scholarly journals A Phenotypic Trait (Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio) of Pure and Crossbred Nigerian Indigenous Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
O. O. Oluwole
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Phenotypic Trait ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Haematological Analysis ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Haematological Data

Pig plays a major role in socio economical by serving as a source of income for rural population and fulfilling an important role in culture and food security. Neutrophillymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be defined as the ratio of absolute neutrophil count to the absolute lymphocyte count. Fifty-one weaners were randomly selected at 9, 17 and 25 weeks of age for haematological analysis. Blood from the jugular veins of these pigs were collected into anti-coagulant bottles and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The blood parameters taken were leukocyte traits represented by neutrophilic count (NEU %) and lymphocyte percentage (LYM %). NLR was calculated by dividing the mean neutrophil counts by the mean lymphocyte count. Haematological data recorded were analyzed by using Analysis ofvariance (ANOVA) and means were separated by DuncanMultiple Range Test (DMRT). The NLR values were significant between the two breeds where NIP NLR was higher throughout the ages.

scholarly journals Is leukopenia and lymphopenia a characteristic feature of COVID-19 in children?

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attia Bari ◽  
Aimen CH ◽  
Iqbal Bano ◽  
Nazish Saqlain
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To analyze whether leucopenia and lymphopenia a characteristic feature of children with COVID-19 and to find out its association with the disease severity. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at The Children’s Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to October 2020. All confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID MIS-C/Kawasaki Disease diagnosed on the basis of RT-PCR and Antibody test respectively were included. Complete blood and differential counts were performed on the day of admission. Results: Out of a total of 83 patients 60 (72%) were diagnosed as COVID-19 and 23 (28%) as post-COVID MIS-C/KD. The mean age of children was 7.0±4.3 years (95%CI: 6.07 - 8.75) with a male preponderance 51 (61%). Twenty (24%) children had an underlying comorbidity and 7 (8%) were surgical cases. Our case fatality rate was 5 (6%) and all children who died had an underlying comorbid condition. In both, COVID and MIS-C/KD the mean leukocyte count was (14.0 ± 12.5 vs 13.6 ± 6.9 x109/L), respectively (p=0.888). The mean lymphocyte count in children with COVID was (39.1 ± 21.4%). Patients with MIS-C/KD showed significantly higher levels of neutrophil count (76.5 ± 15.0%) as compared to children with COVID (52.0 ± 22.1%), absolute lymphocyte count was (5.02±4.81 vs 2.13±0.95 x109/L) in COVID and MIS-C respectively (p=<0.001). In 60 COVID-19 patients, the mean neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in mild-moderate and severe-critical group was 2.00 and 5.08 respectively (p=0.009). Conclusion: The blood picture of COVID-19 in children does not show leukopenia. NLR was a prognostic factor to assess the severity in COVID-19 patients. The presence of an underlying comorbid conditions is significant a risk factor for poor outcome. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3848 How to cite this:Bari A, Ch A, Bano I, Saqlain N. Is leukopenia and lymphopenia a characteristic feature of COVID-19 in children?. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3848 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Cellular Inflammatory Indices in Hospitalized Nigerian COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Adeyemi Akinwumi ◽  
Fabian Victory Edem ◽  
Ganiyu Olatunbosun Arinola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Mean

The pandemicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) necessitated its novel biomarkers in prognosis and monitoring in low resource settings. Changes in total white blood cell counts have been associated with the progression of diseases. This study determined the prognostic value of some cellular inflammatory cells and their indices in relation to duration of hospital admission, gender, and age of COVID-19 patients. This longitudinal and case–control study determined blood cell components (total white blood cells (TWBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet) and inflammatory indices (neutrophil lymphocyte ratio [NLR], lymphocyte monocyte ratio [LMR], platelet lymphocyte ratio [PLR], derived NLR [DNLR], and systemic immune inflammatory index [SII]) in 95 symptomatic hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 45 COVID-19 free controls. These parameters were related to age, sex, and days of admission of the patients. Blood samples obtained were analyzed using hematological autoanalyzer (Sysmex XN-450) and indices calculated. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., USA) version 20.0. The mean platelet count (P = 0.016) and PLR (P = 0.000) were significantly lower while TWBC counts (P = 0.013) were significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared with control. The mean TWBC count (P = 0.030) and SII (P = 0.029) were significantly increased while lymphocyte count (P = 0.015) and LMR (P = 0.026) were significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients at discharge compared with COVID-19 patients at admission. The mean neutrophil count (P = 0.048), PLR (P = 0.015), and SII (P = 0.022) were significantly lower while mean lymphocyte count (P = 0.026) was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients aged <40 years compared with patients aged ?40 years. This study concluded that inflammatory response is a phenomenon in COVID-19 patients especially in patients ?40 years of age and that this inflammation persist till discharge, though gender has no influence on cellular inflammatory indices of COVID-19 patients.

