scholarly journals Design of photovoltaic system powered a small-scale SWRO desalination plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albashir.KH Elfaqih
Keyword(s):  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Membrane Unit ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Feed Pressure ◽  
Nominal Voltage

This paper illustrates a proposed design to the Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies (CSERS) - Tajura, for the erection and testing of a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system for the powering of a small scale seawater reverse-osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant. The plant promises to deliver up to 0.25 m3/hour of potable water from seawater with a salinity of about 38,000 ppm and the osmotic pressure of 26.4bar.In the current paper, ROSA Software by Dow chemical company was used to establish suitable membrane unit at this capacity. A unit of 4 inch of SW30-4040, with a feed pressure of 48 bar, and a salt recovery (R) of 20% with total dissolved solids (TDS) of 190ppm was selected.Also results showed that, the electrical consumption of the SWRO plant was 2500 W, and the specific energy consumption was 10 kWh/m3. The size of the selected stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to power a SWRO plant with a mean production capacity of 1.5m³/day (6 hours operating per day), is 48V nominal voltage, 72 PV modules (shell SQ85-P), and 16 batteries with the capacity of 383Amp-Hour each.

A simplified method for fault detection and identification of mismatch modules and strings in a grid-tied solar photovoltaic system

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namani Rakesh ◽  
Sanchari Banerjee ◽  
Senthilkumar Subramaniam ◽  
Natarajan Babu
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Fault Detection And Identification ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

AbstractThe foremost problem facing by the photovoltaic (PV) system is to identify the faults and partial shade conditions. Further, the power loss can be avoided by knowing the number of faulty modules and strings. Hence, to attend these problems, a new method is proposed to differentiate the faults and partially shaded conditions along with the number of mismatch modules and strings for a dynamic change in irradiation. The proposed method has developed in two main steps based on a simple observation from the Current versus Voltage (I-V) characteristic curve of PV array at Line-Line (LL) fault. First, the type of fault is detected using defined variables, which are continuously updated from PV array voltage, current, and irradiation. Second, it gives the number of mismatch modules (or short-circuited bypass diodes) and mismatch strings (or open-circuited blocking diodes) by comparing with the theoretical predictions from the I-V characteristic curve of PV array. The proposed algorithm has been validated both on experimentation using small scale grid-connected PV array developed in the laboratory as well as MATLAB/Simulink simulations. Further, the comparative assessment with existing methods is presented with various performance indices to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of a Full-Scale Desalination Plant with Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Irrigation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Federico Leon ◽  
Alejandro Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Data ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Pre Treatment

Reverse osmosis (RO) is the most widely used technology for seawater desalination purposes. The long-term operating data of full-scale plants is key to analyse their performance under real conditions. The studied seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant had a production capacity of 5000 m3/d for irrigation purposes. The operating data such as conductivities flows, and pressures were collected for around 27,000 h for 4 years. The plant had sand and cartridge filters without chemical dosing in the pre-treatment stage, a RO system with one stage, 56 pressure vessels, seven RO membrane elements per pressure vessel and a Pelton turbine as energy recovery device. The operating data allowed to calculate the average water and salt permeability coefficients (A and B) of the membrane as well as the specific energy consumption (SEC) along the operating period. The calculation of the average A in long-term operation allowed to fit the parameters of three different models used to predict the mentioned parameter. The results showed a 30% decrease of A, parameter B increase around 70%. The SEC was between 3.75 and 4.25 kWh/m3. The three models fitted quite well to the experimental data with standard deviations between 0.0011 and 0.0015.

