scholarly journals Chemical characterization of the Punta de Fuencaliente CO<sub>2</sub>-enriched system (La Palma, NE Atlantic Ocean): a new natural laboratory for ocean acidification studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1673-1687
Author(s):  
Sara González-Delgado ◽  
David González-Santana ◽  
Magdalena Santana-Casiano ◽  
Melchor González-Dávila ◽  
Celso A. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Seawater Chemistry ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Ne Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. We present a new natural carbon dioxide (CO2) system located off the southern coast of the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). Like CO2 seeps, these CO2 submarine groundwater discharges (SGDs) can be used as an analogue to study the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the marine realm. With this aim, we present the chemical characterization of the area, describing the carbon system dynamics, by measuring pH, AT and CT and calculating Ω aragonite and calcite. Our explorations of the area have found several emission points with similar chemical features. Here, the CT varies from 2120.10 to 10 784.84 µmol kg−1, AT from 2415.20 to 10 817.12 µmol kg−1, pH from 7.12 to 8.07, Ω aragonite from 0.71 to 4.15 and Ω calcite from 1.09 to 6.49 units. Also, the CO2 emission flux varies between 2.8 and 28 kg CO2 d−1, becoming a significant source of carbon. These CO2 emissions, which are of volcanic origin, acidify the brackish groundwater that is discharged to the coast and alter the local seawater chemistry. Although this kind of acidified system is not a perfect image of future oceans, this area of La Palma is an exceptional spot to perform studies aimed at understanding the effect of different levels of OA on the functioning of marine ecosystems. These studies can then be used to comprehend how life has persisted through past eras, with higher atmospheric CO2, or to predict the consequences of present fossil fuel usage on the marine ecosystem of the future oceans.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of Punta de Fuencaliente CO<sub>2</sub> seeps system (La Palma Island, NE Atlantic Ocean): a new natural laboratory for ocean acidification studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara González-Delgado ◽  
David González-Santana ◽  
Magdalena Santana-Casiano ◽  
Melchor González-Dávila ◽  
Celso A. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Ne Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. We present a new natural carbon dioxide (CO2) system located off the southern coast of La Palma Island (Canary Islands, Spain). Like others CO2 seeps, these seeps can be used as an analogue to study the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the marine realm. With this aim, we present an accurate chemical characterization of the seeps system carbon emissions, describing the carbon system dynamics, by measuring pH, AT and CT, as well as, Ω aragonite and calcite. Our explorations on the area have found several emission points with similar chemical features. Here, the CO2 emission flux varies between 2.8 kg CO2 d−1 to 28 kg CO2 d−1, becoming a significant source of carbon. CO2 seeps are of volcanic origin and the alteration of local ocean chemistry is due to acid brackish water discharges. Although this kind of acidified system is not a perfect image of future oceans, this area of La Palma island is an exceptional spot to perform studies aimed to understand the effect of different levels of OA on the functioning of marine ecosystems. These studies can then be used to comprehend how life has persisted through past Eras, with higher atmospheric CO2, or to predict the consequences of present fossil fuel usage on the marine ecosystem of the future oceans.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW ACIDIFIED REGION TO STUDY OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IN SUBTROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara González-Delgado ◽  
J. Magdalena Casiano ◽  
MELCHOR GONZALEZ-DAVILA ◽  
David González-Santana ◽  
Celso Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Chemical Characterization

scholarly journals Vino de Tea (pine heartwood wine) from La Palma (Spain): ethnographic and physic-chemical characterization of a unique fermented product

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Alonso González ◽  
Eva Parga-Dans
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Fermented Product ◽  
Mixed Approach

Abstract This paper presents the results of a novel study of Vino de Tea (pine heartwood wine) from the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). The aim is to investigate its differential characteristics and contribute to typifying it within the Denomination of Origin ‘Wines of La Palma’. The analysis is based on a mixed approach combining a qualitative ethnographic approach (22 interviews) and quantitative physic-chemical methods in a sample of 16 wines. The ethnographical study revealed the tradition and techniques of elaboration behind Vino de Tea. In turn, the physic-chemical analysis revealed by chromatography a significant presence of α-terpineol due to elaboration in pine barrels or casks. These samples were compared with a Greek Retsina wine, revealing the differences between these two traditional wines. These data suggest that Vino de Tea is a unique product with distinctive characteristics and potential health benefits, owing to its significant content of α-terpineol resulting from its fermentation in Canary pine casks.

