scholarly journals Impact of a tsunami generated at the Lesser Antilles subduction zone on the Northern Atlantic Ocean coastlines

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
J. Roger ◽  
A. Frère ◽  
H. Hébert
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Grand Banks ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Evacuation Plans ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Northern Atlantic Ocean

Abstract. On 11 March 2011, a Mw ~ 9.0 megathrust earthquake occurred off the coast of Tohoku, triggering a catastrophic tsunami reaching heights of 10 m and more in some places and resulting in lots of casualties and destructions. It is one of a handful of catastrophic tsunamis having occurred during the last decade, following the 2004 Indonesian tsunami, and leading to the preparation of tsunami warning systems and evacuation plans all around the world. In the Atlantic Ocean, which has been struck by two certified transoceanic tsunamis over the past centuries (the 1755 "Lisbon" and 1929 Grand Banks events), a warning system is also under discussion, especially for what concerns potential tsunamigenic sources off Iberian Peninsula. In addition, the Lesser Antilles subduction zone is also potentially able to generate powerful megathrust ruptures as the 8 February 1843 Mw ~ 8.0/8.5 earthquake, that could trigger devastating tsunamis propagating across the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The question is in which conditions these tsunamis could be able to reach the Oceanic Islands as well as the eastern shores of the Atlantic Ocean, and what could be the estimated times to react and wave heights to expect? This paper attempts to answer those questions through the use of numerical modelings and recent research results about the Lesser Antilles ability to produce megathrust earthquakes.

The first Tertiary (Paleocene) marine mollusks from the Eureka Sound Group, Ellesmere Island, Canada

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louie Marincovich ◽  
William J. Zinsmeister
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Marine Mollusks ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Northern Alaska ◽  
Northern Atlantic Ocean

The gastropod Drepanochilus pervetus (Stanton) and the bivalve Cytrodaria rutupiensis (Morris) occur in the Mount Moore Formation at Strathcona Fiord, west-central Ellesmere Island, northern Canada. They are the first marine mollusks identified from the Eureka Sound Group of the Canadian arctic islands. These mollusks correlate with Paleocene faunas of the Cannonball Formation of North Dakota and South Dakota, the Prince Creek Formation of northern Alaska, the Barentsburg Formation of Svalbard, and the Thanet and Oldhaven Formations of southeastern England. These occurrences imply that the earliest Tertiary Arctic Ocean molluscan fauna was compositionally distinct from coeval faunas of the northern Atlantic Ocean.

Arctic meteorological operations and counter-operations during world War II

Polar Record ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (135) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Selinger ◽  
Alexander Glen
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Free Access ◽  
World War ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Northern Atlantic Ocean

By autumn 1940 the first round of fighting in World War II was over. In northern Europe, German forces occupied Poland, Norway and Denmark. Both sides recognized that further operations demanded naval and air superiority in northern waters. Germany needed free access to the Atlantic Ocean through the North Sea; Britain had to prevent that access, which threatened the lifeline to the United States. More than ever before, it became essential for both sides to have meteorological information from the northern Atlantic Ocean area. Germany's need was especially acute, for the routes for her shipping from ports in Scandinavia traversed enemy-patrolled waters, where foul weather was essential for evasion.

scholarly journals Lagrangian Eddy Scales in the Northern Atlantic Ocean

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2425-2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Lumpkin ◽  
Anne-Marie Treguier ◽  
Kevin Speer
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Eddy Field ◽  
Northern Atlantic Ocean

Abstract Eddy time and length scales are calculated from surface drifter and subsurface float observations in the northern Atlantic Ocean. Outside the energetic Gulf Stream, subsurface timescales are relatively constant at depths from 700 m to 2000 m. Length scale and the characteristic eddy speed decrease with increasing depth below 700 m, but length scale stays relatively constant in the upper several hundred meters of the Gulf Stream. It is suggested that this behavior is due to the Lagrangian sampling of the mesoscale field, in limits set by the Eulerian eddy scales and the eddy kinetic energy. In high-energy regions of the surface and near-surface North Atlantic, the eddy field is in the “frozen field” Lagrangian sampling regime for which the Lagrangian and Eulerian length scales are proportional. However, throughout much of the deep ocean interior, the eddy field may be in the “fixed float” regime for which the Lagrangian and Eulerian timescales are nearly equal. This does not necessarily imply that the deep interior is nearly linear, as fixed-float sampling is possible in a flow field of O(1) nonlinearity.

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