More than 15 Years of Geoscience Information for Teachers (GIFT) Workshops of the European Geoscience Union General Assembly

Author(s):  
Eve Arnold ◽  
Friedrich Barnikel ◽  
Jean Luc Berenguer ◽  
Francesca Cifelli ◽  
Gordon Curry ◽  
...  

<p><span>GIFT workshops are a two-and-a-half-day teacher enhancement workshops<br />organized by the EGU Committee on Education and held in conjunction with<br />the EGU annual General Assembly. The program of each workshop focuses on<br />a different general theme each year. Past themes have included, for<br />example, “Major Events that Shaped the Earth”, “Mineral Resources”, “Our<br />changing Planet”, “Natural Hazards”, “Water”, and “Evolution and<br />Biodiversity”. These workshops combine scientific presentations on<br />current research in the Earth and Space Sciences, given by prominent<br />scientists attending EGU General Assemblies, with hands-on,<br />inquiry-based activities that can be used by the teachers in their<br />classrooms to explain related scientific principles or topics.<br />Participating teachers are also invited to present their own classroom<br />activities to their colleagues, even when not directly related to the<br />current program.<br /><br />The main objective of these workshops is to communicate first-hand<br />scientific information to teachers in primary and secondary schools,<br />significantly shortening the time between discovery and textbook. The<br />GIFT workshop provides the teachers with materials that can be directly<br />incorporated into their classroom, as well as those of their colleagues<br />at home institutions. In addition, the full immersion of science<br />teachers in a truly scientific context (EGU General Assemblies) and the<br />direct contact with leading geoscientists stimulates curiosity<br />towards research that the teachers can transmit to their pupils.<br /><br />In addition to their scientific content, the GIFT workshops are of high<br />societal value. The value of bringing teachers from many nations<br />together includes the potential for networking and collaborations, the<br />sharing of experiences and an awareness of science education as it is<br />presented in other countries.<br /><br />Since 2003, the EGU GIFT workshops have brought together more than 800<br />teachers from more than 25 nations. At all previous EGU GIFT workshops<br />teachers mingled with others from outside their own country and<br />informally interacted with the scientists, providing a venue for rich<br />dialogue for all participants. The dialogues often included ideas about<br />learning, presentation of science content and curriculum.<br /><br />Programs and presentations of past GIFT workshops, with some available<br />with Web streaming, are at: <a href="https://ebox.su.se/owa/redir.aspx?REF=wUmuy82JpKRPqgALv1dUsABIdd2VKoCsVErhzDSXsrgzBnvUbITXCAFodHRwczovL3d3dy5lZ3UuZXUvZWR1Y2F0aW9uL2dpZnQvd29ya3Nob3BzLw.." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://www.egu.eu/education/gift/workshops/</a></span></p>

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Martens ◽  
Christopher Juhlin ◽  
Viktor J. Bruckman ◽  
Kristen Mitchell ◽  
Luke Griffiths ◽  
...  

Abstract. Every year, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) brings together experts from all over the world at its General Assembly, covering all disciplines of the Earth, planetary and space sciences. The EGU Division on Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) is concerned with one of the humankind's most challenging goals – providing affordable, reliable and sustainable energy and other georesources. A collection of contributions from the ERE Division at the EGU General Assembly 2018 is assembled within the present special issue in Advances in Geosciences.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van der Beek ◽  
Claudia Jesus-Rydin ◽  
Anouk Beniest ◽  
Terri Cook

<p>The European Geosciences Union (EGU) recognises the importance of the principles of equality, diversity, and inclusion as a crucial foundation for the collaborative scientific research needed to answer fundamental scientific questions and address key societal and environmental challenges. As such, EGU is committed to improving the equality, diversity, and inclusion of opportunities within and beyond the Earth, planetary, and space science community, including providing a safe, open, accessible, and respectful environment for participants at all Union events. As a means of fostering diversity, conveners who are organising sessions at the annual EGU General Assembly have been asked to consider their team’s diversity with respect to career stage, gender, geography, and scientific approaches.    </p> <p>To emphasise this guidance and further promote these principles, EGU piloted a new EDI logo in the EGU General Assembly 2021 programme. For a session to be awarded the new logo, it must have fulfilled all three of the following EDI criteria:</p> <p>1. Include conveners from <strong>multiple countries and institutes</strong>, preferably with a diverse representation of geoscientists from the wider European community or beyond;<br />2. Have conveners from <strong>different career stages</strong>, including at least one ECS (but not only ECS); and<br />3. Include conveners that represent <strong>more than one form of gender identity</strong>. </p> <p>This presentation will discuss the foundations and evolution of this member-led proposal; the logo design; challenges encountered during its implementation and how these were solved; and initial data resulting from this initiative. The authors, on behalf of EGU’s Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion Working Group, also welcome feedback regarding the implementation and effectiveness of the EDI logo initiative during this session and via email at [email protected].</p> <p><img src="data:image/png;base64, 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" alt="" /></p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Sonja Martens ◽  
Christopher Juhlin ◽  
Viktor J. Bruckman ◽  
Gregor Giebel ◽  
Thomas Nagel ◽  
...  

