scholarly journals Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2127-2158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Kwak ◽  
S. H. Lee ◽  
H. J. Park ◽  
E. J. Choy ◽  
H. D. Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Ulleung Basin ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Annual Primary Production

Abstract. The Ulleung Basin (UB), located in the southwestern part of the East/Japan Sea (EJS), is considered having an unusually high productivity for a~deep basin. Recently changes have been reported in physical, chemical, and in biological properties. Here we measured the primary and new productivities in the UB using a 13C-15N dual isotope tracer technique. Measurements took place every month for the first time throughout a year for a~better estimate of the annual primary production in the EJS. Temporal variations of temperature, salinity and density (σt) in the study area were highly seasonal as expected for an ocean in the temperate zone. Nutrient distributions reflected these seasonal fluctuations in the vertical structure of the water column. Diatoms were in general the most dominant phytoplankton ranging from 15.5 to 82.2% with an average of 42.0% (S.D. = ± 9.9%). Based on those average daily productivities from our monthly measurements, the annual primary, new, and regenerated production in the UB were 273.0 g C m−2 yr−1, 62.6 g N m−2 yr−1, and 48.7 g N m−2 yr−1, respectively. Our estimated high f-ratio (0.59) in the UB, indicated that the predominant nitrogen source for primary production was nitrate. This is comparable with the nitrogen source in a productive coastal-upwelling region. New carbon production by phytoplankton is estimated as 212.8 g C m−2 yr−1 (S.D. = ± 9.7 g C m−2 yr−1) which indicates that a large portion (78%) of total annual primary production might potentially be exported from the diatom-dominated euphotic zone to a deeper zone in the UB. Further intense integrated field observations will be necessary to improve our understanding of the current marine ecosystem in the UB as an important biological production area in the EJS.

scholarly journals Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 4405-4417 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Kwak ◽  
S. H. Lee ◽  
H. J. Park ◽  
E. J. Choy ◽  
H. D. Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Ulleung Basin ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Annual Primary Production

Abstract. The Ulleung Basin (UB), located in the southwestern part of the East/Japan Sea (EJS), is considered having an unusually high productivity for a deep basin. Recently changes have been reported in physical, chemical, and biological properties. Here we measured the primary and new productivities in the UB using a 13C-15N dual isotope tracer technique. Measurements took place every month for the first time throughout a year for a better estimate of the annual primary production in the EJS. Temporal variations of temperature, salinity, and density (σt) in the study area were highly seasonal as expected for an ocean in the temperate zone. Nutrient distributions reflected these seasonal fluctuations in the vertical structure of the water column. Diatoms were in general the most dominant phytoplankton ranging from 15.5 to 82.2% with an average of 42.0% (S.D. = ±9.9%). Based on those average daily productivities from our monthly measurements, the annual primary, new, and regenerated production in the UB were 273.0 g C m−2 yr−1, 62.6 g N m−2 yr−1, and 48.7 g N m−2 yr−1, respectively. Our estimated high f ratio (0.59) in the UB, indicated that the predominant nitrogen source for primary production was nitrate. This is comparable with the nitrogen source in a productive coastal-upwelling region. New carbon production by phytoplankton is estimated as 145.6 g C m−2 yr−1 (S.D. = ±40.8 g C m−2 yr−1) which indicates that a large portion (53.9%) of the total annual primary production might potentially be exported from the diatom-dominated euphotic zone to a deeper zone in the UB. Further intense integrated field observations will be necessary to improve our understanding of the current marine ecosystem in the UB as an important biological production area in the EJS.

scholarly journals Long-term annual primary production in the Ulleung Basin as a biological hot spot in the East/Japan Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 3002-3011 ◽  
Author(s):  
HuiTae Joo ◽  
Jung Woo Park ◽  
SeungHyun Son ◽  
Jae-Hoon Noh ◽  
Jin-Yong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Ulleung Basin ◽  
Annual Primary Production

scholarly journals Phytoplankton blooms on the western shelf of Tasmania: evidence of a highly productive ecosystem

Ocean Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kämpf
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Phytoplankton Blooms ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Upwelling System ◽  
Fluorescence Line

Abstract. Satellite-derived chlorophyll a data using the standard NASA-OC3 (ocean colour) algorithm are strongly biased by coloured dissolved organic matter and suspended sediment of river discharges, which is a particular problem for the western Tasmanian shelf. This work reconstructs phytoplankton blooms in the study region using a quadratic regression between OC3 data and chlorophyll fluorescence based on the fluorescence line height (FLH) data. This regression is derived from satellite data of the nearby Bonney upwelling region, which is devoid of river influences. To this end, analyses of 10 years of MODIS-aqua satellite data reveal the existence of a highly productive ecosystem on the western Tasmanian shelf. The region normally experiences two phytoplankton blooms per annum. The first bloom occurs during late austral summer months as a consequence of upwelling-favourable coastal winds. Hence, the western Tasmanian shelf forms a previously unknown upwelling centre of the regional upwelling system, known as Great South Australian Coastal Upwelling System. The second phytoplankton bloom is a classical spring bloom also developing in the adjacent Tasman Sea. The author postulates that this region forms another important biological hot spot for the regional marine ecosystem.

