Current state of chikungunya fever laboratory diagnosis (review of literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 558-564
Author(s):  
T. V. Zamarina ◽  
E. V. Pimenova ◽  
N. P. Khrapova ◽  
A. A. Baturin
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Test System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Chikungunya Fever ◽  
Current State ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Virus Antigens

The article is about methods of chikungunya fever laboratory diagnosis. An algorithm for the study of biological material for the presence of antibodies against chikungunya virus and virus antigens is presented. The overview describes the information about commercial immunodiagnostic and genodiagnostic kits and their detailed specifications. The information presented in the review will be useful for doctors of clinical laboratory diagnostics to choose a method and an acceptable test system for laboratory confirmation of Chikungunya fever diagnosis, as well as differential diagnosis with other fevers, which have similar symptoms, common geographical distribution and carriers of infection.

Possibilities of using new test system for screening antibodies to hepatitis C produced by Alkor Bio company by ELISA during comparative laboratory tests

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
T. D. Grigorieva ◽  
M. Yu. Falileeva ◽  
E. P. Shargorodskaya
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Test System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Real Patients

Currently, despite the wide variety of methods and tests for screening blood serum for antibodies to HCV, there are no reliable criteria that guarantee a reliable result. To date, the interpretation of the results of anti-HCV detection in samples with low CP values (low optical density in ELISA) remains one of the major tasks of laboratory diagnostics. Continuous improvement of analytical sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests remains one of the priority tasks for manufacturers of modern test systems. The purpose of this article was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the new Hepatitis ELISA-anti-HCV test system produced by Alkor Bio when compared with test systems from other manufacturers in settings with sera from real patients and in a series of control seroconversion panels. The article is intended for doctors of clinical laboratory diagnostics, epidemiologists, virologists, infectious disease specialists, students of medical and biological universities.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Challenges on the Laboratory Detection of Lupus Anticoagulant

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Armando Tripodi
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Current State ◽  
Clinical Laboratories

Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is one of the three laboratory parameters (the others being antibodies to either cardiolipin or β2-glycoprotein I) which defines the rare but potentially devastating condition known as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Testing for LA is a challenging task for the clinical laboratory because specific tests for its detection are not available. However, proper LA detection is paramount for patients’ management, as its persistent positivity in the presence of (previous or current) thrombotic events, candidate for long term anticoagulation. Guidelines for LA detection have been established and updated over the last two decades. Implementation of these guidelines across laboratories and participation to external quality assessment schemes are required to help standardize the diagnostic procedures and help clinicians for appropriate management of APS. This article aims to review the current state of the art and the challenges that clinical laboratories incur in the detection of LA.

Possibilities of cytological diagnostics in gynecology. Human papillomavirus as an interdisciplinary problem

2022 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Oksana Anatolievna Gizinger ◽  
◽  
Irina Yurievna Lepina ◽  
Marina Nikolaevna Bagdasaryan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Stage ◽  
Cytological Diagnostics

The article presents an analysis of current information on the etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis of human papillomavirus. It is shown that at the current stage of development of laboratory diagnostics there is a reliable screening test — cytological examination of smears taken from the ecto- and endocervix. To diagnose HPV, a combination of microscopic (cytological studies) and molecular genetic (PCR) diagnostic methods is used.

Organization of the work of the medical laboratory service in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence»

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Elena Vitalievna Perminova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Iso 15189 ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Medical Laboratories

Clinical laboratory diagnostics is a medical specialty, which is based on in vitro diagnostic studies of biomaterial obtained from an individual. At the present stage, there are three main types of organization of the laboratory research process — a laboratory service as part of a medical and preventive institution, a centralized laboratory where biomaterials are delivered for research from various healthcare institutions, as well as mobile laboratories that allow conducting the research directly at the patient’s bedside. This discipline involves the use of a wide variety of diagnostic research methods and the use of a huge number of specific techniques. Their list should include carrying out hematological, microbiological, virological, immunological, serological, parasitic, and biochemical studies. Also, when organizing laboratory diagnostic activities, a number of other studies (cytological, histological, toxicological, genetic, molecular biological, etc.) are provided. A laboratory report is formulated after obtaining clinical data and comparing them with the obtained test results. The quality of laboratory tests is ensured through the systematic implementation of internal laboratory control, as well as participation in a national program for external quality assessment. The activities of the clinical diagnostic laboratory should be organized in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST R ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence», which is based on the provisions of two more fundamental standards — ISO 9001 and ISO 17025, and adds a number of special requirements related to medical laboratories.

Mitochondrial Disorders of DNA Polymerase γ Dysfunction: From Anatomic to Molecular Pathology Diagnosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (7) ◽  
pp. 925-934
Author(s):  
Linsheng Zhang ◽  
Sherine S. L. Chan ◽  
Daynna J. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Mitochondrial Disorders ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Cooperative Effort ◽  
Dna Polymerase Γ

Abstract Context.—Primary mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most common causes of inherited disorders predominantly involving the neuromuscular system. Advances in the molecular study of mitochondrial DNA have changed our vision and our approach to primary mitochondrial disorders. Many of the mitochondrial disorders are caused by mutations in nuclear genes and are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Among the autosomal inherited mitochondrial disorders, those related to DNA polymerase γ dysfunction are the most common and the best studied. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and being familiar with the recent advances in laboratory diagnosis of this group of mitochondrial disorders are essential for pathologists to interpret abnormal histopathology and laboratory results and to suggest further studies for a definitive diagnosis. Objectives.—To help pathologists better understand the common clinical syndromes originating from mutations in DNA polymerase γ and its associated proteins and use the stepwise approach of clinical, laboratory, and pathologic diagnosis of these syndromes. Data Sources.—Review of pertinent published literature and relevant Internet databases. Conclusions.—Mitochondrial disorders are now better recognized with the development of molecular tests for clinical diagnosis. A cooperative effort among primary physicians, diagnostic pathologists, geneticists, and molecular biologists with expertise in mitochondrial disorders is required to reach a definitive diagnosis.

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