Development of irrigation management services based on integration of innovative soil moisture monitoring and hydrological modelling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilios Pisinaras ◽  
Cosimo Brogi ◽  
Heye Bogena ◽  
Harrie-Jan Hendricks-Franssen ◽  
Olga Dombrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
Management Services ◽  
Soil Moisture Monitoring

<p>The H2020 ATLAS project (www.atlas-h2020.eu/) aims to develop an open, flexible and distributed platform that will provide services for the agricultural sector based on the seamless interconnection of sensors and machines. Two interconnected services that will be included in the platform are the soil moisture monitoring and the irrigation management services. The soil moisture monitoring service will integrate both invasive (wireless sensor network (SoilNet)) and non-invasive soil moisture monitoring methods (cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS)). Ultimately, a model will be developed that combines SoilNet and CRNS measurements to predict soil moisture time series. Soil water potential sensors will be incorporated as well.</p><p>Data provided by the above described service will be incorporated in an irrigation management service which will be based on hydrological modelling. The fully distributed, deterministic Community Land Model (CLM, version 5) will be applied which incorporates physically-based simulation of soil water balance and crop growth. Two different levels of application will be considered, namely the farm and watershed scale, which will be combined to weather forecast in order to provide irrigation scheduling advice. The farm scale application will take advantage of soil moisture monitoring data and provide farm specific irrigation scheduling, while the watershed scale application will provide a more generic irrigation advice based on the average cultivation practices. Furthermore, the CLM model will be coupled to a groundwater flow model in order to connect irrigation to groundwater availability. By doing so, it will be possible to support the efficient and sustainable groundwater management as well as competent water uses in an area that suffers from water scarcity.</p><p>These services will be implemented in the area of Pinios Hydrologic Observatory, located in central Greece. Three pilot orchards will be established introducing different soil moisture monitoring setups, while the boundaries of the Observatory will be used for the pilot implementation of irrigation management service on the watershed scale. Furthermore, two pilot vineyards located in northern Greece will be established in order to further test the services functionality on the farm scale.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Soil Water Content Measurements with Capacitance Probes to Support Irrigation Scheduling in a “Red Beaut” Japanese Plum Orchard

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1757
Author(s):  
Sandra Millán ◽  
Carlos Campillo ◽  
Antonio Vivas ◽  
María José Moñino ◽  
Maria Henar Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Japanese Plum

Advances in electromagnetic sensor technologies in recent years have made automated irrigation scheduling a reality through the use of state-of-the-art soil moisture sensing devices. However, correct sensor positioning and interpretation of the measurements are key to the successful implementation of these management systems. The aim of this study is to establish guidelines for soil moisture sensor placement to support irrigation scheduling, taking into account the physiological response of the plant. The experimental work was carried out in Vegas Bajas del Guadiana (Extremadura, Spain) on a drip-irrigated experimental orchard of the early-maturing Japanese plum cultivar “Red Beaut”. Two irrigation treatments were established: control and drying. The control treatment was scheduled to cover crop water needs. In the drying treatment, the fruit trees were irrigated as in control, except in certain periods (preharvest and postharvest) in which irrigation was suspended (drying cycles). Over 3 years (2015–2017), a series of plant parameters were analyzed in relation to the measurements provided by a battery of frequency domain reflectometry probes installed in different positions with respect to tree and dripper: midday stem water potential (Ψstem), sap flow, leaf stomatal conductance, net leaf photosynthesis and daily fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation. After making a comparison of these measurements as indicators of plant water status, Ψstem was found to be the physiological parameter that detected water stress earliest. The drying cycles were very useful to select the probe positions that provided the best information for irrigation management and to establish a threshold in the different phases of the crop below which detrimental effects could be caused to the crop. With respect to the probes located closest to the drippers, a drop in the relative soil water content (RSWC) below 0.2 would not be advisable for “non-stress” scheduling in the preharvest period. When no deficit irrigation strategies are applied in the postharvest period, the criteria are similar to those of preharvest. However, the probes located between the dripper at 0.15 and 0.30 m depth provide information on moderate water stress if the RSWC values falls below 0.2. The severe tree water stress was detected below 0.1 RSWC in probes located at 60 cm depth from this same position.

