scholarly journals Complex treatment of acute respiratory viral infections with bacterial exacerbation in preschool children

Author(s):  
Е.Н. Ермакова ◽  
А.Н. Шувалов ◽  
О.В. Паршина ◽  
Т.С. Гусева ◽  
Г.С. Брагина

Представлены результаты проспективного сравнительного клинического исследования эффективности и безопасности применения ректальных суппозиториев, содержащих рекомбинантный интерферон альфа-2b в сочетании с антиоксидантами – витаминами Е и С, в комплексной терапии острых респираторных вирусных инфекций среднетяжелого и тяжелого течения с бактериальными осложнениями (пневмония, бронхит, синусит, отит, фаринготонзиллит). Обследованы 60 детей от 1 месяца до 6 лет из II-IV групп здоровья, которые были госпитализированы не позднее третьих (80%) и пятых-шестых (20% больных) суток с момента начала острой респираторно-вирусной инфекции. Из них пациенты с патологией нижних дыхательных путей составили 68,3%; внебольничная пневмония, ассоциированная с ОРВИ, в половине случаев (55,6% и 66,6% соответственно) протекала с синдромом бронхиальной обструкции. Терапевтическая эффективность применения рекомбинантного интерферона альфа-2b в сочетании с антиоксидантами – витаминами Е и С по 150 000 МЕ 2 раза в сутки с интервалом 12 часов в течение 5 дней на фоне стандартной терапии основного заболевания у детей с бактериальными осложнениями острой респираторно-вирусной инфекции проявлялась в виде значимых различий по показателю синдрома бронхиальной обструкции начиная с первого дня терапии и значимого уменьшения симптома кашля и суммарного балла основных клинических симптомов заболевания к четвертому дню терапии по сравнению с группой пациентов, получавших только стандартную терапию респираторного заболевания. В связи с тем, что средняя длительность острой респираторно-вирусной инфекции с осложнениями составила 8 койко-дней (7,8 ± 2,37 и 8,77 ± 2,6 койко-дня соответственно), получение значимо лучших результатов в группе пациентов, применявших рекомбинантный интерферон альфа-2b в сочетании с антиоксидантами – витаминами Е и С, доказывает эффективность данной лечебной схемы терапии. The article presents the results of a prospective comparative clinical study of the efficacy and safety of rectal suppositories containing recombinant interferon alfa-2b in combination with antioxidants vitamins E and C in the complex therapy of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) with moderate and severe course with bacterial complications (pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngotonsillitis). The research examined 60 children at the age of 1 month to 6 years from II-IV health status groups, which were hospitalized not later than 3 days after coming down with ARVI (80% of patients) or 5-6 days after coming down with ARVI (20% of patients). 68,3% of patients came with lower respiratory tract impairment; the ARVI-associated community-acquired pneumonia in half the cases (55,6% and 66,6%, respectively) proceeded with bronchial obstruction syndrome. Results: the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant interferon alfa-2b in combination with antioxidants E and C 150 000 ME administration 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours for 5 days, with underlying routine treatment of primary disease in children with bacterial exacerbation of ARVI, manifested itself in significant difference in bronchial obstruction syndrome indicator starting from the 1st day of treatment, and in significant decrease of cough syndrome and main clinical syndromes total score by the 4th day of treatment, compared to the group of patients treated with a standard ARVI therapy. Due to the fact that the average duration of ARVI disease with complications was 8 bed days (7,80 + 2,37 bed days and 8,77 + 2,60, respectively), the presence of significantly better results in the group of patients who used recombinant interferon alpha-2b in combination with antioxidants vitamins E and C shows the effectiveness of this treatment regimen.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
V. V. Malinovskaya ◽  
I. G. Mosyagin ◽  
I. V. Korzhov