A TRNSYS Dynamic Simulation Model for Photovoltaic System Powering a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Unit with Solar Energy

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rym Chaker ◽  
Hatem Dhaouadi ◽  
Hatem Mhiri ◽  
Philippe Bournot
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model

This paper presents a Photovoltaic (PV) simulation system powering a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit with no energy recovery device (ERD). The simulation is carried out using commercial software, Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS®). The PV system consists on solar panels (Siemens SM55) with rated power of 55 W, connected to a storage battery via DC-DC charge controller. The load of this system is a pump, which provides the RO system with feed water. The RO unit is composed of one Filmtec spiral wound membrane. Simulation results for fresh water production showed that with a continuous feed of 1.5 m3h-1, a total capacity production of 110 m3 per year can be achieved. The effect of the main parameters in desalinated water production capacity showed that with the increase of the raw water feed flow and the PV surface, the monthly fresh water production increases. They also showed that with the increase of raw water salinity, the fresh water production decreases. This work is validated with literature experimental results.

scholarly journals Computer Tool for Sizing and Economic Assessment of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Arnold Ferney Torres Ome ◽  
Ana Lucía Paque Salazar ◽  
Fernand Diaz Franco ◽  
July Steffany González López
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
System Size ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Solar Applications

Thanks to the location close to the Equator line, Colombia offers an advantage location for solar applications. This is the case of Neiva, a city located in the south of Colombia where the average temperature and irradiance are 31 °C and 4 kW/m2 respectively. This paper describes the development of an investment payback solar calculator (PSC) software for residential and commercial PV solar applications in Neiva. The PSC uses both the average solar energy and the electricity prices to estimate the rate of return on investment, the payback period (PBP), the net present value (NPV) as well as the environmental impact. The PCS software is then evaluated using a historical and statistical information from NASA, adjusted with the results of a small scale 1 kW grid connected PV system production. The results show that the PCS software can satisfactorily indicate the PV system size and perform an economic evaluation of the system to be implemented. The results obtained using the application developed were compared to two commercially available software Sunny Design and HOMER. The NPV and the PBP values showed that the proposed application results are like those delivered by the commercial software. Furthermore, the economic evaluation given by the developed tool uses additional information which makes it more accurate in countries where socioeconomic stratum is presented.

scholarly journals Comparison between neural network and P&O method in optimizing MPPT control for photovoltaic cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 5083
Author(s):  
ِِِAhmed G. Abdullah ◽  
Mothanna sh. Aziz ◽  
Bashar Abdullah Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

The demand for renewable energy has increased because it is considered a clean energy and does not result in any pollution or emission of toxic gases that negatively affect the environment and human health also requiring little maintenance, and emitting no noise, so it is necessary to develop this type of energy and increase its production capacity. In this research a design of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method using Neural Network (NN) for photovoltaic system is presented. First we design a standalone PV system linked to dc boost chopper with MPPT by perturbation and observation P&O technique, and then a design of MPPT by using ANN for the same system is presented. Comparative between two control methods are studied. The results explained in constant and adjustable weather settings such as irradiation and temperature. The results exposed that the proposed MPPT by ANN control can improve the PV array efficiency by reduce the oscillation around the MPP that accure in P&O method and so decreases the power losses. As well as decrease the the overshot that accure in transient response, and hence improving the performance of the solar cell.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Standalone Photovoltaic System with Hydrogen Storage System

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Dalilah Nordin ◽  
Hasimah Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Power Load

This paper proposes design steps in obtaining the optimal size of a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system, which is able to meet a predetermined power load requirement. The keys of the system sizing are primarily to satisfy a specific load demand that depends on the power generated from the installed PV system and also to maintain hydrogen storage state of charge. A case study was conducted using Kuala Lumpur's meteorological data and a typical rural area load profile of 2.215 kWh. An economic analysis on the system was performed in order to determine system feasibility. The levelized cost of energy for the proposed system was RM1.98/kWh. However, the results showed that if the same configuration used absorbent glass mat (AGM) battery as the backup power supply, the system cost and levelized cost of energy is lower. Therefore, a sensitivity analysis of the electrolyzer and fuel cell efficiencies towards levelized cost of energy for the proposed system was executed. The result indicates that unless the efficiency of hydrogen storage technologies significantly increases in the future, the system will not be feasible to be implemented in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant Driven by Solar Photovoltaic System–Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1153-1163
Author(s):  
Muwaffaq Kensara ◽  
Adel M. Abdel Dayem ◽  
Abdelaziz Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Desalination

