scholarly journals Effects of different processing methods of Napoleona imperialis (Napoleons Hat) on haematology and serum biochemistry of finisher broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
S. M. O. C. Urom ◽  
U. H. Ukpabi ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
E. B. Abu ◽  
J. O. Nweke
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Alkaline Phosphate ◽  
Broiler Feed

Four weeks feeding trial involving 120 (one hundred and twenty) Fedan finisher broilers was carried out in a completely randomized design. The birds were divided into five treatment groups of 24 birds per treatment, represented as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively, and replicated into 3 of 8 birds per replicate. Water and feed were given ad-libitum.T1 had no Napoleon's hat seed meal and served as the control,T2 had raw NISM ,T3 had 30 minutes boiled NISM,T4 had 60 minutes NISM, while T5 had 90 minutes boiled NISM. The result of the study showed significant differences (p<0.05) in all the parameters measured except Basophil, Monocytes and white blood cell. There were also significant differences among the biochemical parameters beside cholesterol, albumin, alkaline phosphate (ALP) and aspartate T5 10.05, while Aspartate transaminase (AST). Packed cell volume PCV (%) recorded the highest value of 34.35% in Treatment 5 T5) (34.35%), (90 minutes, while the lowest value (33.30) was recorded in T3 33.30, (30 minutes of boiling) Treatment 4 (T4) recorded the highest value of 10.80 g/dL in Hb, while the lowest value was recorded T5 (10.05), while for WBC, the highest value of 248.67 x103/µl was recorded in T3 WBC and lowest value of 244.07 was recorded in T4(60minutes). Urea level reduced with increase in heat treatment, from 4.00 in T4 to 6.70mg/dL in T3, creatinine (mg/dL) and total protein followed the same trend as WBC, from 114.70 in T5 to 145.20 in T4 and 0.20 in T5 to 0.30 in T3, respectively. The result suggests that 10% inclusion of Napoleona imperialis seed meal could be used in broiler feed successful without deleterious.  

scholarly journals Haematological and serum biochemistry of broiler finisher treated with toasted (Mahogany Seed) mealAfzelia africana

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
E. C. Oko ◽  
S. M. O. C. Urom ◽  
K. C. Okorie ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
E. B. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Afzelia Africana ◽  
Phytochemical Components

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Afzelia africana (Mahogany) seed meal on the haematology and serumbiochemistry of broiler finisher. One hundred and twenty (120) four weeks old broilers were assigned to four treatment groups, T (control),T ,T and  T at a level of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% respectively, each treatment group was replicated into 3 of 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Feed and water was given ad- libitum for the period of the experiment (35 days). The result of the study shows reduced level of cholesterol and Total protein as the level of Afzelia africana increases from150gm/100mlto100gm/100 mls and 7.00 to 4.5% respectively, and increase in the levels of the following as the level of Afzelia africana increases, Bicarbonate (HCO3), ALT and ASTfrom 18.5mmol/L to 19.1mmol/L, 16iu/L to 22.1iu/L and 10 to 17.6 iµ/L respectively. Haematological report indicate reduction in the following with increase in Afzelia Africana seed meal, WBC from 4,700x10 /dlto3,500x10 /dl,HBfrom8.9-7.0g/dl, PCV% from 29% to 22%, MCH 18–14 and platelets count from 207, 066 to 13, 300. While there were no changes in the Neutrophil lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes, Basophils and MCHCP. With the above result, the blood chemistry thus indicate evidence of anaemia, this could be as a result of the processing method (toasting only) of Afzelia Africana seed. Afzelia africana, though used by human without negative effect should not be used in birds unless further studies are carried out on the detoxification of the toxic phytochemical components.

Growth performance of weaner rabbits on diets containing varying levels of dried okra leaves (Abelmoschus esculentus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
A. A. Imade ◽  
C. F. I. Onwuka ◽  
V. A. Jegede ◽  
O. Y. Ayo-Ajasa ◽  
B. B. Sarumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The need to seek for alternative feed materials with nutritional and medicinal values to support livestock growth necessitated this study. Forty-five unsexed rabbits crosses (Chinchilla × Newzealand white) 5- 6 weeks old with average weight of 720g were used in a 10- week feeding trial to evaluate the performance of growing rabbits fed on varying levels of dried okra leaves. The rabbits were assigned into five treatment groups containing dried okra leaves (DOL) at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% inclusion levels for dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) respectively. Each treatment consisted of 9 rabbits and replicated thrice with each replicate consisting of 3 rabbits in a completely randomized design. Data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results indicated that daily feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) largest in rabbits fed 5.00% inclusion level of dried okra leaves (84.57g) and least in rabbits fed 0.00% level of inclusion of dried okra leaves (72.12g). Feed efficiency (FE) was poorest (P<0.05) in rabbits fed 10.00% DOL (0.15%) and best (0.20%) in rabbits fed 2.50% dried okra leaves. It was concluded that okra leaves can be included in diets for growing rabbits and 2.50% level of dried okra leaves inclusion is recommended for adoption by farmers to maximize profit.