scholarly journals Inter- and intra-specific responses of coccolithophores to CO<sub>2</sub>-induced ocean acidification

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 675-706
Author(s):  
D. S. Wang ◽  
D. Xu ◽  
X. Fan ◽  
N. H. Ye ◽  
W. Q. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Seawater Chemistry ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Rate ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the seawater chemistry of the world's oceans with consequences for marine bioregions, especially calcareous organisms such as corals, foraminifera and coccolithophores. The coccolithophores, one of the most abundant and widespread groups of calcifying plankton, are responsible for a large proportion of modern oceanic carbonate production. However, culture experiments examining the response of coccolithophores to elevated CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) have mostly been based on investigations of a single strain and have yielded contradictory results from different experiments between and even within species. Here, four strains of the coccolithophores Emiliania huxleyi (E. huxleyi) and Gephyrocapsa oceanica (G. oceanica), which contained separately naked and calcifying strains, were investigated simultaneously for the first time in a bubbling batch culture at four CO2 grades ranging from approximately 380 to 2000 μatm. We synchronously determined multiple physiological parameters of four coccolithophore strains involving growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen uptake, elemental compositions and calcification efficiency in the process of cultivation. The results did not show a uniform response from different strains to elevated pCO2 up to 2000 μatm, and the naked strain E. huxleyi (N-E) was seriously suppressed, in sharp contrast to the positive response of the different levels of the other three algae. In addition, we fitted nitrogen uptake rate response curves relative to changing pCO2 for the four strains and applied kinetic constants from the response curves to further analyze the hypostatic difference among different strains, which reflected the same variational trend of the four stains above vs. increasing CO2. We determined that the responses of coccolithophores to ocean acidification are inter- and intra-specific, and this variation may cause changes to biodiversity and other ecosystem processes in the future ocean.

scholarly journals Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria J. Fabry ◽  
Brad A. Seibel ◽  
Richard A. Feely ◽  
James C. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Seawater Chemistry ◽  
Oxygen Transport Capacity ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract Fabry, V. J., Seibel, B. A., Feely, R. A., and Orr, J. C. 2008. Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 414–432. Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the seawater chemistry of the world’s oceans with consequences for marine biota. Elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is causing the calcium carbonate saturation horizon to shoal in many regions, particularly in high latitudes and regions that intersect with pronounced hypoxic zones. The ability of marine animals, most importantly pteropod molluscs, foraminifera, and some benthic invertebrates, to produce calcareous skeletal structures is directly affected by seawater CO2 chemistry. CO2 influences the physiology of marine organisms as well through acid-base imbalance and reduced oxygen transport capacity. The few studies at relevant pCO2 levels impede our ability to predict future impacts on foodweb dynamics and other ecosystem processes. Here we present new observations, review available data, and identify priorities for future research, based on regions, ecosystems, taxa, and physiological processes believed to be most vulnerable to ocean acidification. We conclude that ocean acidification and the synergistic impacts of other anthropogenic stressors provide great potential for widespread changes to marine ecosystems.

Olfactory and Chemical Characterization of Indoor Air-Towards a Psychophysical Model for Air Quality

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Berglund ◽  
Ulf Berglund ◽  
Thomas Lindvall ◽  
Helene Nicander-Bredberg
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Chemical Characterization

PURIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP NEUROPHYSIN

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Chrétien ◽  
Claude Gilardeau
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Determination ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Partial Chemical ◽  
Acid Determination

ABSTRACT A protein isolated from ovine pituitary glands has been purified, and its homogeneity assessed by NH2- and COOH-terminal amino acid determination, ultracentrifugation studies, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after carboxymethylation. Its chemical and immunochemical properties are closely similar to those of beef and pork neurophysins, less similar to those of human neurophysins. It contains no tryptophan (like other neurophysins) or histidine (like all except bovine neurophysin-I and human neurophysins). It has alanine at the NH2-terminus and valine at the COOH-terminus. Its amino acid composition is similar to, but not identical with those of porcine and bovine neurophysins.

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