scholarly journals Ending Innovation Tourism: Rethinking the U.S. Military’s Approach to Emerging Technology Adoption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Flagg ◽  
◽  
Jack Corrigan
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
National Security ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Commercial Technology ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

As dual-use technologies transform the national security landscape, the U.S. Department of Defense has established a variety of offices and programs dedicated to bringing private sector innovation into the military. However, these efforts have largely failed to drive cutting-edge commercial technology into major military platforms and systems. This report examines the shortcomings of the DOD’s current approach to defense innovation and offers recommendations for a more effective strategy.

Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention: Comments on the Contributions of Marie Isabelle Chevier and Lynn Marvin Hansen

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhard Geissler
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Biological Weapon ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Biological Weapons ◽  
Biological Warfare ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Biological Weapons Convention ◽  
The U.S

In agreement with the overwhelming number of experts, I certainly share the view of Chevier and Hansen that the Biological Weapons Convention needs to be strengthened. Of course it is still a matter of discussion whether the military utility of biological and toxin weapons (hereafter, respectively, BW and TW) changed after the introduction of biotechnology. It is impossible, however, to ignore the 1986 statement of the U.S. Department of Defense (1988), that:… perhaps the most significant event in the history of biological weapons development has been the advent of biotechnology. It enables the development of new microorganisms and products with new, unorthodox characteristics… Conceptually, then, a nation or terrorist group can design a biological weapon to meet a variety of contingencies or needs… The break through and the subsequent achievements make biological warfare much more feasible and effective for countries which either are not bound by the convention or which choose to violate it.

Telemedicine and Business Process Redesign at the Department of Defense

2011 ◽  
pp. 270-291
Author(s):  
James A. Rodgers ◽  
Parag C. Pendharkar
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Process Redesign ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Operational Issues ◽  
Measures Of Effectiveness ◽  
The Military ◽  
Product Team ◽  
The U.S

This case is designed to relate the rationale used by the Department of Defense and the Test and Evaluation (T&E) Integrated Product Team, in order to determine the military utility of the Joint Medical Operations Telemedicine Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (JMO-T ACTD). The paper also develops Critical Operational Issues (COI) and Measures of Effectiveness (MOE) as methodologies for investigating military utility of telemedicine. In order to meet increasing global crises, the U.S. military must find ways to more effectively manage manpower and time. Joint Medical Operations Telemedicine (JMO-T) has been developed by the Department of Defense (DOD) to collect and transmit near-real-time, far-forward medical data and to assess how this improved capability enhances medical management of the battlespace. JMO-T has been successful in resolving uncertain organizational and technological military deficiencies and in improving medical communications and information management. The deployable, mobile Telemedicine Teams are the centerpieces of JMO-T. These teams have the capability of inserting essential networking and communications capabilities into austere theaters and establishing an immediate means for enhancing health protection, collaborative planning, situational awareness, and strategic decision-making.

Acceptance matters: Disengagement and attrition among LGBT personnel in the U.S. military

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210017
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. McNamara ◽  
Gribble Rachael ◽  
Marie-Louise Sharp ◽  
Eva Alday ◽  
Giselle Corletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Career Intentions ◽  
Military Career ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Acceptance ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

LAY SUMMARY The U.S. military has undergone several changes in policies toward lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) service members over the past decade. Some LGBT service members report continued victimization and fear of disclosing their LGBT identity, which can affect retention of LGBT personnel serving in the military. However, there is little research on this population. This study uses data from a survey funded by the U.S. Department of Defense (2017–2018) and completed by 544 active-duty service members (296 non-LGBT and 248 LGBT) to better understand the career intentions of LGBT service members. Of transgender service members, 33% plan to leave the military upon completion of their commitment, compared with 20% of cisgender LGB and 13% of non-LGBT service members. LGBT service members were twice as likely as non-LGBT service members to be undecided as to their military career path. Lower perceived acceptance of LGBT service members in the workplace was associated with a higher risk of leaving among LGBT service members. Lower perceived unit cohesion was associated with attrition risk for all members, regardless of LGBT status. These findings suggest that the U.S. military can do more to improve its climate of LGBT acceptance to prevent attrition.

Maintaining Male Exclusivity: Porcelain Privilege in the Military

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2199236
Author(s):  
Shannon Portillo ◽  
Alesha Doan ◽  
Ashley Mog
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Military ◽  
Masculine Culture ◽  
The U.S

Current debates about bathrooms and bathroom policy contribute to a long history of how space shapes norms and expectations about privacy and gender equity in the workplace. The military serves as a significant site of discussion, particularly as the Department of Defense moves forward with efforts to integrate women into combat positions. Relying on an analysis of 27 focus groups with a total of 198 participants we collected from Special Operations in the U.S. Army, we examine bathrooms as a site where male soldiers contest and resist female integration. Using Sasson-Levy and Katz’s concept of institutional de-gendering and re-gendering, we argue that men’s resistance to gender-neutral toilets is an effort to re-gender Special Forces and maintain the hegemonic masculine culture that acutely defines it.