Conducting preventive medical and epidemiological measures for influenza and ARVI in closed military units, including on ships, vessels and auxiliary units of the Navy, is a factor of increasing the combat effectiveness of forces of the Russian Army. In the structure of total morbidity of military personnel, acute respiratory viral infections account for 35–50%, however, during the young military reinforcement, the incidence of these infections in combination with community-acquired pneumonia can reach 70–80%. The risk of exceeding the epidemiological threshold for respiratory tract infections, the etiological basis of which is viral aggression, is especially important in newly formed military contingents, for units participating in local military conflicts and peacekeeping operations, as well as with a new recruitment of cadets at training centers. The use of non-specific antiviral drugs based on exogenous recombinant interferon -2b is one of the conditions for adequate prevention of influenza and ARVI in closed military units. The paper presents the results from the analysis of publications on the effectiveness and Viferon® safety in the treatment of influenza and ARVI. Viferon is a preparation of recombinant human interferon -2b with a complex of antioxidants in various dosage forms, used in the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza. Use of Viferon in various dosage forms is a reliable method of prevention and treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in military forces, including on ships, vessels and auxiliary units of the Navy, at risk of emergency epidemiological situations due to ARVI and influenza, in conditions of limited contingent.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
L.V. Posiseeva ◽  
◽  
D.S. Kuksa ◽  
◽  

This paper addresses the main issues related to the incidence of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections (ARVI), including influenza and COVID-19, in pregnant women, the impact of these infections on the pregnancy course, fetal and newborn health. Risk factors for ARVI complications have been determined, taking into account the pregnancy term, the woman’s age and concomitant somatic diseases. A special attention was given to the specific (vaccination) and nonspecific ARVI prevention (the use of recombinant interferon alpha-2b, the medicine Grippferon) during the pregnancy preparation stage not only for the expectant mother, but also for all her family members. The results of the effective use of the interferon-based medicine Grippferon for the prevention and treatment of ARVI during pregnancy are provided. This medicine helps to reduce the frequency of ARVI-related pregnancy complications and perinatal pathology. Keywords: acute respiratory viral infections, pathogens, pregnancy, risk factors, prevention, interferon-based medicines, Grippferon


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
O. V. Shamsheva ◽  
E. V. Novosad ◽  
I. V. Polesko ◽  
V. F. Uchaykin ◽  
V. V. Malinovskaya ◽  
...  

The review article presents the results of numerous studies on the effectiveness and safety of the newly developed forms of the human recombinant interferon alpha- 2b drug, ointment and gel, intended for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in children. Еxternal forms of the drug retain immunomodulatory, antiviral and antiproliferative effects. The dosage form of the preparation of interferon alpha-2b VIFERON® in the form of a gel or ointment allows to achieve a prolonged action due to good absorption, especially the gel, which increases its effectiveness, and also has a moisturizing effect and rarely causes allergies. All of the above properties justify the inclusion of the drug interferon alpha-2b VIFERON® in the form of a gel or ointment in the complex treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in children.