scholarly journals Improved Irrigation Management of Sweet Orange with Huanglongbing

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said A. Hamido ◽  
Kelly T. Morgan ◽  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
Davie M. Kadyampakeni
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Impact

Because of the decline in production and negative economic effects, there is an urgent need for strategies to reduce the impact of Huanglongbing (HLB) on citrus [Citrus ×sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different irrigation schedules on total available soil water (TAW) and water uptake characteristics of citrus trees affected by HLB in central and southwest Florida. The study was initiated in Jan. 2014 for 2 years on 5-year-old sweet orange trees located in three commercial groves at Arcadia, Avon Park, and Immokalee, FL. Each grove had three irrigation scheduling treatments including the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) recommendations, Daily irrigation, and an Intermediate treatment. All groves received similar volumes of water per week based on evapotranspiration (ETo) reported by the Florida Automated Weather Network. Sap flow (SF) measurements were taken for two trees per treatment for at least 10 days per site (twice/year). During those periods, leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), and stem water potential (Ψ) were determined. Also, TAW was determined using drainage curve and capacitance soil moisture sensors installed at incremental soil depths of 0–15, 15–30, and 30–45 cm. Results showed significant differences in average SF, LAI, Ψ, and TAW measurements among treatments. Diurnal SF value under daily irrigation treatment increased by 91%, 51%, and 105% compared with UF/IFAS irrigation in Arcadia, Avon Park, and Immokalee, respectively. Soil water contents (WCs) under daily treatment increased by 59%, 59%, and 70% compared with UF/IFAS irrigation treatment in Arcadia, Avon Park, and Immokalee, respectively. Our results indicated that daily irrigation improved tree water dynamics compared with IFAS or Intermediate irrigation scheduling treatments and reduced tree stress with the same volume of water.

Soybean Irrigation Initiation in Mississippi: Yield, Soil Moisture, and Economic Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
H. C. Pringle, III ◽  
L. L. Falconer ◽  
D. K. Fisher ◽  
L. J. Krutz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Mississippi Delta ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Soybean Yield

Abstract. Irrigated acreage is expanding and groundwater supplies are decreasing in the Mississippi Delta. Efficient irrigation scheduling of soybean [ (L.) Merr] will aid in conservation efforts to sustain groundwater resources. The objective of this study was to develop irrigation initiation recommendations for soybean grown on Mississippi Delta soils. Field studies were conducted on a deep silty clay (SiC) in 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015 and on a deep silty clay loam (SiCL) and deep silt loam (SiL) or loam (L) soil in 2013, 2014, and 2015. Irrigation was initiated multiple times during the growing season and soybean yield and net return were determined to evaluate the effectiveness of each initiation timing. Growth stage, soil water potential (SWP), and soil water deficit (SWD) were compared at these initiation timings to determine which parameter or combination of parameters consistently predicted the resulting greatest yields and net returns. Stress conditions that reduce yield can occur at any time from late vegetative stages to full seed on these deep soils. The wide range of trigger values found for SWP and SWD to increase yields in different years emphasizes the complexity of irrigation scheduling. Monitoring soil moisture by itself or use of a single trigger value is not sufficient to optimize irrigation scheduling to maximize soybean yield with the least amount of water every year on these soils. Monitoring one or more parameters (e.g., leaf water potential, canopy temperature, air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind) is needed in conjunction with soil moisture to directly or indirectly quantify the abiotic stresses on the plant to better define when a yield reducing stress is occurring. Keywords: Irrigation initiation, Irrigation scheduling, Soil water deficit, Soil water potential, Soybean, Water conservation.

