scholarly journals MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF DIVERSITY IN VILLAGE CHICKENS IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
K. L AYORINDE ◽  
Y. SONG ◽  
P. DURMMOND ◽  
E. J. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Village Chickens ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chicken Population ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Free Ranging

Indigenous chickens obtained from the central and northern parts of Nigeria were evaluated for incidence and frequencies of endogenous viral, ev, genes 1, 3, 15 and 21 using blood samples collected by branchial venipuncture from free ranging adult birds of both sexes. Results indicated that 60.7% of the birds do not carry any of the four ev elements and that none of the birds carried genes for ev I. The frequencies ev 1, 3, 15 and 21 genes were 0.00, 0.07, 0.07 and 0.24. Significantly (P<0.05) higher frequencies of birds carrying the homozygous negative genes for each of the four ev elements are expected among the local chicken. Significantly (P<0.05) higher frequency of birds carrying the heterozygous than the homozygous positive forms for ev 3, 15 and 21 are also expected. The obtained negative genotypes agree closely with the expected, although slightly lower frequencies were obtained for ev 3 and 15 and higher frequeney for ev 21 than expected. However, there were no birds carrying the homozygous positive forms for ev 3 and ev 15 and slightly lower frequency for ev 21 than expected. The frequencies for the heterozygotes, though slightly lower for ev 21 and higher for ev 3 and 15, agree closely with the expected. Analysis of the DNA finger print, DFP, bands from RFLP studies indicated that the level of genetic diversity in the local chicken in Nigeria is only about 52%. The study suggests that there may be true genetic differences in the Nigerian local chicken population and hence the slightly high variation in genetic differences could be exploited for genetic improvement.

scholarly journals The pattern of genetic diversity of different breeds of pigs based on microsatellite analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-754
Author(s):  
V. R. Kharzinova ◽  
N. A. Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Large White ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Republic

One of the main tasks of genetics and animal breeding is the assessment of genetic diversity and the study of genetic relationships between different breeds and populations using molecular genetic analysis methods. We analysed the polymorphism of microsatellites and the information on the state of genetic diversity and the population structure of local breeds in Russia: the Kemerovo, the Berkshire, the Liven, the Mangalitsa, and the Civilian; in the Republic of Belarus: the Large White and the Black-and-White; and in Ukraine: the White Steppe, as well as commercial breeds of imported origin of domestic reproduction: the Large White, the Landrace, and the Duroc. The materials used for this study were the tissue and DNA samples extracted from 1,194 pigs and DNA of the UNU “Genetic material bank of domestic and wild animal species and birds” of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry. Polymorphisms of 10 microsatellites (S0155, S0355, S0386, SW24, SO005, SW72, SW951, S0101, SW240, and SW857) were determined according to the previously developed technique using DNA analyser ABI3130xl. To estimate the allele pool of each population, the average number of alleles (NA), the effective number of alleles (NE ) based on the locus, the rarified allelic richness (AR), the observed (HO ) and expected (HE ) heterozygosity, and the fixation index (FIS) were calculated. The degree of genetic differentiation of the breeds was assessed based on the pairwise values of FST and D. The analysis of the allelic and genetic diversity parameters of the local breeds showed that the maximum and minimum levels of polymorphism were observed in pigs of the Ukrainian White Steppe breed (NA = 6.500, NE = 3.709, and AR = 6.020) and in pigs of the Duroc breed (NA = 4.875, NE = 2.119, and AR = 3.821), respectively. The highest level of genetic diversity was found in the Large White breed of the Republic of Belarus (HO = 0.707 and NE = 0.702). The minimum level of genetic diversity was found in pigs of the imported breeds – the Landrace (HO = 0.459, HE = 0.400) and the Duroc (HO = 0.480, HE = 0.469) – indicating a high selection pressure in these breeds. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, the genetic origin of Large White pigs, the breeds, from which the Berkshire pigs originated, and the genetic detachment of the Landrace from the Mangalitsa breeds were revealed. The cluster analysis showed a genetic consolidation of the Black-and-White, the Berkshire, and the Mangalitsa pigs. Additionally, the imported breeds with clustering depending on the origin were characterised by a genetic structure different from that of the other breeds. The information obtained from these studies can serve as a guide for the management and breeding strategies of the pig breeds studied, to allow their better use and conservation.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF Aegilops L. LOCAL SPECIES GENETIC DIVERSITY OF KAZAKHSTAN’S FLORA

