scholarly journals Environmental factors controlling lake diatom communities: a meta-analysis of published data

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 15889-15909 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Selection Of Variables ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Canonical Analyses

Abstract. Diatoms play a key role in the development of quantitative methods for environmental reconstruction in lake ecosystems. Diatom-based calibration datasets developed during the last decades allow the inference of past limnological variables such as TP, pH or conductivity and provide information on the autecology and distribution of diatom taxa. However, little is known about the relationships between diatoms and climatic or geographic factors. The response of surface sediment diatom assemblages to abiotic factors is usually examined using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and subsequent forward selection of variables based on Monte Carlo permutation tests that show the set of predictors best explaining the distributions of diatom species. The results reported in 40 previous studies using this methodology in different regions of the world are re-analyzed in this paper. Bi- and multivariate statistics (canonical correlation and two-block partial least-squares) were used to explore the correspondence between physical, chemical and physiographical factors and the variables that explain most of the variance in the diatom datasets. Results show that diatom communities respond mainly to chemical variables (pH, nutrients) with lake depth being the most important physiographical factor. However, the relative importance of certain parameters varied along latitudinal and trophic gradients. Canonical analyses demonstrated a strong concordance with regard to the predictor variables and the amount of variance they captured, suggesting that, on a broad scale, lake diatoms give a robust indication of past and present environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Oral Fluoroquinolone or Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole vs ß-Lactams as Step-Down Therapy for Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Punjabi ◽  
Vivian Tien ◽  
Lina Meng ◽  
Stan Deresinski ◽  
Marisa Holubar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Infection Recurrence

Abstract Background Using published data, we sought to compare outcomes in patients transitioned to either oral fluoroquinolones (FQs) or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) vs ß-lactams (BLs) after an initial intravenous (IV) course for gram-negative rod (GNR) bacteremia. Methods We conducted a systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE and published IDWeek abstracts. We included studies that reported all-cause mortality and/or infection recurrence in patients transitioned to oral FQ/TMP-SMX and BLs. Results Eight retrospective studies met inclusion criteria with data for 2289 patients, of whom 65% were transitioned to oral FQs, 7.7% to TMP-SMX, and 27.2% to BLs. Follow-up periods ranged from 21 to 90 days. All-cause mortality was not significantly different between patients transitioned to either FQ/TMP-SMX or BLs (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–1.87). Overall recurrence of infection, either bacteremia or the primary site, occurred more frequently in patients transitioned to oral BLs vs FQs (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.17–3.61). Analysis limited to recurrent bacteremia was similarly suggestive, although limited by small numbers (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 0.93–4.99). However, based on known pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, prescribed ß-lactam dosing regimens were frequently suboptimal. Conclusions In the step-down IV to oral treatment of GNR bacteremia, we found insufficient data regarding outcomes after oral TMP-SMX; however, selection of an FQ over commonly utilized ß-lactam regimens may reduce chances of infection recurrence. Although this may be a class effect, it may simply be the result of inadequate dosing of ß-lactams. Additional investigations are warranted to determine outcomes with TMP-SMX and optimized oral ß-lactam dosing regimens.

Environmental parameters affecting composition of modern Mediterranean planktonic foraminifera assemblages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía A. Azibeiro ◽  
Michal Kucera ◽  
Lukas Jonkers ◽  
Francisco J. Sierro ◽  
Angela Cloke-Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifer ◽  
Water Column Stratification ◽  
Selection Of Variables ◽  
Selection Of