scholarly journals Soil Moisture Sensor Test with Mississippi Delta Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Ruixiu Sui ◽  
Horace C. Pringle ◽  
Edward M. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Mississippi Delta ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling

Abstract. One of the methods for irrigation scheduling is to use sensors to measure the soil moisture level in the plant root zone and apply water if there is a water shortage for the plants. The measurement accuracy and reliability of the soil moisture sensors are critical for sensor-based irrigation management. This study evaluated the measurement accuracy and repeatability of the EC-5 and 5TM soil volumetric water content (SVWC) sensors, the MPS-2 and 200SS soil water potential (SWP) sensors, and the 200TS soil temperature sensor. Six 183 cm × 183 cm × 71 cm wooden compartments were built inside a greenhouse, and each compartment was filled with one type of soil from the Mississippi Delta. A total of 66 sensors with 18 data loggers were installed in the soil compartments to measure SVWC, SWP, and soil temperature. Soil samples were periodically collected from the compartments to determine SVWC using the gravimetric method. SVWC measured by the sensors was compared with that determined by the gravimetric method. The SVWC readings from the sensors had a linear regression relationship with the gravimetric SVWC (r2 = 0.82). This relationship was used to calibrate the sensor readings. The SVWC and SWP sensors could detect the general trend of soil moisture changes. However, their measurements varied significantly among the sensors. To obtain accurate absolute soil moisture measurements, the sensors require individual and soil-specific calibration. The 5TM, MPS-2, and 200TS sensors performed well in soil temperature measurement tests. Individual temperature readings from these sensors were very close to the mean of all sensor readings. Keywords: Irrigation, Sensors, Soil types, Soil water content, Soil water potential.

Area-representative validation of remotely sensed high resolution soil moisture using a cosmic-ray neutron sensor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Panic ◽  
Isabella Pfeil ◽  
Andreas Salentinig ◽  
Mariette Vreugdenhil ◽  
Wolfgang Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Index ◽  
The Impact

<p>Reliable measurements of soil moisture (SM) are required for many applications worldwide, e.g., for flood and drought forecasting, and for improving the agricultural water use efficiency (e.g., irrigation scheduling). For the retrieval of large-scale SM datasets with a high temporal frequency, remote sensing methods have proven to be a valuable data source. (Sub-)daily SM is derived, for example, from observations of the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) since 2007. These measurements are available on spatial scales of several square kilometers and are in particular useful for applications that do not require fine spatial resolutions but long and continuous time series. Since the launch of the first Sentinel-1 satellite in 2015, the derivation of SM at a spatial scale of 1 km has become possible for every 1.5-4 days over Europe (SSM1km) [1]. Recently, efforts have been made to combine ASCAT and Sentinel-1 to a Soil Water Index (SWI) product, in order to obtain a SM dataset with daily 1 km resolution (SWI1km) [2]. Both datasets are available over Europe from the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS, https://land.copernicus.eu/global/). As the quality of such a dataset is typically best over grassland and agricultural areas, and degrades with increasing vegetation density, validation is of high importance for the further development of the dataset and for its subsequent use by stakeholders.</p><p>Traditionally, validation studies have been carried out using in situ SM sensors from ground networks. Those are however often not representative of the area-wide satellite footprints. In this context, cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) have been found to be valuable, as they provide integrated SM estimates over a much larger area (about 20 hectares), which comes close to the spatial support area of the satellite SM product. In a previous study, we used CRNS measurements to validate ASCAT and S1 SM over an agricultural catchment, the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL), in Petzenkirchen, Austria. The datasets were found to agree, but uncertainties regarding the impact of vegetation were identified.</p><p>In this study, we validated the SSM1km, SWI1km and a new S1-ASCAT SM product, which is currently developed at TU Wien, using CRNS. The new S1-ASCAT-combined dataset includes an improved vegetation parameterization, trend correction and snow masking. The validation has been carried out in the HOAL and on a second site in Marchfeld, Austria’s main crop producing area. As microwaves only penetrate the upper few centimeters of the soil, we applied the soil water index concept [3] to obtain soil moisture estimates of the root zone (approximately 0-40 cm) and thus roughly corresponding to the depth of the CRNS measurements. In the HOAL, we also incorporated in-situ SM from a network of point-scale time-domain-transmissivity sensors distributed within the CRNS footprint. The datasets were compared to each other by calculating correlation metrics. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of vegetation on both the satellite and the CRNS data by analyzing detailed information on crop type distribution and crop water content.</p><p>[1] Bauer-Marschallinger et al., 2018a: https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2018.2858004<br>[2] Bauer-Marschallinger et al., 2018b: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071030<br>[3] Wagner et al., 1999: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00036-X</p>