Abstract. Since 2004, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) brings together experts from all over the world at its annual General Assembly, covering all disciplines of the earth, planetary and space sciences. With this special issue in Advances in Geosciences, we are pleased to present a collection of contributions from the Division on Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) which were presented at the EGU General Assembly 2019 in Vienna.


1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Friedheim ◽  
J. B. Kadane

International arrangements for the uses of the ocean have been the subject of long debate within the United Nations since a speech made by Ambassador Arvid Pardo of Malta before the General Assembly in 1967. Issues in question include the method of delimiting the outer edge of the legal continental shelf; the spectrum of ocean arms control possibilities; proposals to create a declaration of principles governing the exploration for, and the exploitation of, seabed mineral resources with the promise that exploitation take place only if it “benefits mankind as a whole,” especially the developing states; and consideration of schemes to create international machinery to regulate, license, or own the resources of the seabed and subsoil. The discussions and debates began in the First (Political and Security) Committee of the 22nd General Assembly and proceeded through an ad hoc committee to the 23rd and 24th assembly plenary sessions. The creation of a permanent committee on the seabed as a part of the General Assembly's machinery attests to the importance members of the United Nations attribute to ocean problems. Having established the committee, they will be faced soon with the necessity of reaching decisions. The 24th General Assembly, for example, passed a resolution requesting the Secretary-General to ascertain members' attitudes on the convening of a new international conference to deal with a wide range of law of the sea problems.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Portnoy ◽  
Talia Lemberger

Purpose Approaches to learning have the ability to influence knowledge acquisition, comprehension, retention and even motivation to learn. Previous work indicates that despite age, experience, or prior knowledge, students have a tendency to approach learning differently as a function of the presented content. The purpose of this study is to explore how context influences student approaches to learning science. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt a question-asking methodology to evaluate if approaches to learning the same science content vary when presented within the context of Pure Science or the History of Science. Findings Results indicate that contextualizing the presentation of science content, shifts the approaches students take in attempting to learn science content as evidenced by the questions they ask to deepen their understanding. Additional variables of prior experience with each scientific concept, task persistence at a distractor task and later recall of the presented concepts were related to different inquiry strategies. Research limitations/implications Implications for instructional design and pedagogy are discussed. Practical implications The framework in which scientific information is presented may impact how students modify existing and create a new schema, impacting their beliefs about scientific knowledge and the way in which students question, hypothesize and engage within the domain of science. Social implications By studying the role of inquiry while students engage in science learning, the authors explore the role of context, content and knowledge retention. Originality/value The current study probes at the nature of student questioning and its reliance on the content, context and its relationship to outcome variables such as learning and, perhaps, even persistence as it relates to students’ prior knowledge within content areas which may, in turn, lead to varying levels of student self-efficacy.


1984 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
William J. Frazier

“Scientific creationists” have created their own version of geology in order to defend their axiomatic insistance on a young Earth. To “prove” the Earth's youth, they cite (among other things) measured decay-rates of Earth's magnetic field and concentrations of elements in seawater. They also state that all plutons are quick frozen, that plutonic igneous rocks bear no relation to modern volcanism, and that all sedimentary rocks must be interpreted in terms of a “global hydrologic singularity,” i.e. Noah's Flood.Having explicitly denied uniformitarianism and embraced catastrophism, “Creationists” renege by using uniformitarian reasoning over and again. They practice “pick & choose” empiricism by citing only those data which seem to support their case. “Creationists” even choose when and if to apply scientific principles, e.g. their use of thermodynamics to “disprove” organic evolution while ignoring thermodynamics' implications for magma cooling and metamorphism.The methods of “Creationism” are clearly intended not to increase knowledge of the Earth but to delude the scientifically unsophisticated. Thus, “Creationism” can hardly be considered a science. Further, its repeated use of fallacious thinking brands “Creationism” as hopelessly illogical and its disingenuous statements and tactics disqualify it from even the ranks of nonempirical epistemological systems.