<p>La reconstrucción de la temperatura de la superficie del mar (TSM) ha estado durante mucho tiempo en el centro de la investigación paleoceanográfica. Los estudios en el Mediterráneo no han sido una excepción, ya que la reconstrucción cuantitativa de TSM en esta cuenca semicerrada es crucial para comprender el cambio climático pasado en la región. Muchos de estos métodos se basaron en foraminíferos planctónicos, tanto en su geoquímica de caparazón como en la composición de los ensamblajes (por ejemplo, funciones de transferencia). Comprender y modelar las relaciones entre el censo actual y las variables ambientales es la base para transformar los datos fósiles en estimaciones cuantitativas de estas variables. Aunque globalmente, los conjuntos de foraminíferos parecen estar determinados principalmente por la temperatura, en cuencas marginales como el Mediterráneo, </p><p>In this study we attempt to determine which environmental parameters may control the variability of planktonic foraminifer assemblages in the modern Mediterranean. For this purpose, census counts of planktonic foraminifera assemblages from Mediterranean coretops (ForCenS data base) have been integrated with monthly estimates of SST, chlorophyll concentration, and vertical gradients of various parameters as proxies for water column stratification/mixing (WOA 1998).  Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was used to evaluating the explanatory power and the collinearity among tested environmental parameters and a forward selection of variables was carried out to identify those explaining independently the largest share of the variance in the composition of planktonic foraminifera assemblages.</p><p>Se identificaron nueve variables significativas. Tres de ellos corresponden a TSM, mientras que los otros seis se distribuyen entre las concentraciones de clorofila superficial (2) y los gradientes térmicos verticales (4). Las variables más explicativas son la <em>TSM de junio</em> (R <sup>2</sup> 0.43) y <em>el gradiente térmico vertical de diciembre</em> (R <sup>2</sup> 0.15).</p>

scholarly journals Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e033267
Author(s):  
Dengfeng Wang ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Pengxian Tao ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Yajing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Gastric Cancer Surgery ◽  
Positive Prevention

IntroductionVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious life-threatening complication in patients with gastric cancer. Abnormal coagulation function and tumour-related treatment may contribute to the occurrence of VTE. Many guidelines considered that surgical treatment would put patients with cancer at high risk of VTE, so positive prevention is needed. However, there are no studies that have systematically reviewed the postoperative risk and distribution of VTE in patients with gastric cancer. We thus conduct this systematic review to determine the risk of VTE in patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery and provide some evidence for clinical decision-making.Methods and analysisStudies reporting the incidence of VTE after gastric cancer surgery will be included. Primary studies of randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, population-based surveys and cross-sectional studies are eligible for this review and only studies published in Chinese and English will be included. We will search the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang data from their inception to November 2019. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extract data. The quality of each included study will be assessed with tools corresponding to their study design. Meta-analysis will be used to pool the incidence data from included studies. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be assessed, if necessary, a subgroup analysis will be performed to explore the source of heterogeneity. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation method is applied to assess the level of evidence obtained from this systematic review.Ethics and disseminationThis proposed systematic review and meta-analysis is based on published data, and thus ethical approval is not required. The results of this review will be sought for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019144562

A systematic review and meta-analysis on endovascular treatment as an attractive alternative for acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812199127
Author(s):  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Enci Wang ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Surgery Group

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the published data on the efficacy and safety of therapies for superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (SMVT), aiming to provide a reference and set of recommendations for clinical treatment. Methods Relevant databases were searched for studies published from 2000 to June 2020 on SMVT treated with conservative treatment, surgical treatment, or endovascular approach. Different treatment types were grouped for analysis and comparison, and odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The outcomes were pooled using meta-analytic methods and presented by forest plots. Results Eighteen articles, including eight on SMVT patients treated with endovascular therapies, were enrolled. The treatment effectiveness was compared between different groups according to the change of symptoms, the occurrence of complications, and mortality as well. The conservative treatment group had better efficacy compared to the surgery group (89.0% vs. 78.6%, P <0.05), and the one-year survival rate was also higher (94.4% vs. 80.0%, P >0.05), but without statistical significance. As for endovascular treatment, the effectiveness was significantly higher than the surgery group (94.8% vs. 75.2%, P <0.05), and the conservative treatment group as well (93.3% vs. 86.3%, P >0.05), which still requires further research for the lack of statistical significance. Conclusions Present findings indicate that anticoagulation, as conservative treatment should be the preferred clinical option in the clinic for SMVT, due to its better curative effect compared to other treatment options, including lower mortality, fewer complications, and better prognosis. Moreover, endovascular treatment is a feasible and promising approach that is worth in-depth research, for it is less invasive than surgery and has relatively better effectiveness, thus can provide an alternative option for SMVT treatment and may be considered as a reliable method in clinical.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Xanthophyll Synthesis in Porphyra/Pyropia Species (Rhodophyta, Bangiales) by Controlled Abiotic Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Florentina Piña ◽  
Loretto Contreras-Porcia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotenoid Profile ◽  
Maximum Content

