Experience in the diagnosis of group B Streptococcus infections in pregnant women and newborns in a perinatal center

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 755-759
Author(s):  
Elena Vital`evna Naumkina ◽  
E. N. Kravchenko ◽  
L. V. Kuklina
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Group B

Serogroup B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) are one of the main etiological agents responsible for the occurrence of severe perinatal infections in both postpartum women and newborns. The experience of microbiological diagnostics of infections caused by streptococcus serogroup B (GBS) according to the data of the microbiological laboratory of the perinatal center is generalized. In the study of biomaterial from patients, the proportion of positive cultures of Streptococcus agalactiae was 2.2% in cervical samples, 8.8% in vaginal contents, 6.6%; 2.8% and 0.7% in amniotic fluid, placenta and urine, respectively. In 57% of cases, GBS was released at a concentration of more than 5 lg / ml and in 73% of cases as part of polymicrobial associations with other opportunistic microorganisms. In the biomaterial from newborns, GBS was found in 2.5% of positive findings in blood samples, 4.6% in tracheobronchial lavages and 2.7% in detachable skin of the armpit when taking material immediately after childbirth and 1, 1% and 0.7%, respectively, during examination in the second stage of nursing. 5 cases of GBS isolation in newborns ended in early neonatal mortality with definitive diagnoses of congenital pneumonia and IUI of newborns, while there was only partial coincidence of the results of microbiological studies of the genital tract of the mother and biomaterials from the newborn. Relatively frequent findings of GBS in newborns of the high-risk group in intensive care unit indicate intrauterine infection with this pathogen. The examination of smears from the cervical canal is not informative in relation toGBS infection in comparison with the examination of the vaginal contents and recto-vaginal smears. The results of the introduction of microbiological screening and its effectiveness in real practice to prevent the development of early and late forms of GBS infections in newborns require further analysis.

An Emerging Infection: Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome Caused By Group B Streptococcus (GBS), Streptococcus Agalactiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S140-S140
Author(s):  
F Rajack ◽  
A Afsari ◽  
A M Ramadan ◽  
T J Naab
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction/Objective Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and infections in pregnant women. However, incidence of invasive GBS infections has more than doubled in the last two decades with highest risk in adults 65 years or older. Other risk factors are diabetes, malignancy, and immunocompromised state. Bacteremia and skin soft tissue infections are the most common invasive infections in nonpregnant adults. Rarely GBS infection has a fulminating pyrogenic exotoxin-mediated course characterized by acute onset, multiorgan failure, shock, and sometimes death, referred to as toxic shock-like syndrome. Methods A 77-year-old hypertensive female with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of bilateral foot ulcers presented to the hospital in probable septic shock. Clinical diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis was made and she underwent bilateral lower limb amputations. Results Grossly soft tissue appeared gray. Microscopically fascia was necrotic without neutrophils present and Gram stain revealed sheets of Gram positive cocci. These findings reflected histopathologic Stage III necrotizing fasciitis, which is associated with 47% mortality. Autopsy showed a similar histology of Stage III necrotizing fasciitis involving the surgical stump. Erythema and desquamation of the upper limbs bilaterally and multi-organ failure met the clinical picture of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS) and fulfilled the criteria for TSS due to Group A Streptococcus (GAS), defined by The Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections. Conclusion Group B Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome may have a similar outcome to STSS caused by GAS and other pathogens and, in limited studies, mortality has been 30% or greater.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Serotype Determination of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated From Non-Pregnant Women in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Khalili ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
Maryam Sadeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tehran Area

Consequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) relating infant’s diseases are well documented. Although many women carry this bacterium in their vagina, they may transfer to their infant during delivery and may result in different neonatal invasive diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS and serotyping the isolated species among un-selective non-pregnant women who attended two gynecology clinics in Tehran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 560 vaginal samples collected from non-pregnant women. Following inoculation of the specimen on Blood Agar, the standard technology was applied for the final identification of GBS. Detected GBS species were further confirmed using specific PCR directed on dlts gene. Capsular serotyping was done by using the multiplex PCR method. The chi-square method was used for statistical analysis. Fifty (8.9%) out of 560 non-pregnant women were carriers of GBS. The most common types were III (36%), followed by type II (32%), Ia (26%), and Ib (6%), respectively. Results represent that the prevalence rate of GBS in non-pregnant women was reliable and similar to what obtained from pregnant women. In addition, the serotype III was found the most dominant types, as well as other investigations in the Tehran area. Therefore, vaccine designation based on type III is recommended.

scholarly journals Exploring the Pregnant Guinea Pig as a Model for Group B Streptococcus Intrauterine Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I Harrell ◽  
Kellie Burnside ◽  
Christopher Whidbey ◽  
Jay Vornhagen ◽  
Kristina M Adams Waldorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals To screen or not to screen women for Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) to prevent early onset sepsis in newborns: recent advances in the unresolved debate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 204993612094242
Author(s):  
Guduru Gopal Rao ◽  
Priya Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the commonest cause of early onset sepsis in newborns in developed high-income countries. Intrapartum antimicrobial (antibiotic) prophylaxis (IAP) is recognized to be highly effective in preventing early onset Group B sepsis (EOGBS) in newborns. The key controversy is about the strategy that should be used to identify mothers who should receive IAP. There are two strategies that are followed in developed countries: screening-based or risk-factor-based identification of women requiring IAP. The debate regarding which of the two approaches is better has intensified in the recent years with concerns about antimicrobial resistance, effect on newborn’s microbiome and other adverse effects. In this review, we have discussed some of the key research papers published in the period 2015–2019 that have addressed the relative merits and disadvantages of screening versus risk-factor-based identification of women requiring IAP. Although screening-based IAP appears to be more efficacious than risk-based IAP, IAP-based prevention has several limitations including ineffectiveness in prevention of late-onset GBS infection in babies, premature and still births, impact of IAP on neonatal microbiota, emergence of antimicrobial resistance and difficulties in implementing IAP-based strategies in middle and low income countries. Alternative strategies, principally maternal immunization against GBS would circumvent use of IAP. However, no licensed vaccines are currently available for use.

scholarly journals Subtractive Hybridization Identifies a Novel Predicted Protein Mediating Epithelial Cell Invasion by Virulent Serotype III Group B Streptococcus agalactiae

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 6857-6863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth E. Adderson ◽  
Shinji Takahashi ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jianling Armstrong ◽  
Dylan V. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Mutant Type ◽  
Isogenic Mutant ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Group B Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria (group B streptococci [GBS]) are the most common cause of serious bacterial infection in newborn infants. The majority of serotype III-related cases of neonatal disease are caused by a genetically related subgroup of bacteria, restriction fragment digest pattern (RDP) type III-3, suggesting that these strains possess unique genes contributing to virulence. We used genomic subtractive hybridization to identify regions of genomic DNA unique to virulent RDP type III-3 GBS strains. Within one of these III-3-specific regions is a 1,506-bp open reading frame, spb1 (surface protein of group B streptococcus 1). A mutant type III GBS strain lacking Spb1 was constructed in virulent RDP type III-3 strain 874391, and the interactions of the wild-type and spb1 isogenic mutant with a variety of epithelial cells important to GBS colonization and infection were compared. While adherence of the spb1 isogenic mutant to A549 respiratory, C2Bbe1 colonic, and HeLa cervical epithelial cells was slightly lower than that of the 874391 strain, invasion of the Spb1− mutant was significantly reduced with these cell lines compared to what was seen with 874391. The defect in epithelial invasion was corrected by supplying spb1 in trans. These observations suggest that Spb1 contributes to the pathogenesis of neonatal GBS infection by mediating internalization of virulent serotype III GBS and confirm that understanding of the population structure of bacteria may lead to insights into the pathogenesis of human infections.

Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Liakopoulos ◽  
E. Petinaki ◽  
S. Bouchlariotou ◽  
P.R. Mertens ◽  
M. Trakala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Group B
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