Understanding and predicting species- and elevation-dependent dynamics in East Asian temperate forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonil Kim ◽  
Nick Strigul ◽  
Elena Rovenskaya ◽  
Florian Kraxner ◽  
Woo-Kyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Increment Core ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

<p>The velocity and impact of climate change on forest appear to be site, environment, and tree species-specific. The primary objective of this research is to assess the changes in productivity of major temperate tree species in South Korea using terrestrial inventory and satellite remote sensing data. The area covered by each tree species was further categorized into either lowland forest (LLF) or high mountain forest (HMF) and investigated. We used the repeated Korean national forest inventory (NFI) data to calculate a stand-level annual increment (SAI). We then compared the SAI, a ground-based productivity measure, to MODIS net primary productivity (NPP) as a measure of productivity based on satellite imagery. In addition, the growth index of each increment core, which eliminated the effect of tree age on radial growth, was derived as an indicator of the variation of productivity by tree species over the past four decades. Based on these steps, we understand the species- and elevation-dependent dynamics. The secondary objective is to predict the forest dynamics under climate change using the Perfect Plasticity Approximation with Simple Biogeochemistry (PPA-SiBGC) model. The PPA-SiBGC is an analytically tractable model of forest dynamics, defined in terms of parameters for individual trees, including allometry, growth, and mortality. We estimated these parameters for the major species by using NFI and increment core data. We predicted forest dynamics using the following time-series metrics: Net ecosystem exchange, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, C, N, soil respiration, and relative abundance. We then focus on comparing the impact of climate change on LLF and HMF. The results of our study can be used to develop climate-smart forest management strategies to ensure that both LLF and HMF continue to be resilient and continue to provide a wide range of ecosystem services in the Eastern Asian region.</p>

Influence of climate change on soil erosion in high mountain area: a case study of upper Heihe river basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Guanxing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
High Mountain Area ◽  
The Impact

<p>The impact of climate change on soil erosion is pronounced in high mountain area. In this study, the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model was improved for better calculation of soil erosion during snowmelt period by integrating a distributed hydrological model in upper Heihe river basin (UHRB). The results showed that the annual average soil erosion rate from 1982 to 2015 in the study area was 8.1 t ha<sup>-1 </sup>yr<sup>-1</sup>, belonging to the light grade. To evaluate the influence of climate change on soil erosion, detrended analysis of precipitation, temperature and NDVI was conducted. It was found that in detrended analysis of precipitation and temperature, the soil erosion of UHRB would decrease 26.5% and 3.0%, respectively. While in detrended analysis of NDVI, soil erosion would increase 9.9%. Compared with precipitation, the effect of temperature on total soil erosion was not significant, but the detrended analysis of temperature showed that the effect of temperature on soil erosion during snowmelt period can reach 70%. These finding were helpful for better understanding of the impact of climate change on soil erosion and provide a scientific basis for soil management in high mountain area under climate change in the future.</p>

Impact of Climate Change on Tourism

2022 ◽  
pp. 1519-1534
Author(s):  
Samreen Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Different Levels

Climate change is an influencing phenomenon in present global perspective having a wide range of impacts at different levels within the society and industries. This chapter introduces the climate change basics and its major impacts on the global environment. Further, it describes the tourism industry and identifies its relationship with climate change. Scientists take different approaches to deal with climate indices and their application to identify the impact of climate change on the tourism industry. This chapter classifies the tourism industry into different industry type based on the regional characteristics links with the geographical locations. Climate effects have been discussed with different case studies and regions. Then the chapter has been concluded with the major overall impact of climate change in terms of temperature rise, sea level rise (SLR), change in precipitation and extreme events in some cases, on the tourism industry, and next steps to be taken towards sustainable tourism industry.