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Urazaliev ◽  
M. Yessimbekova ◽  
K. Mukin ◽  
A. Chirkin ◽  
G. Ismagulova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Marker Allele ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Allelic Variations

Cereal Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) are a very  important gene pool for cereal/wheat improvement. New genes for resistance to diseases and pests are urgently needed to avoid using pesticides and to raise adaptivity to the environmental stresses caused by global climate change. In this regard, the study is aimed at ex situ conservation of Aegilops L. genus local ecotypes’ genetic diversity, which is very relevant and promising for breeding. In order to establish breeding utility and form an ex situ collection reflecting the intra- and inter-specific diversity, the phenotypic screening of Kazakhstan’s local populations of Aegilops L. genus (Ae. cylindrica, Ae. tauschii, Ae. triuncialis and Ae. crassa) was conducted on the basis of multiple indicators. For the first time molecular-genetic analysis of 50 representatives of Aegilops L. genus from Kazakhstan’s flora was performed. The microsatellite analysis with the use of 11 EST-SSR markers revealed eight of them to be most effective. For each marker, allele frequency and average heterozygosity was calculated. For the most informative markers the presence of 5 and 6 respective allelic variations was found. A bank of genomic DNA was created and kept in ex situ storage (–70 °С, long-term) in the IMBB of the MES of RK.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic diversity of honey bee in Ukraine analyzed by the SSR-markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
D. I. Hryhorchuk ◽  
A. M. Rabokon ◽  
A. S. PostovoitovA ◽  
N. M. Pirko ◽  
Ya. V. Pirko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Silver Nitrate Staining

Aim. The aim of the work was to analyze current genetic structure of honey bee populations in Ukraine that belong to different subspecies: A. meliffera meliffera, A. meliffera carnica, A. meliffera macedonica using microsatellite markers. Methods. SSR-analysis was used for evaluation of the honey bee polymorphism. Amplified fragments were fractionated by electrophoresis in non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel. DNA bands were detected using silver nitrate staining. Results. The analysis of the sample of honey bees (workers and male-bees) collected from different regions of Ukraine was performed by using two SSR-markers (Ac011 and A007). In this sample reasonably high polymorphism was observed, especially for the SSR-marker A007. Conclusions. It was estimated that SSR-analysis method can be applied in molecular-genetic analysis of honey bees for evaluation of genetic diversity and cross-subspecies hybridization. Keywords: microsatellite markers, Apis meliffera, PIC (Polymorphism Information Content).

scholarly journals Molecular-Genetic Analysis of Four Populations of Pinus sylvestris L., With Resin Acids With Anti-microbial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Ya. Sboeva ◽  
N. Pystogova ◽  
S. Boronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Resin Acids ◽  
Pcr Markers ◽  
Issr Pcr ◽  
Perm Region

74 ISSR-PCR markers were isolated in four studied populations of Scots pine in the Perm Territory, of which 67 (P95=0.905) were polymorphic. The studied populations are characterized by high rates of genetic diversity (P95=0.905; HE=0.187; ne=1.402; R=12). It was found that among the studied 4 populations of P. sylvestris, the population from the Gainskiy forestry (P95=0.842; HE=0.212; ne=1.358; R=1) possesses the highest genetic diversity, and the population from the Perm forestry (P95=0.800; HE=0.173; ne=1.282; R=1). A comparative analysis of the literature and the data obtained showed that the indicators of the genetic diversity of the studied populations of Scots pine in the Perm region have average values for the species (P95=0.905; HE=0.187; na=1.905; ne=1.402).

scholarly journals Molecular-genetic analysis of diff erent species of lace bugs (Hеteroptera: Tingidae) by RAPD-markers

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
E. N. Besedinа ◽  
V. I. Kil
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Lace Bugs

