Different responses of groundwater level changes through hydrogeological characteristics due to M5.4 Pohang earthquake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hyoung Lee ◽  
Jae Min Lee ◽  
Heesung Yoon ◽  
Yongje Kim
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Observation Well ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Groundwater Level Change ◽  
Groundwater Level Changes

<p>Earthquake of magnitude M5.4 the second largest recorded earthquake occurred in Pohang, South Korea at 05:29:32 (UTC time) on November 15, 2017. The M5.4 event and hundreds of aftershocks produced extreme impacts across the area to date along with human and property damages. The distance between the epicenter of the M5.4 Pohang earthquake and the groundwater observation well is about 43 km for KJ-well and about 76 km for YS-well. Records from these two monitoring wells showed groundwater level changes occurred in 2017-11-15 05:30 (UTC time), about 30 seconds after the earthquake. In KJ-well, 8.0 cm of groundwater level change was observed, and in YS-well, about 30.0 cm of groundwater level change. The changes in groundwater level appeared to be a spike-like pattern that rises immediately due to the compressive action of the aquifer as the seismic waves pass through and then return to its original state. Interestingly, the groundwater level changes in YS-well was observed to be approximately three times greater than KJ-well although YS-well is approximately twice as far from the epicenter as KJ-well. The factors causing these different changes were compared and analyzed for the geometry, hydraulic properties, and geological characteristics of the well locations</p>

The research of Meinong earthquake induced hydrological anomalies and increased vertical permeability in southwestern Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yao Lin ◽  
Shih-Jung Wang ◽  
Wen-Chi Lai
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Large River ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Tidal Analysis ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Vertical Permeability ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
Groundwater Level Change

<p>Hydrological anomalies induced by the earthquakes are valuable research data to understand the hydrogeology structure. At the same time, a complete hydrogeological data is the key to the study of earthquake hydrology. In this research, we collected the anomalous hydrological data after the M<sub>w</sub> 6.4 2016 Meinong Earthquake in Taiwan. The main purpose is to know the mechanism of hydrological changes triggered by earthquake and understand the local hydrogeological characteristics in the southern Taiwan.</p><p>From the distribution of the groundwater level change in the same location but different depths of aquifer, as well as the location of the rupture and liquefaction, it could be found that the co-seismic groundwater level change is large in Chianan Plain in the northwest of the epicenter and accompanied with a lot of ruptures and liquefactions located along the Hsinhua Fault. However, the observations in several wells around the Hsinhua Fault show a different water level change pattern compared with the other wells in Chianan Plain. Actually, these wells show that the co-seismic groundwater level decreases in the deep aquifer and increase in the shallow aquifer. It is shown that the Meinong Earthquake may enhance the connectivity between different aquifers near the fault zone and produce an increased vertical pressure gradient. The anomalous hydrological phenomenon also reflected in the river flow. Based on the river flow data we collected from five stations in the Zengwun River watershed, the river flow at two stations in the upstream dose not change after earthquake. There is a little increase at the midstream station. However, a large river flow increase is observed at the downstream station. After excluding the influence of rainfall, we think that the large amount of anomalous flow is caused by the rise of the co-seismic groundwater level between the middle and downstream sections, and a large amount of liquefaction in this area can prove this hypothesis.</p><p>The hypothesis of connectivity changes between different aquifers can be verified by analyzing the tidal response of different aquifers. Many studies have used the tide analysis to obtain the aquifer permeability and compressibility, and compared the changes in the analysis results before and after the earthquake. We think that if different aquifers are vertically connected after earthquake, the tidal analysis results should show a consistent permeability. Tidal analysis is executing now and the results will be provided at conference.</p>

scholarly journals Development of the Groundwater Level Changes Detector for Earthquake Prediction at Yogyakarta Region – Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Herlambang Laksamana Firdaus ◽  
Sunarno ◽  
Memory Motivanisman Waruwu ◽  
Rony Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Earthquake Precursors ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Change System ◽  
Groundwater Level Change ◽  
Groundwater Level Changes

Groundwater level (GWL) change is one of the earthquake precursors that used for earthquake prediction. The groundwater level change system detector for earthquake prediction at Yogyakarta region - Indonesia contains the GWL detector, signal conditioner, controller, data storage and electrical power supply. The GWL changes detectors which are developed in this report are expected to be used for the earthquake precursors prediction in Yogyakarta region - Indonesia. The detector system shows the detection of groundwater level changes with a sensitivity of 0.01 centimeters. The data from the detector is stored on the storage media, then the data which are collected in weekly will be confirmed with the earthquake data from the BMKG (Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency). On June 11, 12, 15, and 21 the GWL have a change of 4 centimeters to 19 centimeters respectively, the earthquake occurs within the next 2 days. It shows that the system could be used as an earthquake precursors monitoring system based on GWL changes. This report in order to give the valuable information of the development system that can be used for earthquake prediction, even though it needs further study and development of the instrumentation system from other earthquake precursors anomaly.