A case study of designing of a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant using a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system is investigated in this work. The RO system is a desalination plant providing pure water to the Shoiaba power generation plant. The system consists of a PV array connected to an inverter for day time or batteries for night time. The PV is designed to meet the high-pressure pumps’ load that is about 13649 kWh a day. Because the plant is operated 24 hours a day the PV panels are divided into two parts, one to cover the day time load and the second to cover night load that is stored in batteries. Based on weather conditions of solar radiation of the shortest day and maximum ambient temperature the PV is sizing and a storage system is determined. The system is modeled by the TNSYS software to simulate the performance of the system during the year. The annual performance of system proves that the system is able to meet the required load during the year. It can be concluded that it is a great opportunity to install photovoltaic panels and increase the efficiency of Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant.

scholarly journals A new meta-heuristic pathfinder algorithm for solving optimal allocation of solar photovoltaic system in multi-lateral distribution system for improving resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Varaprasad Janamala
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA new meta-heuristic Pathfinder Algorithm (PFA) is adopted in this paper for optimal allocation and simultaneous integration of a solar photovoltaic system among multi-laterals, called interline-photovoltaic (I-PV) system. At first, the performance of PFA is evaluated by solving the optimal allocation of distribution generation problem in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems for loss minimization. The obtained results show that the performance of proposed PFA is superior to PSO, TLBO, CSA, and GOA and other approaches cited in literature. The comparison of different performance measures of 50 independent trail runs predominantly shows the effectiveness of PFA and its efficiency for global optima. Subsequently, PFA is implemented for determining the optimal I-PV configuration considering the resilience without compromising the various operational and radiality constraints. Different case studies are simulated and the impact of the I-PV system is analyzed in terms of voltage profile and voltage stability. The proposed optimal I-PV configuration resulted in loss reduction of 77.87% and 98.33% in IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems, respectively. Further, the reduced average voltage deviation index and increased voltage stability index result in an improved voltage profile and enhanced voltage stability margin in radial distribution systems and its suitability for practical applications.

Performance assessment of free standing and building integrated grid connected photovoltaic system for southern part of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 014362442097774
Author(s):  
VS Chandrika ◽  
M Mohamed Thalib ◽  
Alagar Karthick ◽  
Ravishankar Sathyamurthy ◽  
A Muthu Manokar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Community Buildings ◽  
Equatorial Climate

Photovoltaic (PV) system efficiency depends on the geographical location and the orientation of the building. Until installing the building structures, the integration of the PV module must be evaluated with ventilation and without ventilation effects. This work optimises the performance of the 250 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic (GPV) for community buildings in the southern part of India. This simulation is carried out to evaluate the system efficiency of the GPV system under various ventilation conditions, such as free-standing PV (FSPV), building integrated photovoltaic ventilated (BIPV_V) and Building Integrated Photovoltaic without ventilation (BIPV). The PVsyst simulation tool is used to simulate and optimise the performance of the system with FSPV, BIPV and BIPV_V for the region of Chennai (13.2789° N, 80.2623° E), Tamilnadu, India. An annual system energy production is 446 MWh, 409 MWh and 428 MWh of FSPV, BIPV and BIPV_V system respectively. while electrical efficiency for the FSPV, BIPV_V, BIPV system is 15.45%. 15.25% and 14.75% respectively. Practical application: Integrating the grid connected photovoltaic system on the building reduces the energy consumption in the building. The integration of the PV on the roof or semi integrated on the roof is need to be investigated before installing on the buildings. The need for installation of the BIPV with ventilation is explored. This study will assist architects and wider community to design buildings roofs with GPV system which are more aesthetic and account for noise protection and thermal insulation in the region of equatorial climate zones.

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