Studying the genetics of harmful insects populations is of great importance in understanding the migratory processes of species, especially invasive ones, and the fl ow of genes between populations. In this regard, one of the priorities of the genetics of arthropod populations is to assess the genetic similarity of individuals, genetic diversity, and DNApolymorphism. Universal RAPD-primers (OPA07, OPA09 and OPA18) for lace bugs (Tingidae family) have been revealed. In order to study DNA-polymorphism and the genetic diversity of lace bugs using selected primers, a comparative PCR-analysis of four species of bugs of this family (Corythucha arcuata Say, Corythucha ciliata Say, Stephanitis pyri F., Monosteira unicostata Mulsant et Rey) was carried out. It was shown that the species Monosteara unicostata diff ered from the others in the lowest level of DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity. The high values of DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity of the other three species indicate a high migratory ability of these insect species and a signifi cant intraspecifi c gene drift. In the research process, clustering of lace bugs species based on the data obtained using RAPD-markers was carried out in order to determine their genetic relationship. Cluster analysis of the data was performed by the UPGMA-method using the Popgene program. We found out that the genetically closest species were the species of the genus Corythucha, and the most distant from others was the species Monosteira unicostata. It was shown that RAPD-PCR-method can be successfully used in the analysis of interspecifi c diff erences of insects, along with other molecular-genetic methods. The performed studies allowed us to assess the eff ectiveness of the RAPD-primers identifi ed in the work for diff erentiating the species of lace bugs and to obtain information on the genetic relationship of the Tingidae family species. The primers identifi ed in the work are also eff ective for assessing DNA-polymorphism and genetic diversity of insects of the Tingidae family. This method of molecular-genetic diagnosis allows carrying out a more eff ective monitoring of pests of this insect family.

scholarly journals Molecular Genetic Analysis of a Rare Plant Species Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. of Northern Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Yu. Pinaeva ◽  
N. Beltyukova ◽  
Yu. Prishnivskaya ◽  
G. Sultangazina ◽  
I. Beishova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Rare Plant Species ◽  
Pulsatilla Patens

The genetic diversity of 5 cenopopulations of the rare plant species Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill, located on the territories of Pavlodar, Akmola and Kostanay regions, Kazakhstan Republic, was studied. Intermicrosatellite DNA analysis (ISSR — Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) was used to determine the indicators of genetic diversity. Polymerase chain reaction with 5 primers: ISSR-1, ISSR-3, M1, M27, X11 was performed. The number of polymorphic DNA fragments in the total plant samples ranged from 9 to 28. Fragment’s size ranged from 200 to 1420 bp. The percentage of polymorphic loci in the total sample P. patens was 0.965. Expected heterozygosity is 0.162, and the number of effective alleles is 1.361. Indicators of genetic diversity are higher in the cenopopulation from the Kostanay region (Borovskoe village): HE =0.209, ne =1.743, and lower in the population from the Pavlodar region: HE =0.131, ne =1.597. Two rare DNA fragments were found in the studied P. patens cenopopulations: in cenopopulation from the Pavlodar region and in cenopopulation from the Akmola region (village Yerementau). Cenopopulation from the Kostanay region (village Borovskoe) has the most balanced diversity structure: h=0.139, and cenopopulation of the Kostanay region (village Kamensk-Uralsk) is the least balanced: h = 0.188. The Shannon Index revealed the greatest diversity in the cenopopulation from the Kostanay region (village Borovskoe) I=0.327, and the lowest diversity in cenopopulation from the Pavlodar region I=0.215.

scholarly journals Use of Modern molecular Genetic Methods to Study Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis B Strains on the Territory of Khabarovsk City

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
V. O. Kotova ◽  
L. A. Balahotseva ◽  
E. Yu. Sapega ◽  
O. E. Trotsenko ◽  
T. A. Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genotype C ◽  
Dominant Genotype ◽  
Genotype A

A molecular genetic analysis of 23 samples of blood serum/plasma taken from patients with chronic hepatitis B was performed. The dominant genotype among studied group was genotype D (71.4%); the rate of genotype A and genotype C was 10.7 and 17.9%, respectively.

scholarly journals Prolonged Neuromuscular Blockade Following Succinylcholine Administration to a Patient with a Reduced Butyrylcholinesterase Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo F. Panhuizen ◽  
Marc M. J. Snoeck ◽  
Soledad Levano ◽  
Thierry Girard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Neuromuscular Blockade ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Butyrylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Prolonged Neuromuscular Blockade

This case is about a 48-year-old woman known with a reduced butyrylcholinesterase activity, who developed prolonged neuromuscular blockade following the unintentional administration of succinylcholine. We took the opportunity to monitor the development of neuromuscular function during this period and blood samples were taken for molecular genetic analysis and for quantitative and qualitative analysis since not all causative mutations are functionally characterized. Reduced butyrylcholinesterase activity is discussed in many aspects. Clinical considerations are suggested concerning genetic counselling.

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