scholarly journals Blood profile of growing rabbits fed roasted solvent extracted castor seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
A. A. Ogunbode ◽  
O. S. Oladapo ◽  
O. A. Adeniyi ◽  
A. M. Oyetola
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

 Sixteen growing rabbits with mean initial body weight of 750g were used in a feeding trial that lasted 56 days. The animals were randomly allotted into four (4) dietary treatment groups consisting of four (4) animals per group. Each treatment groups was replicated twice with individually housed rabbit per replicate.Thefourdietarytreatmentscontained0,0.5,1.0and 1.5% replacement levels of roasted-solvent extracted castor seedmeal (RSECSM) for soyabean in a completely randomized design experiment. The parameters investigated were haematological and serum indices. At the end of the feeding trial, blood samples were collected from the animals through the heart (left side) for haematology and serum indices. Eight (8) growing rabbits at the rate of two (2) animals per treatment were stunned and sacrificed for the blood collection. Data obtained were subjected to one way analysis of variance. The results show that feeding of RSECSM to growing rabbits did not show any significant (p>0.05) effecton PCV, Hb and RBC while the inclusion of RSECSM at graded dietary level had significant (p<0.05) effect on the WBC, WBC counts and Platelets. The WBC values ranged from 11025.0014900.00 while the values for platelets ranged from 72500.00 – 30500.00 respectively. Among the leukocyte differential counts examined lymphocytes, monocyte and eosinophil were significantly (p  <0.05) different among the dietary treatments, however neutrophil was not significantly (p >0.05) different among the means. The serum indices such as total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine examined were not significantly(p >0.05) affected by the dietary treatment except the cholesterol. The results of this study indicated that 1.5% inclusion levels of RSECSM in the growing rabbit diet affect some haematological parameters while it appears to be the optimum level for serum indices.  

scholarly journals Replacement value of African Bread Fruit Seed Meal (Treculia africana) for Maize on the Performance of Starter Broilers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ahaotu ◽  
A Aturuchi ◽  
A Unagu ◽  
H.O. Uzegbu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Meal ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
African Breadfruit ◽  
Treculia Africana ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

An experiment was conducted to see the effect of parboiled and varying levels of boiled African breadfruit seeds (ABS) fed to starter broilers. The starter broilers were assigned to six treatment groups (control, parboiled, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes boiled ABS) with each of the treatments replicated three times in a completely randomized design (CRD). The diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous (22% CP) and iso-caloric (2700 Kcal/kg ME). Water and feed were offered ad libitum. Results shows that all parameters at the performance of starter broilers fed varying levels of boiled ABS were significantly (P<0.05) different with most of the significant level favouring the treatment T4 which is boiling at 20 minutes. Inclusion of boiled ABS into the diet of starter broilers improved the performance of the birds. It could therefore be concluded that ABS can serve as alternative nutritive source of nutrition in the diet of starter broilers. Keywords: African breadfruit seeds, Maize, Performance,  Starter Broilers, Replacement value.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF FERMENTED SORREL (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) SEED MEAL BY WEANER RABBITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
R. J. Wafar ◽  
M. I. Hannison ◽  
U. Abdullahi ◽  
L. I. Tarimbuka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

A 56-day study was conducted to determine the biochemical composition of fermented sorrel seed meal (FSSM) and its effect on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and internal organ weights of weaner rabbits. Forty (40) weaner rabbits with an average weight of 556.89 ±0.10g were randomly assigned to five treatment groups of 8 rabbits per treatment replicated four times with 2 rabbits per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD) for eight weeks. Five experimental diets were compounded using FSSM at   0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% inclusion levels.  The levels of inclusion were designated as Diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively.  The results of the growth performance were not significant (P>0.05). The result also showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in carcass characteristics and internal organ weights. It was therefore concluded that fermented sorrel seed meal can be included in weaner rabbit diets up to 40% level. Wafar, R. J. | Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

scholarly journals Response of finisher broiler birds fed graded levels of yam peel meal as an energy source in maize-based diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Ukonu ◽  
A. U. C. Ohanaka ◽  
H. O. Uzegbu ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
T. C. Oduehie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this experiment is to determine the response of finisher broiler birds to graded  levels of yam peel meal as an energy source to place of maize. One hundred and twenty four weeks old Marshal broiler birds were used in a 28 day feeding trial to evaluate the growth performance of the broilers. The birds were assigned into four treatment groups of 30 birds each, which were further replicated in triplicate of 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). Four experimental diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15% inclusion of YPM were formulated and offered to birds during the study. At the end of the experiment, results obtained showed no treatment effect (p>0.05) in growth performance. Birds on YPM based diets recorded similar growth performance with the control suggesting that YPM had positive effect on the experimental birds.