Influence of nonclimatic factors on the habitat prediction of tree species and an assessment of the impact of climate change

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki Higa ◽  
Ikutaro Tsuyama ◽  
Katsuhiro Nakao ◽  
Etsuko Nakazono ◽  
Tetsuya Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Sensitivity of wheat yields to rise in growing season temperature: Evidences from panel data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
K. PHILIP ◽  
S.S. ASHA DEVI ◽  
G.K. JHA ◽  
B.M.K. RAJU ◽  
B. SEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

The impact of climate change on agriculture is well studied yet there is scope for improvement as crop specific and location specific impacts need to be assessed realistically to frame adaptation and mitigation strategies to lessen the adverse effects of climate change. Many researchers have tried to estimate potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using indirect crop simulation modeling techniques. Here, this study estimated the potential impact of climate change on wheat yields using a crop specific panel data set from 1981 to 2010,for six major wheat producing states. The study revealed that 1°C increase in average maximum temperature during the growing season reduces wheat yield by 3 percent. Major share of wheat growth and yield (79%) is attributed to increase in usage of physical inputs specifically fertilizers, machine labour and human labour. The estimated impact was lesser than previously reported studies due to the inclusion of wide range of short-term adaptation strategies to climate change. The results reiterate the necessity of including confluent factors like physical inputs while investigating the impact of climate factors on crop yields.

scholarly journals Ecosystem-Based Adaptation for the Impact of Climate Change and Variation in the Water Management Sector of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bhabishya Khaniya ◽  
Miyuru B. Gunathilake ◽  
Upaka Rathnayake
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The climate of Sri Lanka has been fluctuating at an alarming rate during the recent past. These changes are reported to have pronounced impacts on the livelihoods of the people in the country. Water is central to the sustainable functioning of ecosystems and wellbeing of mankind. It is evident that pronounced variations in the climate will negatively impact the availability and the quality of water resources. The ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) approach has proved to be an effective strategy to address the impact of climate change on water resources in many parts of the world. The key aim of this paper is to elaborate the wide range of benefits received through implementation of EbAs in field level, watershed scale, and urban and coastal environments in the context of Sri Lanka. In addition, this paper discusses the benefits of utilizing EbA solutions over grey infrastructure-based solutions to address the issues related to water management. The wide range of benefits received through implementation of EbAs can be broadly classified into three categories: water supply regulation, water quality regulation, and moderation of extreme events. This paper recommends the utilization of EbAs over grey infrastructure-based solutions in adaptation to climate change in the water management sector for the developing region due its cost effectiveness, ecofriendliness, and multiple benefits received on long-term scales. The findings of this study will unequivocally contribute to filling existing knowledge and research gaps in the context of EbAs to future climate change in Sri Lanka. The suggestions and opinions of this study can be taken into account by decision makers and water resources planning agencies for future planning of actions related to climate change adaptation in Sri Lanka.

Impact of Climate Change on Faunal and Floral Diversity in Different Geographical Regions of Punjab

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
R.K. Dhaliwal ◽  
Charan Singh ◽  
Manmeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Impact

The present study was carried in different geographical regions of Punjab with the aim to evaluate the impact of climate change on the faunal and floral diversity. A multistage random sampling design was followed to select the study area. Species richness, evenness, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index, Index of dominance, Similarity and dissimilarity index were calculated. Comparative performance of different species in different locations was studied in term of present and past status. The number of forest tree species in Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana and Bathinda did not show any change in forest tree species and remain same without any change in bio-diversity index. The number of fruit tree species has been increased comparatively in all three localities. The number of bird’s species has been decreased comparatively in all three localities due to change in climatic condition, whereas, incremental changes were recorded in number of individuals of animals, however number of species is remained unchanged. The number of wild species has been decreased comparatively in all three localities. Ecological indices revealed that diversity index, species richness and evenness index were increased in all three localities; however, Index of Dominance was reduced.

Impact of Climate Change on Tourism

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samreen Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Different Levels

Climate change is an influencing phenomenon in present global perspective having a wide range of impacts at different levels within the society and industries. This chapter introduces the climate change basics and its major impacts on the global environment. Further, it describes the tourism industry and identifies its relationship with climate change. Scientists take different approaches to deal with climate indices and their application to identify the impact of climate change on the tourism industry. This chapter classifies the tourism industry into different industry type based on the regional characteristics links with the geographical locations. Climate effects have been discussed with different case studies and regions. Then the chapter has been concluded with the major overall impact of climate change in terms of temperature rise, sea level rise (SLR), change in precipitation and extreme events in some cases, on the tourism industry, and next steps to be taken towards sustainable tourism industry.

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