Soil Water Measurement as Basis to Optimize Irrigation Scheduling: A Review

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 553f-554
Author(s):  
A.K. Alva ◽  
A. Fares
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
The Impact

Supplemental irrigation is often necessary for high economic returns for most cropping conditions even in humid areas. As irrigation costs continue to increase more efforts should be exerted to minimize these costs. Real time estimation and/or measurement of available soil water content in the crop root zone is one of the several methods used to help growers in making the right decision regarding timing and quantity of irrigation. The gravimetric method of soil water content determination is laborious and doesn't suite for frequent sampling from the same location because it requires destructive soil sampling. Tensiometers, which measure soil water potential that can be converted into soil water content using soil moisture release curves, have been used for irrigation scheduling. However, in extreme sandy soils the working interval of tensiometer is reduced, hence it may be difficult to detect small changes in soil moisture content. Capacitance probes which operate on the principle of apparent dielectric constant of the soil-water-air mixture are extremely sensitive to small changes in the soil water content at short time intervals. These probes can be placed at various depths within and below the effective rooting depth for a real time monitoring of the water content. Based on this continuous monitoring of the soil water content, irrigation is scheduled to replenish the water deficit within the rooting depth while leaching below the root zone is minimized. These are important management practices aimed to increase irrigation efficiency, and nutrient uptake efficiency for optimal crop production, while minimizing the impact of agricultural non-point source pollutants on the groundwater quality.

A Comparison of Soil Moisture Monitoring Technologies for Irrigation Scheduling

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bano B Mehdi ◽  
Chandra A Madramootoo ◽  
Apurva Gollamudi ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Anne Verhallen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Soil Moisture Monitoring

scholarly journals IoT Based Automatic Soil Moisture Monitoring System using Raspberry PI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4375-4379 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The World

Internet of Things (IoT) is an advanced technology for monitoring and controlling device anywhere in the world. It can connect devices with living things. Agriculture is one of the major sectors which contribute a lot to the financial of India and to get quality product, proper irrigation has to be performed, to reduce man power using modern technology of internet of things IoT in today’s life. Soil moisture is an integral part of plant life, which directly affects crop growth and yield, as well as irrigation scheduling. This system will be a substitute to traditional farming method. We will develop such a system that will help a farmer to know his field status in his home or he may be residing in any part of the world. It proposes an automatic irrigation system for the agricultural lands. Currently the automation is one of the important roles in the human life. It is not only provides comfort but also efficiency and time saving. So here it is also designs a smart irrigation technology by using raspberry pi and connecting to the weather API. Raspberry-pi is the main heart of the whole system. An automated irrigation system was developed to optimize water use for agricultural crops. Automation allows us to control appliances automatically. The objectives of this to control the water motor automatically, To monitor the soil, water level using weather API.A robotized irrigation system framework might have been created should streamline water utilize to agriculture crops. Mechanization permits us with control appliances naturally. Those targets for this on control those water motor naturally monitor the soil, water level utilizing weather API In previously we are using the soil moisture control by using some set of sensors by this water is pumping continuously even though it is rainy.so by this over flow of the water is taken place to overcome this problem we are using the cloud monitoring system based on the weather conditions.

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