2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (T26A) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
James L. Hilton ◽  
N. Capitaine ◽  
J. Chapront ◽  
J.M. Ferrandiz ◽  
A. Fienga ◽  
...  

AbstractThe WG has conferred via email on the topics of providing a precession theory dynamically consistent with the IAU 2000A nutation theory and updating the expressions defining the ecliptic. The consensus of the WG is to recommend:(a) The terms lunisolar precession and planetary precession be replaced by precession of the equator and precession of the ecliptic, respectively.(b) The IAU adopt the P03 precession theory, of Capitaine et al (2003a, A& A 412, 567–586) for the precession of the equator (Eqs. 37) and the precession of the ecliptic (Eqs. 38); the same paper provides the polynomial developments for the P03 primary angles and a number of derived quantities for use in both the equinox based and celestial intermediate origin based paradigms.(c) The choice of precession parameters be left to the user.(d) The recommended polynomial coefficients for a number of precession angles are given in Table 1 of the WG report, including the P03 expressions set out in Tables 3–;5 of Capitaine et al (2005, A& A 432, 355–;367), and those of the alternative Fukushima (2003, AJ 126, 494–;534) parameterization; the corresponding matrix representations are given in equations 1, 6, 11, and 22 of the WG report.(e) The ecliptic pole should be explicitly defined by the mean orbital angular momentum vector of the Earth-Moon barycenter in an inertial reference frame, and this definition should be explicitly stated to avoid confusion with older definitions. The formal WG report will be submitted, shortly to Celest. Mech. for publication and their recommendations will be submitted at the next General Assembly for adoption by the IAU.


Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Krivovichev

The Arctic zone of the Earth is a major source of mineral and other natural resources for the future development of science and technology [...]


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jarboe ◽  
Rupert Minnett ◽  
Catherine Constable ◽  
Anthony Koppers ◽  
Lisa Tauxe

<p>MagIC (earthref.org/MagIC) is an organization dedicated to improving research capacity in the Earth and Ocean sciences by maintaining an open community digital data archive for rock and paleomagnetic data with portals that allow users access to archive, search, visualize, download, and combine these versioned datasets. We are a signatory of the Coalition for Publishing Data in the Earth and Space Sciences (COPDESS)'s Enabling FAIR Data Commitment Statement and an approved repository for the Nature set of journals. We have been in collaboration with EarthCube's GeoCodes data search portal, adding schema.org/JSON-LD headers to our data set landing pages and suggesting extensions to schema.org when needed. Collaboration with the European Plate Observing System (EPOS)'s Thematic Core Service Multi-scale laboratories (TCS MSL) is ongoing with MagIC sending its contributions' metadata to TCS MSL via DataCite records.</p><p>Improving and updating our data repository to meet the demands of the quickly changing landscape of data archival, retrieval, and interoperability is a challenging proposition. Most journals now require data to be archived in a "FAIR" repository, but the exact specifications of FAIR are still solidifying. Some journals vet and have their own list of accepted repositories while others rely on other organizations to investigate and certify repositories. As part of the COPDESS group at Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP), we have been and will continue to be part of the discussion on the needed and desired features for acceptable data repositories.</p><p>We are actively developing our software and systems to meet the needs of our scientific community. Some current issues we are confronting are: developing workflows with journals on how to publish the journal article and data in MagIC simultaneously, sustainability of data repository funding especially in light of the greater demands on them due to data policy changes at journals, and how to best share and expose metadata about our data holdings to organizations such as EPOS, EarthCube, and Google.</p>


PMLA ◽  
1894 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirby Flower Smith

Among the many survivals which have come down to us from the childhood of humanity nothing seems to be so widespread, so prominent, so persistently vital, as the belief in Metamorphosis. Mythology and Legend are filled with it. Literature is indebted to it for some of her brightest jewels; in fact, some of her grandest monuments, without it, would hardly have a raison d'être. In all nations and times the gods enjoy this, their peculiar privilege, as a matter of course, and they use it, both on themselves and on others, with varying motives and more or less discretion. Among men, those who come by the gift naturally are comparatively rare, and seldom encountered outside of the most primitive nations; of the remainder, a few are presented with the gift by some higher power, but the great majority derive their ability wholly from the use of magic arts. There are the Bear-Men or “Berserkers” and the Swan-Maidens of Scandinavia, the Tiger-Men of India, the Hyena-Men of Abyssinia and many other people of a similar character in all quarters of the earth.


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