Red alga species belonging to the Porphyra and Pyropia genera (commonly known as Nori), which are widely consumed and commercialized due to their high nutritional value. These species have a carotenoid profile dominated by xanthophylls, mostly lutein and zeaxanthin, which have relevant benefits for human health. The effects of different abiotic factors on xanthophyll synthesis in these species have been scarcely studied, despite their health benefits. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify the abiotic factors that enhance the synthesis of xanthophylls in Porphyra/Pyropia species by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the xanthophyll content found in the literature, and (ii) to recommend a culture method that would allow a significant accumulation of these compounds in the biomass of these species. The results show that salinity significantly affected the content of total carotenoids and led to higher values under hypersaline conditions (70,247.91 µg/g dm at 55 psu). For lutein and zeaxanthin, the wavelength treatment caused significant differences between the basal and maximum content (4.16–23.47 µg/g dm). Additionally, in Pyropia spp., the total carotenoids were considerably higher than in Porphyra spp.; however, the lutein and zeaxanthin contents were lower. We discuss the specific conditions for each treatment and the relation to the ecological distribution of these species.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Use of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Dermatology: Systematic Review

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Emanuela Martina ◽  
Federico Diotallevi ◽  
Giulia Radi ◽  
Anna Campanati ◽  
Annamaria Offidani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Botulinum Toxins ◽  
Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Facial Erythema ◽  
Notalgia Paresthetica

Botulinum toxin is a superfamily of neurotoxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium Botulinum with well-established efficacy and safety profile in focal idiopathic hyperhidrosis. Recently, botulinum toxins have also been used in many other skin diseases, in off label regimen. The objective of this manuscript is to review and analyze the main therapeutic applications of botulinum toxins in skin diseases. A systematic review of the published data was conducted, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Botulinum toxins present several label and off-label indications of interest for dermatologists. The best-reported evidence concerns focal idiopathic hyperhidrosis, Raynaud phenomenon, suppurative hidradenitis, Hailey–Hailey disease, epidermolysis bullosa simplex Weber–Cockayne type, Darier’s disease, pachyonychia congenita, aquagenic keratoderma, alopecia, psoriasis, notalgia paresthetica, facial erythema and flushing, and oily skin. Further clinical trials are still needed to better understand the real efficacy and safety of these applications and to standardize injection and doses protocols for off label applications.

Reference intervals for venous blood gas measurement in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty L. Ress ◽  
Gus Koerbin ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Douglas Chesher ◽  
Phillip Bwititi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Venous Blood Gas

AbstractObjectivesVenous blood gas (VBG) analysis is becoming a popular alternative to arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis due to reduced risk of complications at phlebotomy and ease of draw. In lack of published data, this study aimed to establish reference intervals (RI) for correct interpretation of VBG results.MethodsOne hundred and 51 adult volunteers (101 females, 50 males 18–70 y), were enrolled after completion of a health questionnaire. Venous blood was drawn into safePICO syringes and analysed on ABL827 blood gas analyser (Radiometer Pacific Pty. Ltd.). A non-parametric approach was used to directly establish the VBG RI which was compared to a calculated VBG RI based on a meta-analysis of differences between ABG and VBGResultsAfter exclusions, 134 results were used to derive VBG RI: pH 7.30–7.43, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) 38–58 mmHg, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) 19–65 mmHg, bicarbonate (HCO3−) 22–30 mmol/L, sodium 135–143 mmol/L, potassium 3.6–4.5 mmol/L, chloride 101–110 mmol/L, ionised calcium 1.14–1.29 mmol/L, lactate 0.4–2.2 mmol/L, base excess (BE) −1.9–4.5 mmol/L, saturated oxygen (sO2) 23–93%, carboxyhaemoglobin 0.4–1.4% and methaemoglobin 0.3–0.9%. The meta-analysis revealed differences between ABG and VBG for pH, HCO3−, pCO2 and pO2 of 0.032, −1.0 mmol/L, −4.2 and 39.9 mmHg, respectively. Using this data along with established ABG RI, calculated VBG RI of pH 7.32–7.42, HCO3− 23 – 27 mmol/L, pCO2 36–49 mmHg (Female), pCO2 39–52 mmHg (Male) and pO2 43–68 mmHg were formulated and compared to the VBG RI of this study.ConclusionsAn adult reference interval has been established to assist interpretation of VBG results.

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