Author(s):  
Е.Е. Краснова ◽  
В.В. Чемоданов ◽  
Е.Г. Кузнецова

Пневмония – острое инфекционно-воспалительное заболевание легких преимущественно бактериальной этиологии, характеризующееся выраженной в разной степени дыхательной недостаточностью, токсическими и респираторными нарушениями, локальными физикальными симптомами, а также инфильтративными изменениями на рентгенограмме. Заболеваемость внебольничными пневмониями повышается в октябре-декабре, достигая максимума в январе-апреле, коррелируя с сезонным повышением уровня острых респираторных вирусных инфекций. Схожесть симптомов дебюта пневмонии с проявлениями острых респираторных вирусных инфекций может привести к несвоевременной ее диагностике и, как следствие, к отсроченному началу лечения. Поэтому в период сезонной заболеваемости респираторными инфекциями должна повышаться настороженность врачей-педиатров в отношении внебольничной пневмонии. Антибактериальная терапия оказывает решающее влияние на прогноз пневмонии, поэтому при достоверном диагнозе или у больного в тяжелом состоянии с вероятным диагнозом ее следует начать незамедлительно. Выбор антибиотика в каждом случае внебольничной пневмонии проводят индивидуально с учетом природной активности препаратов в отношении предполагаемого возбудителя и их возможной приобретенной резистентности, тяжести и течения заболевания, наличия у пациента противопоказаний к использованию тех или иных антибиотиков. В статье приводятся сведения о диагностических критериях внебольничных пневмоний. Рассмотрены вопросы антибактериального лечения типичной нетяжелой пневмонии у детей разных возрастных групп амоксициллином с клавулановой кислотой и показана его эффективность. Результаты проведенного исследования позволяют заключить, что пероральное использование одного курса защищенного аминопенициллина эффективно при лечении типичной внебольничной нетяжелой пневмонии у детей разного возраста, о чем свидетельствует ликвидация основных клинических проявлений болезни в короткие сроки. Pneumonia is an acute infectious and inflammatory lung disease of predominantly bacterial etiology, characterized by respiratory failure, toxic and respiratory disorders, local physical symptoms, and infiltrative changes on the roentgenogram. The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia increases in October-December, reaching a maximum in January-April, correlating with the seasonal increase in the level of acute respiratory viral infections. The similarity of the symptoms of the onset of pneumonia with the manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections can lead to its untimely diagnosis and, as a consequence, to a delayed start of treatment. Therefore, during the period of seasonal morbidity with respiratory infections, the alertness of pediatricians in relation to community-acquired pneumonia should increase. Antibiotic therapy has a decisive influence on the prognosis of pneumonia, therefore, with a reliable diagnosis or in a patient in serious condition with a probable diagnosis, it should be started immediately. The choice of antibiotic in each case of community-acquired pneumonia is carried out individually, taking into account the natural activity of the drugs in relation to the alleged pathogen and their possible acquired resistance, the severity and course of the disease, the patient's contraindications to the use of certain antibiotics. The article provides information on the diagnostic criteria for community-acquired pneumonia. The issues of antibacterial treatment of typical non-severe pneumonia in children of different age groups with amoxicillin with clavulanic acid are considered and its effectiveness is shown. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the oral use of one course of protected aminopenicillin is effective in the treatment of typical community-acquired non-severe pneumonia in children of different ages, as evidenced by the elimination of the main clinical manifestations of the disease in a short time.


2021 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
N. D. Yushchuk ◽  
I. V. Maev ◽  
A. L. Vertkin

According to the who, the share of acute respiratory viral infections (амма? and influenza) accounts for about 90–95% of all infectious diseases; in russia, influenza and arvi take up to 40% of the total duration of official disability, which determines the significance of this pathology. At the same time, the primary contact of the overwhelming majority of patients with suspected arvi and influenza occurs with a therapist or general practitioner of polyclinics. The proposed consensus of experts is intended to systematize the known approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and secondary prevention of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and community-acquired pneumonia for their use at outpatient clinics. The schemes of using interferon therapy for arvi and influenza are considered in detail.


1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
G. R. Khasanova ◽  
V. A. Anokhin ◽  
R. A. Urazaev ◽  
M. Yu. Yakovlev

As many as 101 patients with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) aged 3 months to 3 years are examined, of these in 51 patients the disease going with bronchoobstructive syndrome. According to the level of antiendotoxinal antibodies, plasma endotoxin and that connected by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, it is established that the acute period of acute respiratory viral infections with bronchoobstructive syndrome goes in the presence of pronounced cellularly connected endotoxinemy. The exact dependence is revealed between plasma endotoxin content and pronounced physical variations in respiratory organs in this form of the disease. Viral and bacterial nature of respiratory infections in children is confirmed by the assessment of the level of antiviral and antiendotoxinal antobodies. The data obtained allow suggesting the possible participation of endotoxin in genesis of bronchial obstruction in acute respiratory viral infections.


Pharmateca ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1_2020 ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
L.V. Osidak Osidak ◽  
O.I. Afanasyeva Afanasyeva ◽  
E.G. Golovacheva Golovacheva ◽  
V.V. Gonchar Gonchar ◽  
M.M. Pisareva Pisareva ◽  
...  

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