scholarly journals Investigation and assessment of supplied water quality in Rajshahi City Corporation of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleha Akhter Poly ◽  
Arif Hasnat ◽  
Hasib Imran Tusher ◽  
H. M. Rasel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
World Health ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Rajshahi City ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract. This paper has investigated the extensive implementation of distinct types of pipes in the Water Distribution System (WDS) and evaluated the impacts of particular leachable organic chemicals and bacteriological issues. Besides, the paper inspects significant parameters of water quality as the population of Rajshahi City, Bangladesh relies on water provided via pipes for drinking and other domestic purposes. This study aims to assess the quality of physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters of supplied drinking water through lines in Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) by Rajshahi Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (RWASA). Therefore, the study managed a total of sixteen physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters to analyse them in the laboratory. The experimental results showed that pH and hardness of all samples were within the allowable limit as per Bangladesh Drinking Water Standards (BDWSs) and World Health Organization (WHO). All models contained an extreme level of iron and manganese. They also included a negligible amount of arsenic. The experiment detected lesser Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Residual Chlorine (Residual Cl), and the undesirable odour in about 90 % samples. All samples contained Total Coliform (TC) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. A few samples contained a significant amount of turbidity, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Electrical Conductivity (EC). The authors developed a statistical analysis by SPSS software to co-relate the parameters. This study recommends the presence of such bacteria, iron, and manganese in the pipeline.

scholarly journals Enumeration of Total and Faecal Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water of Khairpur City

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain Shar ◽  
Yasmeen F Kazi ◽  
Miandad Zardari ◽  
Irshad Hussain Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Source Distribution ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Health Organization

Total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) bacteria were analyzed in drinking water of Khairpur city. Ninty samples were collected from main reservoir (source), distribution line and consumer taps. pH and residual chlorine of water samples were also determined. For bacteriological analysis inductively membrane filtration (MF) method was used for total coliform (TC) as well as faecal (FC) coliform bacteria. All samples were found contaminated with total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) and the counts were higher than the maximum microbial contaminant level (MMCL) established by World Health Organization (WHO). It was observed that pH was within the limits of WHO standard (6.5-8.5). The residual chlorine was not detected in any sample of drinking water. Bacteriologically the water quality of the drinking water is unsatisfactory.Keywords: Coliform, Escherichia coli, Water quality, Contamination, SanitationDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1266

An Assessment Of Drinking Water Quality In Parts Of Skudai, Johor Bahru

1992 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ir. Abd. Rasid Othman Othman ◽  
Mohd Asri Mohd Nor ◽  
Azmi Aris ◽  
Teng Keat Hui ◽  
Jagjit Singh Jora Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Pipe Water ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Health Organization

In a assessment of drinking water quality in Skudai Johor Bahru, piped water samples in the distribution system from three different standpipe locations in Taman Sri Skudai, Taman Sri Pulai and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) campus were collected and tested for selected ions and bacteriological quality. The result show that pipe water supplied from a treatment plant at Gunung Pulai in Pontian was low in mineral content. No Eschericia Coli were detected expected at the UTM Campus with concentration of 3 counts/100 mL in one out of 12 sample tested. Total coliforms were found at each site with concentration ranging from 1 to 13 counts/100 mL in 15 out of 6 samples. Except for the coliforms and the fluoride levels exceeding a little over 1.5 mg/L in 8% of the samples, drinking water in the distribution system in the study area can generally be said to have met the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines during the study period. However, with the detection of coliforms and E. Coli at the household standpipes, the possibility of the distribution system in Skudai having pathogen contamination from time to time cannot be dismissed. Keywords: drinking water quality

scholarly journals IMPACTS OF DUMPSITE ON SOIL AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF ERINFUN COMMUNITY, ADO EKITI, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
F., F. Akinola ◽  
M., O. Lasisi ◽  
B., S. Awe
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

Groundwater pollution has increased as a result of poor waste disposal practices in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations in order to investigate the impact of dumpsites on groundwater and soil quality in Erinfun community. Four (4) water samples were collected hand dug well and four (4) soil samples designated Ss1 to Ss4 were collected at distances of 10, 20, 30 and 40 m, respectively, away from the waste dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters and traces such as odour, colour, taste and temperature, as well as Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolve Oxygen, Total Dissolve Solid, pH, and chloride were measured in collected water samples. Collected soil samples were also analyzed for heavy metals such as Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Chromium, and Lead. All the physical parameters of the water samples analysed were found not to be within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality standards. The chemical constituents tested were within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality except for the Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolve Oxygen of water samples 1 and 2, respectively. The concentration of trace metals in water sample test were within health limit except for Magnesium and Iron which has the highest concentrations in water sample 1 at 10 m away from dumpsite (61.00 mg/l and 0.46 mg/l). Consequently, open dumpsites are discouraged, and constructed standard landfills with appropriate monitoring guidelines are recommended.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality assessment near a Nigerian dumpsite

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
O.A. Mokuolu ◽  
S.O. Jacob ◽  
A.M. Ayanshola
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Groundwater Assessment