scholarly journals Growth response of rabbits fed graded levels of processed and undehulled sunflower seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
W. O. Biobaku ◽  
E. O. Dosumu
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The effects of processed and undehulled sunflower seed (PUSS) as feed supplement, on the performance of growing rabbits was studied. The eight weeks feeding trial involving twenty four, six weeks old male and female New Zealand white rabbits weighing 600-650g in a completely randomized design were fed three diets containing 0% (control), 10% and 20% processed and undehulled sunflower seeds. The processed and undehulled sunflower seed was high in both fat and fibre levels (25.42 and 29.82%) respectively but low in both protein and nitrogen free extract (17.92 and 16.48%) respectively. The 10% level of inclusion of PUSS in the diet gave significantly (P<0.05) better weight gains than the 20% PUSS. Feed efficiency and protein efficiency were similar for the control and 10% PUSS supplements, which were both superior (P<0.05) to the 20% PUSS diet. There was no incidence of enteritis or mortality among the treatment groups.

Haematological and serum biochemical indices of growing rabbits fed graded levels of Yam peel meal as replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
I. B. Amaza ◽  
A. Maidala ◽  
C. E. Isidahomen
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Haematological and serum biochemical parameters are indicators of physiological, nutritional and pathological status of animals. Investigation of these parameters provide information for diagnostic purposes. The study was conducted to determine the influence of feeding graded levels of yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize on haematology; blood chemistry was evaluated in rabbits. Thirty- six (New Zealand white X Chinchilla) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with nine rabbits per treatment. The rabbits were fed diets containing 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% of Yam peel meal (YPM) as a replacement for maize, designated as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The experimental diets and clean drinking water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period of nine weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, three rabbits per treatment were randomly selected for hematological and serum biochemical analysis. All the haematological and serum biochemical indices except AST were affected (P<0.05) by dietary inclusion of YPM. Although most of the parameters investigated were affected by rabbits fed test ingredient, the values fell within the normal literature reference values for rabbits. It can therefore be concluded that up to 37.5% inclusion level of YPM can be fed to growing rabbits without deleterious effects on health status.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ekstrak Rebusan Daun Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Rinawati Rinawati ◽  
E Suharyanto ◽  
Nastiti Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Adult Leaf ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Tithonia diversifolia is a plant that has the potential to reduce blood glucose levels that is crucial in Diabetes Mellitus therapy. This study aims to determine the active compounds contained in the extract of T. diversifolia leaves decoction, the effect of decoction extract on the reduction of blood glucose, and the most effective decoction extract to reduce blood glucose levels as well. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the research treatment groups, namely: Kn = normal control (normal mice and not given leaves decoction extract), Ka = STZ control (DM mice, which are normal mice induced by 65mg/Kg of STZ), Kp = treatment control (normal mice given leaf decoction extract) , P1 = DM + mice were given young leaf decoction extract, P2 = DM + mice were given a mixture of young leaf and adult leaf decoction extract, P3 = DM + mice were given adult leaf decoction extract. The leaves used for decoction were 1-6 leaves from the shoots. The analysis of T. diversifolia leaves decoction compounds is using the visible spectrophotometers for tannins, phenols and flavonoids and GC-MS for terpenoid analysis. The result found that Tithonia diversifolia leaves decoction extracts contain tannins, flavonoids and phenols, while terpenoids are not detected. The leaves decoction extracts of T. diversifolia influenced the decreases in blood glucose levels of DM mice, especially the decoction extract of adult leaves which reduced blood glucose levels to 71.16%.

scholarly journals Methionine plus cystine requirements for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization with tambaqui of different body weights

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neliane Galvão Porto ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Rafael Silva Marchão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Amino Acid Requirement ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Methionine is an essential amino acid, and generally, the first limiting one in the diets of tambaqui, the main native fish produced in continental aquaculture in South America. However, there is a lack of information on their amino acid requirement, especially for maintenance and efficiency of utilization. The present study aimed to determine the requirement of [methionine plus cystine] for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization using tambaqui of different body weights. Two experiments were carried out using 250 tambaqui with weights of 100 and 300 g. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatment groups (0.264, 0.396, 0.528, and 0.660% of digestible [Met + Cys]), five replications. The control treatment (CT) was performed with the addition of methionine at the first level (0.264%) until the second level was reached (0.396%). The maintenance requirement was determined by the regression analysis between the consumption of [Met + Cys] and protein retention equal to zero. The efficiency was determined using the value of the slope coefficient of the line obtained by the linear regression. The protein and methionine retention values of tambaqui weighing 100 to 300 g were compared by the parallelism test, and no difference was observed between the parameters of the equations indicating the need for only one equation to describe the responses to body weights. The requirement of digestible [Met + Cys] for the maintenance of tambaqui with weights from 100 to 300 g was 60.47 mg kg-0.7 day-1 and the efficiency of utilization of 42%.

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