An observation of primary production enhanced by coastal upwelling in the southwest East/Japan Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Doshik Hahm ◽  
Tae Siek Rhee ◽  
Hyun-Cheol Kim ◽  
Chan Joo Jang ◽  
Yong Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Japan Sea

scholarly journals Tight coupling of primary production and marine mammal reproduction in the Southern Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1806) ◽  
pp. 20143137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Terrill Paterson ◽  
Jay J. Rotella ◽  
Kevin R. Arrigo ◽  
Robert A. Garrott
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Annual Primary Production

Polynyas are areas of open water surrounded by sea ice and are important sources of primary production in high-latitude marine ecosystems. The magnitude of annual primary production in polynyas is controlled by the amount of exposure to solar radiation and sensitivity to changes in sea-ice extent. The degree of coupling between primary production and production by upper trophic-level consumers in these environments is not well understood, which prevents reliable predictions about population trajectories for species at higher trophic levels under potential future climate scenarios. In this study, we find a strong, positive relationship between annual primary production in an Antarctic polynya and pup production by ice-dependent Weddell seals. The timing of the relationship suggests reproductive effort increases to take advantage of high primary production occurring in the months after the birth pulse. Though the proximate causal mechanism is unknown, our results indicate tight coupling between organisms at disparate trophic levels on a short timescale, deepen our understanding of marine ecosystem processes, and raise interesting questions about why such coupling exists and what implications it has for understanding high-latitude ecosystems.

ATMOSPHERIC N DEPOSITION TO THE COASTAL AREA OF THE BLACK SEA: SOURCES, INTRA-ANNUAL VARIATIONS AND IMPORTANCE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SURFACE LAYER

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
Sergey Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Local Source ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Urban Location

Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of marine ecosystem. Jickells [1] has published that atmospheric depositions can sup-port 5-25% of nitrogen required to primary production. Bulk atmospheric precipitations have been collected in a rural location at the Black Sea Crimean coast – Katsiveli settlement, and an urban location – Sevastopol city. Samples have been analyzed for inorganic fixed nitrogen (IFN) – nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Deposi-tions have been calculated at various space and time scales. The monthly volume weighted mean concentration of IFN increases from summer to winter in both locations. A significant local source of IFN has been revealed for the urban location and this source and its spatial influence have been quantified. IFN deposition with atmospheric precipitations is up to 5% of its background content in the upper 10 m layer of water at the north-western shelf of the Black Sea. Considering Redfield C:N ratio (106:16) and the rate of primary production (PP) in coastal areas of the Black Sea of about 100-130 g C m-2 year-1 we have assessed that average atmospheric IFN depositions may intensify primary production by 4.5% for rural locations, but this value is increased many-fold in urban locations due to local IFN sources.

ATMOSPHERIC N DEPOSITION TO THE COASTAL AREA OF THE BLACK SEA: SOURCES, INTRA-ANNUAL VARIATIONS AND IMPORTANCE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SURFACE LAYER

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
Sergey Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Local Source ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Urban Location

Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of marine ecosystem. Jickells [1] has published that atmospheric depositions can sup-port 5-25% of nitrogen required to primary production. Bulk atmospheric precipitations have been collected in a rural location at the Black Sea Crimean coast – Katsiveli settlement, and an urban location – Sevastopol city. Samples have been analyzed for inorganic fixed nitrogen (IFN) – nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Deposi-tions have been calculated at various space and time scales. The monthly volume weighted mean concentration of IFN increases from summer to winter in both locations. A significant local source of IFN has been revealed for the urban location and this source and its spatial influence have been quantified. IFN deposition with atmospheric precipitations is up to 5% of its background content in the upper 10 m layer of water at the north-western shelf of the Black Sea. Considering Redfield C:N ratio (106:16) and the rate of primary production (PP) in coastal areas of the Black Sea of about 100-130 g C m-2 year-1 we have assessed that average atmospheric IFN depositions may intensify primary production by 4.5% for rural locations, but this value is increased many-fold in urban locations due to local IFN sources.

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