scholarly journals Mandating the COVID-19 Vaccine for U.S. Service Members: An Exploration of Ethical Arguments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne A Krick ◽  
Tyler R Reese
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Service Member ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination ◽  
The Military ◽  
Full Approval ◽  
Individual Service ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT As the COVID-19 pandemic continues across the globe, the advent of novel vaccines has created a possible path to prepandemic life for many. Still, many individuals, including those in the U.S. military, remain hesitant about getting vaccinated. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently granted full approval to the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty). Consistent with messaging from President Biden, the Department of Defense leadership has instructed the military to prepare for mandatory vaccination. While many have praised this declaration, others have raised concerns regarding the suppression of individual service member autonomy. This commentary explains the different ethical principles relevant to individual autonomy and how they are understood in a military context and then explores the ethical arguments both for and against mandating vaccination for all U.S. service members.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence as a Dual-use Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Éva Ambrus
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Critical Information ◽  
Closed Approach ◽  
The Military

The aim of this article is to give an overview of the state of artificial intelligence regarding malware attacks, its uses in the military and views regarding if it should be classified as a dual-use technology. As an emerging technology, with a wide variety of use and capabilities, more could be done to overview its uses, and some form of control over it. While the classical exports control might be counterproductive, a more closed approach towards critical information dissemination might be advisable until the full range of capabilities of artificial intelligence will be known.

scholarly journals Naval Health Research Center Surveillance for Meningococcal Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Michael Broderick ◽  
Christopher Myers
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Meningococcal Vaccine ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Historically, meningococcal disease has had a devastating impact on U.S. military personnel, but since the introduction of a vaccine in the 1970s, rates have dropped over 90%.1 Department of Defense instructions mandate a meningococcal vaccine for all service personnel. In the last 5 years, rates of meningococcal disease in the military are similar to the U.S. general population. The active duty incidence was 0.21 cases per 100,000 person-years from 2013–2017. Six cases occurred in the 6 months between September 2016 and February 2017; of these, only one was determined to be a vaccine-covered strain. Ongoing surveillance shows vaccination has resulted in a dramatic reduction in meningococcal cases in the military; however, it also demonstrates cases continue to occur sporadically. The recent emergence of new cases reminds us that surveillance and accompanying research are important for evaluating changes in the disease and informing new vaccine development and policy.

From Swords to Plowshares: An Evaluation of the U.S. Legislative Attempts on Economic Conversion and Human Resource Planning

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Muthuchidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
National Security ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
International Market ◽  
Human Resource Planning ◽  
Military Contractors ◽  
The Military ◽  
Parasitic Role ◽  
The U.S

This paper deals with the genesis, development, and impact of Military Keynesianism in the U.S. Its impact on the civilian sector is examined in terms of: geographical distribution of military spending, sectoral militarization, labor market and occupational distortion, the militarization of R & D, R & D's impact on American competitiveness in the international market, the parasitic role of the military contract system and the unethical and exploitative role of military contractors.This paper examines the issues related to disarmament and economic conversion with special reference to bills pending before the Congress. The author suggests a redefinition of “national security” in tune with the INF Treaty and the end of cold-war ideology.

scholarly journals Human Experiments and National Security: The Need to Clarify Policy

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
JONATHAN D. MORENO
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
Human Experiments ◽  
Defensive Measures ◽  
The U.S

On September 4, 2001, press reports indicated that the Defense Intelligence Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) planned to reproduce a strain of anthrax virus suspected of being held in Russian laboratories. According to the same reports, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), under the auspices of Project Clear Vision, is engaged in building replicas of bomblets believed to have been developed by the former Soviet Union. These small bombs were designed to disperse biological agents, including anthrax. Government attorneys were said to be confident that, because these projects were designed to develop defensive measures, they were not in violation of the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.

Recognizing Military Wives

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-136
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Adelman
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Military Spouses ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Military Wives ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Military Spouse ◽  
Public Recognition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

The materials analyzed in this chapter illuminate the paradoxical combination of public recognition and state neglect of military spouses, who receive contingent visibility as a function of their proximity to suffering, along with a chronic suspicion about their reliability. To contextualize the figuring of the military spouse, the chapter begins with two key histories: that of women’s militarization during the War on Terror and that of the U.S. military’s approach to military wives. Affective investments in military spouses (read: wives) are made explicit in presidential proclamations of appreciation for military spouses and their sacrifice, the first objects of analysis here. Operational Security materials, the second, reveal the other side of official regard for military spouses, which identifies them as vital but weak links in national security. Conversely, the American Widow Project, a network organized and maintained by military widows, offers an alternative to these official discourses, recognizing widows’ sacrifices but also embracing a vision of widowhood that is independent and pleasure-seeking, and the chapter’s penultimate section analyzes their work. The chapter concludes with a consideration of military spouse PTSD, an emerging line of inquiry that simultaneously maps and submerges the subject-position of the military spouse.

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