High baseline lymphocyte count is a predictive biomarker of prolonged time to progression in patients with advanced solid tumors receiving checkpoint inhibitors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14532-e14532
Author(s):  
Mariangela Maltese ◽  
Stefano Panni ◽  
Silvia Lazzarelli ◽  
Matteo Brighenti ◽  
Federica Negri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Advanced Solid Tumors ◽  
Time To Progression ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Kaplan Meier

e14532 Background: Biomarkers predicting response to checkpoint inhibitor are needed to better select patients most likely to benefit from treatment. We observed that baseline absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) can predict durable responses to anti-PD-1 antibodies in various malignancies. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with advanced solid tumors treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. Pembrolizumab was given at 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks, Nivolumab at 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Peripheral ALC and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) from routine safety labs were collected at baseline, cycle 4 and cycle 8. Evaluation of response was based on irRECIST. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio [NLR = ANC/ALC] was stratified by ≤4 or > 4. The lymphocyte count cutoff was 1000/mm3. Time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Differences between groups were estimated with the log rank test. Results: We have retrospectively evaluated 40 patients with unresectable stage III/IV Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (squamous n. 17; 42.5%, adenocarcinoma n. 7; 17.5%), Malignant Melanoma (n.11; 27.5%), Renal Cell Carcinoma (n.5; 12.5%) treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. 6 pts (15%) received treatment as 1st line, 14 pts (35%) as 2nd line, 20 pts (15%) as ≥ 3rd line. We observed a 29% partial response (PR), 31% stable disease (SD) and 40% progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 29% [I.C. 95% 13-42]. Median TTP was 5.5 months [IC 95% 3.3-NR]. Median OS was not reached. Pts with baseline ALC ≥1000/mm3 had significantly longer TTP (median value not reached), compared with those who had ALC < 1000/mm3 (median TTP 2.8 months), p = 0.01. There was also a trend for longer TTP in patients with NLR < 4 vs ≥4 (4.9 vs 10.5 months, p 0.44). Conclusions: In our observation baseline ALC ≥1000/mm3 is a predictive biomarker of prolonged TTP in patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. The potential predictive value of this test should be prospectively validated.

Utility of the Absolute Lymphocyte Count and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Survival in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer on Eribulin: A Real-World Observational Study

Chemotherapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Ueno ◽  
Reina Maeda ◽  
Takanori Kin ◽  
Mitsuya Ito ◽  
Kensuke Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Scatter Plot ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Immunological Status

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that the efficacy of eribulin is influenced by the activity of antitumor immunity of patients. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are easily available parameters associated with the immunological status of patients. Objective: Here we tried to classify patients’ immunological status by using the scatter plot of ALC and NLR, and investigated its utility for predicting survival among patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving eribulin. Methods: The medical records of 125 patients who received eribulin for metastatic breast cancer at our hospital between July 2011 and April 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between baseline ALC/NLR and progression-free survival (PFS)/overall survival (OS). The cutoff values for ALC and NLR were determined using scatter plot analysis. Results: The entire cohort was classified into immunologically favorable (ALC ≥1,500/µL, 30 patients), intermediate (ALC <1,500/µL, NLR <5.0, 76 patients), and unfavorable (NLR ≥5.0, 19 patients) groups. Univariate analysis showed significant differences in PFS and OS between the groups, whereas multivariate analysis revealed that ALC ≥1,500/µL and NLR ≥5.0 were independent predictors of PFS, with adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of 0.57 (0.33–0.99) and 1.78 (1.00–3.15), respectively. NLR ≥5.0 was also associated with worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.55; 95% CI 0.35–0.88; p = 0.013). Conclusions: Among patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving eribulin, survival outcomes were well stratified according to baseline peripheral blood ALC and NLR. Accordingly, high ALC and NLR can be used as predictive markers for longer disease control and worse survival, respectively.

Abstract 13352: Decreased Absolute Lymphocyte Count and Increased Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-associated Myocarditis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsofia D Drobni ◽  
Amna Zafar ◽  
Leyre Zubiri ◽  
Daniel Zlotoff ◽  
Raza Alvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Lower Blood

Introduction: Myocarditis due to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is a potentially fatal immune-related adverse event (irAE). Hypothesis: Limited data have suggested an association between baseline and on-treatment absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the development of other irAEs; there are no data characterizing the role of ALC and NLR in ICI-associated myocarditis. Methods: This was a case control study of 55 patients with ICI myocarditis and 55 controls without any post-ICI irAEs. We leveraged clinical testing where patients underwent routine serial blood counts before and with each ICI cycle to compare the baseline and change in ALC and NLR between cases and controls. The association between the change in these parameters with clinical variables and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was also tested. Results: In those who developed myocarditis, there was a decrease in ALC from baseline (1.6 K/μL, IQR 1.1-1.9) to admission (1.1 K/μL, IQR 0.7-1.3, p<0.001, Panel A). Similarly, among those who developed myocarditis, there was an increase in NLR from baseline (3.5, IQR 2.3-5.4) to admission (6.6, IQR 4.5-14.1, p<0.001, Panel B). There was no change in patients treated with an ICI who did not develop myocarditis. Among those who developed myocarditis, a greater decrease in ALC or increase in NLR was associated with a higher heart rate and a lower blood pressure at admission. In follow-up, there were 20 events; larger decreases in ALC or increases in NLR were associated with MACE (Panel C and D). Conclusions: A reduction in ALC and an increase in NLR was seen with ICI myocarditis. A greater decrease in ALC or increase in NLR were associated with subsequent MACE.

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