Municipal solid waste collected in Nigeria are often disposed of in uncontrolled dumpsites and/or burnt in the open spaces and consequently causing significant pollution on surface water, ground water and the air. An investigational study was carried out on the level of pollution on groundwater near Gbagede dumpsite in Kwara state. Ground water samples, GW1, GW2, GW3 were taken at three different locations: 186 m, 290 m, and 326 m from the edge of the dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters evaluated include; pH, total hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, alkalinity, turbidity, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate ion, Chloride ion, Sulphate ion, Electrical conductivity, Calcium ion and Magnesium ion using standard laboratory procedures. The results of the evaluations were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) to establish its suitability for human consumption. Results fell within the stipulated range of WHO and NSDWQ standard for drinking water. It was however observed that the water quality improves with distance from the dumpsite. Statistical analyses indicated mild differences among all the parameters tested for in the samples at 95% confidence level. Uncontrolled accumulation of leachates from the dumpsite may pose potential risk to the source of water for the community in the near future. It was recommended that the dumpsite be relocated from the current residential area.Key Words: Groundwater, Assessment, Contaminants, Solid-waste, Water quality

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Automatic Drain System of Stagnant Drinking Water: A Case Study of a Water Supply Pipe in Seoul

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Heekyong Oh ◽  
Wonsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Supply Pipe ◽  
Site Water

This study provides a case study using an automatic draining solution within the drinking distribution system where it was difficult to maintain an acceptable level of retention time and water quality. Water quality behavior was simulated using EPANET 2.0 in a block system of the distribution network system linked with a given reservoir. The site surveys for the simulated stagnant areas were used for building the automatic drain system at the accessible site. Water quality online monitoring without drain showed that earlier occurrence event of residual chlorine below 0.1 mg/L with 45 days than that of turbidity above 0.5 NTU with 90 days was a critical factor to open and close the drain valve. The discharge volumes of the automatic drain system at the stagnant area were 10~100% of the flushing volume drained by the existing manual drain work. It was confirmed that the volume and cycle of drain could be flexibly changed over time and water temperature. The long term operation of the automatic drain system at the test bed showed that the annual flushing volume and working time could be reduced by 65% and 80%, respectively. The continuous operation of the automatic drain system showed that optimal flushing and online sensing compared to manual drainage could reduce maintenance costs and ensure stable water quality of stagnant drinking water. Although the scope and effect of this study are limited to a particular water pipe, the applicability of an automatic drain system can be evaluated by the approach of this study with optimized drain conditions.

scholarly journals Bacteriological and Physico-chemical Qualities of Halabja Drinking Water

2021 ◽  
pp. 3816-3826
Author(s):  
Othman Abdulrahman Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Health ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
North East ◽  
Treated Drinking Water

Water is crucial for all known forms of life without providing any calories or organic nutrients, while many people, especially in developing countries, may not be able to access pure and safe drinking water. They could lose their lives or become sick because waterborne diseases could contaminate the water, and when the chemical and/or physical properties of the water are not within the national and international standards. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate water quality of the Halabja drinking water and Sirwan river. Halabja city is located to north of Iraq, north-east of the capital Baghdad. Every week of the year 2019, apart from official holidays, water samples were collected from each of river and several areas (4-10 sections) in Halabja for the bacteriological analysis, while chemical and physical water quality was monthly checked. The results showed no detectable waterborne pathogens in all drinking water samples. Additionally, values of pH, turbidity, total dissolved substances, and electrical conductivity of the purified water samples had ranges of 7.97–8.5, 0.02-0.8 NTU, 246–362 mg/L, and 383–566 µS/cm, respectively. The treated drinking water was free of Free Residual Chlorine (FRC) and nitrite. The amounts of chloride, sulfate, and nitrate varied during the year 2019, with ranges of 48.2- 73.8, 36-141.5, and 1-5 mg/L, respectively. The values of water hardness and Ca+2 and Mg+2 concentrations ranged 132- 344, 48–89.5, and 2.2-29.2 mg/L, respectively. Based on the results, values of all the above parameters were within the Iraqi and the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standards, although the value of water hardness and the concentration of Ca+2 were near the upper limits of the standards, which might cause harm to the human body.

The role of decentralized municipal desalination plants in removal of physical, chemical and microbial parameters from drinking water: a case study in Bushehr, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Noroozi Karbasdehi ◽  
Sina Dobaradaran ◽  
Farshid Soleimani ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Mohammad Javad Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Desalination Plants