scholarly journals Seismically induced changes in groundwater levels and temperatures following the ML5.8 (ML5.1) Gyeongju earthquake in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hyoung Lee ◽  
Jae Min Lee ◽  
Sang-Ho Moon ◽  
Kyoochul Ha ◽  
Yongcheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Gyeongju Earthquake

AbstractHydrogeological responses to earthquakes such as changes in groundwater level, temperature, and chemistry, have been observed for several decades. This study examines behavior associated with ML 5.8 and ML 5.1 earthquakes that occurred on 12 September 2016 near Gyeongju, a city located on the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula. The ML 5.8 event stands as the largest recorded earthquake in South Korea since the advent of modern recording systems. There was considerable damage associated with the earthquakes and many aftershocks. Records from monitoring wells located about 135 km west of the epicenter displayed various patterns of change in both water level and temperature. There were transient-type, step-like-type (up and down), and persistent-type (rise and fall) changes in water levels. The water temperature changes were of transient, shift-change, and tendency-change types. Transient changes in the groundwater level and temperature were particularly well developed in monitoring wells installed along a major boundary fault that bisected the study area. These changes were interpreted as representing an aquifer system deformed by seismic waves. The various patterns in groundwater level and temperature, therefore, suggested that seismic waves impacted the fractured units through the reactivation of fractures, joints, and microcracks, which resulted from a pulse in fluid pressure. This study points to the value of long-term monitoring efforts, which in this case were able to provide detailed information needed to manage the groundwater resources in areas potentially affected by further earthquakes.

A Probabilistic Model of Aquifer Susceptibility to Earthquake-Induced Groundwater-Level Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad C. Weaver ◽  
R. Arnold ◽  
C. Holden ◽  
J. Townend ◽  
S. C. Cox
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Monitoring Well ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Groundwater Level Changes

ABSTRACT A probabilistic model for earthquake-induced persistent groundwater-level response as a function of peak ground velocity (PGV) has been constructed using a catalog of monitoring well observations spanning multiple earthquakes. The regional-scale, multi-site, multi-earthquake investigation addresses the occurrence and absence of hydraulic responses to large earthquakes spanning almost a decade of seismic shaking. Persistent groundwater-level changes, or absences of change, have been quantified in 495 monitoring wells in response to one or more of 11 recent New Zealand earthquakes larger than Mw 5.4 that occurred between 2008 and 2017. A binary logistic regression model with random effects has been applied to the dataset using three predictors: earthquake shaking (PGV), degree of hydrogeological confinement (monitoring well depth), and rock strength (site-average shear-wave velocity). Random effects were included as a partial proxy for variations in monitoring wells’ susceptibilities to earthquake-induced persistent water-level changes. Marginal probabilities have been calculated as a function of PGV and related to modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) levels using a New Zealand-specific MMI–PGV relationship that enables the likelihood of persistent water-level changes to be expressed for MMIs of II–VIII. This study capitalizes on one of the largest catalogs of earthquake hydrological observations compiled worldwide and is the first attempt at incorporating seismic and hydrogeological factors in a common probabilistic description of earthquake-induced groundwater-level changes. This modeling framework provides a more generalizable approach to quantifying responses than alternative metrics based on epicentral distance, magnitude, and seismic energy density. It has potential to enable better comparison of international studies and to inform practitioners making engineering or investment decisions to mitigate risk and increase the resilience of water-supply infrastructure.

Influence of groundwater level change on vegetation coverage and their spatial variation in arid regions

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Danyar ◽  
Song Yudong ◽  
Marina Jumakeld
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Groundwater Level Change

Strain Observation Affected by Groundwater-Level Change in Seismic Precursor Monitoring

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-996
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Daiyong Cao ◽  
Jingfa Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Seismic Precursor ◽  
Groundwater Level Change

Estimating Groundwater Level Change Associated with River Stage and Pumping using Time Series Analyses at a Riverbank Filtration Site in Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1135-1146
Author(s):  
Jae-Yeol Cheong ◽  
Se-Yeong Hamm ◽  
Hyoung-Soo Kim ◽  
Soo-Hyoung Lee ◽  
Heung-Jai Park
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Level Change ◽  
River Stage ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
Groundwater Level Change
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document