Carbon Brief

Author(s):  
Leo Hickman

<p>Leo Hickman will outline his experience of communicating climate change as a journalist and author. Leo has edited the award-winning Carbon Brief since 2015. The UK-based website specialises in publishing clear, data-driven articles and graphics to help improve the understanding of climate change, both in terms of the science and the policy response. Before joining Carbon Brief, Leo spent 16 years at the Guardian as a features journalist and editor covering the environment, particularly climate change. Leo has also authored several books, including "Will Jellyfish Rule the World?" (Puffin, 2009), which explained climate change to Key Stage 3 children.</p>

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Murray

Canada is among the world's foremost refugee resettlement countries and is signatory to international agreements that affirm its commitment to the protection of refugee rights. Asylum seekers come to Canada from around the globe. But as climate change continues to affect growing regions of the world -- threatening to create as many as 200 million environmental migrants by the year 2050 -- Canada has not yet begun to address the issue of climate change migration. In an era defined by a neo-liberal approach to migration issues, and until international actors determine the status of environmental migrants, Canada's policy response to the looming crisis may be conjectured from an historical review of its refugee policy. This provides an understanding of the various factors, both domestic and international, that may have the greatest influence on Canada's future refugee policy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Miller

https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/elena-ferrantes-weekend-column Elena Ferrante has, in recent years, become a sensation in the UK—and internationally—as readers discover her writings, particularly her Neapolitan quartet of novels. These focus on the lives of two women: their relationships with their city, families, friends, co-workers and, most importantly, one another. For some time after the novels became available in English in late 2012, many conversations about books, or life and culture in general, would circle around the question: ‘Have you read My Brilliant Friend…?’  roadsandkingdoms.com Roads and Kingdoms is a travel website and online publication. In some ways it fits standard expectations of the genre, offering up city guides and more general recommendations about the best places to eat and stay. But the longer articles, commissioned from writers based around the world who approach their subjects from a variety of creative narrative angles, are unusually nuanced and reflective.