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of decentralized municipal desalination plants in removal of physical, chemical and microbial parameters from drinking water in Bushehr, Iran and compare the quality of outlet water with guidelines for drinking water. Fifty samples were taken from 10 decentralized municipal desalination plants (five times from every station). The mean values of physical, chemical and microbial parameters in outlet water were electrical conductivity (322.08 μS/cm), turbidity (0.0 NTU), pH (6.84), alkalinity (61.2 mg/L), carbonate (0 mg/L), bicarbonate (61.2 mg/L), total hardness (82.96 mg/L), calcium hardness (73.8 mg/L), magnesium hardness (18.96 mg/L) as CaCO3, calcium (29.52 mg/L), magnesium (4.72 mg/L), residual chlorine (0.37 mg/L), chloride (25.61 mg/L), TDS (161.04 mg/L), iron (0.045), fluoride (0.167 mg/L), nitrate (1.71 mg/L), nitrite (0.0026 mg/L), sulphate (107.17 mg/L), total coliform (0), fecal coliform (0) (MPN/100 mL) and HPC (322.9 CFU/mL). Our results showed that 10% of HPC outlet samples did not comply with the Iranian National Regulation (INR), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The mean levels of examined parameters in desalination plants' outlets generally complied with the INR, EPA and WHO guidelines. Decentralized municipal desalination plants efficiency in removal of measured parameters were in the range of 18.52 (in the case of nitrite) to 100% (in the case of turbidity).

scholarly journals Evaluation of potential human health risk and investigation of drinking water quality in Isparta city center (Turkey)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simge Varol ◽  
Aysen Davraz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
City Center ◽  
Rock Interaction

Isparta city center is selected as a work area in this study because the public believes that the tap water is dirty and harmful. In this study, the city's drinking water in the distribution system and other spring waters which are used as drinking water in this region were investigated from the point of water quality and health risk assessment. Water samples were collected from major drinking water springs, tap waters, treatment plants and dam pond in the Isparta province center. Ca-Mg-HCO3, Mg-Ca-HCO3, Ca-Na-HCO3, Ca-HCO3, Ca-HCO3-SO4 and Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4 are dominant water types. When compared to drinking water guidelines established by World Health Organization and Turkey, much greater attention should be paid to As, Br, Fe, F, NH4, PO4 through varied chemicals above the critical values. The increases of As, Fe, F, NH4 and PO4 are related to water–rock interaction. In tap waters, the increases of As and Fe are due to corrosion of pipes in drinking water distribution systems. The major toxic and carcinogenic chemicals within drinking water are As and Br for both tap water and spring water. Also, F is the non-carcinogenic chemical for only spring waters in the study area.

scholarly journals Water quality trend analysis in a citywide water distribution system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keya Chowdhury ◽  
Aysha Akter
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Abstract Rapid urbanization poses challenges to meet the increased water supply demands. Apart from the quantity, the distributed water quality often fails to meet the permissible level. This study aimed to conduct a citywide spatio-temporal variation of water quality parameters. Water sampling points were selected by applying the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) technique using ArcGIS considering pipe leakage, source water quality, pipe age, and pipe materials. The Chattogram city comprises 397 km of pipes; pipe material distribution shows 71.28% PVC, 20.94% asbestos, 5.16% mild steel, 2.17% ductile, and 0.45% cast iron. The citywide pipe network was established in 1963; 20.87% of pipes aged over 30 years, 15.07% 20–30 years, 26.38% 10–20 years, and 37.68% pipelines are relatively new, i.e., within 0–10 years. Eight water quality parameters, i.e., pH, temperature, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand after five days (BOD5), total coliform, fecal coliform, chloride, and residual chlorine, were collected from the secondary source cross-checked by field survey. Computation of the Water Quality Index (WQI) was interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method to generate a WQI map. Thus, this study could be a basis to improve the treatment system and proper distribution network maintenance.

Variation in some water quality parameters in vended water from source to consumption: A case of Anguwar Liman area of Samaru-Zaria, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
F. B. Ibrahim ◽  
F. J. Ogbozige ◽  
A. M. Jimoh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
The Mean

Objective: In recent years, vended water has increasingly become a source of drinking water in most of the urban and rural centers of developing countries due to inadequate piped water supplies. Hence, this study assessed the quality of vended water and its level of contamination at source, during transportation, and at point of use in Unguwar Liman area of Samaru-Zaria during rainy and dry seasons. Materials and Methods: This included assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics and comparing the findings with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). The water samples were analyzed for color, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, nitrate, phosphate, biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total coliform (TC). Results: The color of all the samples was constant at 5 true color unit irrespective of season and point of sampling. However, the mean concentrations or values of the three points assessed for turbidity, TDS, pH, and nitrate during dry and wet seasons were 1.693 and 2.663 nephelometric turbidity unit; 670 and 257 mg/l; 8.3 and 7.3 then 0.105 and 0.178 mg/l, respectively. Similarly, the mean concentrations for phosphate, BOD, and TC during dry and wet seasons were 0.0006 and 0.0068 mg/l; 1.052 and 0.928 mg/l, and 4 and 27 most probable number/100 ml, respectively. The result also revealed that all the physicochemical parameters investigated were within the acceptable limits of the WHO standard and NSDWQ irrespective of the season (except TDS during the wet season), while coliform counts were above the permissible limit during both seasons. Conclusion: It was established that the vended water of the study area has better quality during the dry season hence, inhabitants of the study area were advised to disinfect vended water mostly during the rainy season before consumption in other to avoid waterborne diseases.

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