Author(s):  
Bradon Tam Lynn Smith

      In this paper I argue that computer games have the potential to offer spaces for ecological reflection, critique, and engagement. However, in many computer games, elements of the games’ procedural rhetoric limit this potential. In his account of American foundation narratives, environmental historian David Nye notes that the ‘second-creation’ narratives that he identifies “retain widespread attention [...] children play computer games such as SimCity, which invite them to create new communities from scratch in an empty virtual landscape…a malleable, empty space implicitly organized by a grid” (Nye 288). I begin by showing how grid-based resource management games encode a set of narratives in which nature is the location of resources to be extracted and used. I then examine the climate change game Fate of the World (2011), drawing it into comparison with game-like online policy tools such as the UK Department for Energy and Climate Change’s 2050 Calculator, and models such as the environmental scenario generation tool Foreseer. I argue that while both may be narrowly successful in generating engagement with climate change and resource issues, in other ways their effect may be disempowering: firstly, they emphasise the scale and complexity of environmental problems; secondly, the prioritise technocratic top-down policy responses at the expense of changes on the level of individual behaviour. This paper then turns to examples of digital games and playing strategies that offer more plural and open-ended engagement with environmental concerns. The on/off-line game World Without Oil (2007) encouraged players to respond to a fictional oil crisis, generating sustained and solution-focussed engagement. Examples of ‘expansive play’ also reveal ecocritical playing strategies in the sandbox-game Minecraft, a game which may initially seem to take the logic of resource extraction to its extreme. Finally, I look at David O'Reilly’s off-beat game-animation Mountain (2014), which in its unflinching mountain removes the agency of the player, and mocks the ‘nature as resource’ model of the games previously discussed. Instead Mountain invites an ontological reconsideration of the player’s relationship with the non-human. Resumen      En este ensayo argumento que los juegos de ordenador tienen el potencial de ofreces espacios para la reflexión, la crítica y el compromiso ecológicos. Sin embargo, en muchos juegos de ordenador, los elementos de la retórica procedimental de los juegos limitan este potencial. En su recuento de las narrativas fundacionales americanas, el historiador medioambiental David Nye destaca que las narrativas de ‘segunda creación’ que él identifica “conservan una atención generalizada […] los niños juegan con el ordenador a juegos como SimCity, que les invita a crear nuevas comunidades desde cero en un paisaje virtual vacío, un espacio vacío maleable e implícitamente organizado por una cuadrícula” (Nye 288). Comienzo mostrando como los juegos de gestión de recursos basados en cuadrículas codifican un conjunto de narrativas en la naturaleza es la ubicación de la que se extraen y en la que se usan los recursos. Después examino el juego sobre el cambio climático Fate of the World (2011), comparándolo con herramientas de política online como la del Departamento de Energía y Cambio Climático de Reino Unido, 2050 Calculator; y modelos como la herramienta de generación de escenarios medioambientales Foreseer. Argumento que mientras que ambos pueden ser poco exitosos a la hora de generar compromiso con el cambio climático y con temas de recursos, por otra parte, su efecto puede ser desalentador: primero, enfatizan la escala y la complejidad de los problemas medioambientales; segundo, priorizan respuestas políticas tecnócratas verticales a expensas de cambios en el nivel del comportamiento individual. Este ensayo luego recurre a ejemplos de juegos digitales y a estrategias de juego que ofrecen un compromiso más plural y más abierto de mente con respecto a las preocupaciones medioambientales. El juego con/sin conexión World Without Oil (2007) animaba a los jugadores a responder a una crisis petrolífera ficticia, generando un compromiso sostenido y centrado en soluciones. El juego de animación poco convencional de David O’Reilly Mountain (2014), que en su inquebrantable montaña elimina la agencialidad del jugador y parodia el modelo de juegos ‘naturaleza como recurso’, incita a una reconsideración ontológica de la relación del jugador con lo no-humano. Finalmente, se examinan ejemplos de modificación y ‘juego expansivo’ para revelar estrategias de juego ecocrítico sorprendentes en el juego de mundo abierto Minecraft, un juego que en principio parece llevar la lógica de la extracción de recursos al extremo.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Murray

Canada is among the world's foremost refugee resettlement countries and is signatory to international agreements that affirm its commitment to the protection of refugee rights. Asylum seekers come to Canada from around the globe. But as climate change continues to affect growing regions of the world -- threatening to create as many as 200 million environmental migrants by the year 2050 -- Canada has not yet begun to address the issue of climate change migration. In an era defined by a neo-liberal approach to migration issues, and until international actors determine the status of environmental migrants, Canada's policy response to the looming crisis may be conjectured from an historical review of its refugee policy. This provides an understanding of the various factors, both domestic and international, that may have the greatest influence on Canada's future refugee policy.


2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1277-1289
Author(s):  
Tiffany Wong

Networks have been discussed extensively in different ways within social and cultural theory as well as in economic scholarship. Author ofNetwork Power, David Singh Grewal, participates in a popular discourse by describing globalization as a series of networks of power in contemporary society. In the same year that his book was published, Grewal writes a response to these theories of a globalized “flat” society in an article for the UK newspaper,The Guardian.Entitled “The World Isn't Flat – It's Networked,” the preface reads: “Globalisation does not 'flatten opportunity in the world: rather it forces everyone to conform to an underlying standard, specifically that of the already privileged nation.” A young scholar, Grewal holds a J.D. from Yale Law School and is currently Ph.D. student at the Department of Government at Harvard University.


1991 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gregg

Since unemployment began to rise again last year, the need for a response from government is once again being discussed. As the unemployment total rises toward 2 1/2 million and threatens to continue to rise next year, it will be repeatedly in the headlines for some time to come. One policy response to persistently high unemployment in the UK, and by governments around the world, has been the use of Special Employment Measures. It is therefore surprising that direct special measures in Britain are now at a seven year low and are facing further funding cuts of around 18 per cent in real terms during the next financial year. Here we take a look at recent developments in Special Measures in the UK, and assess the adequacy of current programmes to meet the needs of the 1990s.


Refuge ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Murray

Canada is among the world’s foremost refugee resettlement countries and is signatory to international agreements that affirm its commitment to the protection of refugee rights. Asylum seekers come to Canada from around the globe. But as climate change continues to affect growing regions of the world—threatening to create as many as 200 million environmental migrants by the year 2050—Canada has not yet begun to address the issue of climate change migration. In an era defined by a neo-liberal approach to migration issues, and until international actors determine the status of environmental migrants, Canada’s policy response to the looming crisis may be conjectured from an historical review of its refugee policy. This provides an understanding of the various factors, both domestic and international, that may have the greatest influence on Canada’s future refugee policy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4277
Author(s):  
Naim Haie ◽  
Rui Pereira ◽  
Haw Yen

Climate change has been shown to directly influence evapotranspiration, which is one of the crucial watershed processes. The common approach to its calculation is via mathematical equations, such as 1985 Hargreaves-Samani (HS85). It computes reference evapotranspiration (ETo) through three climatic variables and one constant: RA (extra-terrestrial radiation), TC (mean temperature), TR (temperature range) and KR (empirical coefficient). To make HS85 more accurate, one of its authors proposed an equation for KR as a function of TR in 2000 (HS00). Both models are 4D and their internal behaviours are difficult to understand, hence, the data driven applications prevalent among experts and managers. In this study, we introduce an innovative research by trying to respond to two questions. What are the relationships between TC and TR? What are the internal patterns of HS hyperspace (4D domain) and the changes in ETo possibilities of the two models? In the proposed approach, thresholds for the four variables are utilized to cover majority of the agroclimatic situations in the world and the hyperspace is discretized with more than 50,000 calculation nodes. The ETo results show that under various climatic conditions, the behaviour of HS is nonlinear (more for HS00) leading to an increased uncertainty particularly for data driven applications. TC and TR show patterns useful for regions with less data.


2020 ◽  
pp. 026101832096176
Author(s):  
Peter Somerville

Failure to take climate change seriously enough has resulted in the world now facing a climate emergency, with rising global temperatures, melting polar ice caps, increasingly frequent and severe storms, floods and droughts, and rising sea levels. Despite being the first country in the world to set statutory carbon emissions reduction targets (in the Climate Change Act 2008), the UK government since 2012 has fallen increasingly behind, even by its own standards. This paper details what this has meant in terms of specific policies and identifies some of the reasons for this policy failure: in particular, a negative attitude towards regulation and a return to a reliance on market forces, plus an overriding concern to continue with ‘business as usual’, in terms of support for fossil-fuel industries and ever-increasing energy demand and supply. Ironically, this has resulted in a situation where radical solutions seem even more necessary and more urgent.


Author(s):  
Sabrina Bruno

Climate change is a financial factor that carries with it risks and opportunities for companies. To support boards of directors of companies belonging to all jurisdictions, the World Economic Forum issued in January 2019 eight Principlescontaining both theoretical and practical provisions on: climate accountability, competence, governance, management, disclosure and dialogue. The paper analyses each Principle to understand scope and managerial consequences for boards and to evaluate whether the legal distinctions, among the various jurisdictions, may undermine the application of the Principles or, by contrast, despite the differences the Principles may be a useful and effective guidance to drive boards' of directors' conduct around the world in handling climate change challenges. Five jurisdictions are taken into consideration for this comparative analysis: Europe (and UK), US, Australia, South Africa and Canada. The conclusion is that the WEF Principles, as soft law, is the best possible instrument to address boards of directors of worldwide companies, harmonise their conduct and effectively help facing such global emergency.


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