Mapping the outdoor effective dose: the case study of the Umbria region (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Serafini ◽  
Matteo Albéri ◽  
Stefano Bisogno ◽  
Enrico Chiarelli ◽  
Luca Cicala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
World Population ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Umbria Region ◽  
Effective Dose Rate

<p>The absorbed dose rate due to natural radioactivity arises from terrestrial and cosmic sources, both contributing to the individual effective dose rate per fraction of time spent outdoor. Rocks and soils are the main reservoirs of terrestrial gamma-emitting radionuclides (e.g. <sup>40</sup>K and radioisotopes of the <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>238</sup>U chains) while high-energy particles originated from astrophysical phenomena produce a cascade of nuclear interactions which contributes to cosmic radiation decreasing in intensity with the atmosphere depth. Following the UNSCEAR 2008 report, the average exposure of the world population to the different natural radioactivity sources corresponds to about 2420 μSv/yr and the external effective dose of terrestrial and cosmic origin is 870 μSv/yr.</p><p>The Umbria region (Italy), with its high variability of sedimentary and igneous rocks (e.g. limestone, sandstone, volcanic tuff) and a population of about 880000 inhabitants well distributed between 100 m and 1000 m a.s.l., represents the ideal case for mapping the effective dose from natural sources in a multifaceted environment. The outdoor effective dose rate from terrestrial radionuclides is studied by analysing 7439 gamma spectra measuring rock and soil samples in laboratory and carrying out about 20 hours of airborne radiometric surveys. Collocated CoKriging is used for the spatial interpolation of the sparse data, adopting a high-resolution geological map as ancillary information. The obtained numerical map is integrated with the cosmic radiation effective dose rate calculated considering the effects of altitude, latitude and the solar magnetic activity cycle. The resulting map of the outdoor effective dose rate shows a median value of 632 mSv/yr and only 3% of the territory is characterized by values higher than 814 mSv/yr.</p>

scholarly journals Radiation Dose Estimation of Cement Samples Used in Lao PDR

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Sonexay Xayheungsy ◽  
Le Hong Khiem ◽  
Le Dai Nam
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity

The natural radioactivity due to presence of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides in Lao PDR cements was measured for first time using a gamma-spectrometry with HPGe detector. Two different types of cement produced by 4 local cement companies in Lao PDR have been investigated.  The specific radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the investigated samples ranged from 24.83 ± 1.18  to 54.39 ± 5.90  Bq kg-1 with a mean of 37.76 ± 10.71 Bq kg-1, 6.63 ± 1.59 to 21.17 ± 0.48 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 13.77 ± 5.85 Bq kg-1 and 43.28 ± 7.68 to 168.70 ± 3.34 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 116.07 ± 47.50 Bq kg-1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the gamma-index, the external and internal hazard indices, Absorb Dose Rate in Air (D) and Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) were estimated for the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in all cement samples. The obtained results were compared with the corresponding values for cement of different countries. The calculated Raeq values of Lao PDR samples are lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg-1 set fo building materials. The mean indoor absorbed dose rate is slightly lower than the population-weighted average of 84 nGy h-1 while the corresponding effective dose was 79% less than the dose ft of 1 mSv y-1. The results obtained in this study show no significant radiological hazards arising from using Lao PDR cement for construction of houses.

Soil mineral analysis and environmental radioactivity in Ghizer, Eastern Hindukush, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wasim ◽  
Sardar Ali Shah ◽  
Arfan Tariq ◽  
Manzoor Ali
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose Rate

Abstract Distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K) was determined in 32 samples from Ghizer, an Eastern Hindukush district at an altitude of 2286 m in Pakistan using high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Mineralogical analysis by X-ray diffractometry identified quartz, calcite, albite and anorthite as major phases whereas actinolite, chlorite serpentine and kaolinite as minor phases. The activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K varied from 25.2 ± 1.7 to 145.3 ± 10.1 Bq kg−1, 24.9 ± 1.1 to 197 ± 9 Bq kg−1, 2.03 ± 0.21 to 16.7 ± 1.1 and 252 ± 6 to 1433 ± 35 Bq kg−1, respectively. The samples yielded average radium equivalent activity as 178.4 ± 23.3 Bq kg−1. The majority of the samples revealed external hazard index and representative level index less than one. The average air absorbed dose rate was 91.2 ± 13.6 nGy h−1 corresponding to the annual effective dose rate 111.8 ± 17.4 μSv y−1. These values were higher than the world averages for air absorbed dose rate and outdoor annual effective dose rate. Principal component analysis was applied to obtain distribution pattern within the samples and among the radionuclides.

scholarly journals NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY OF WESTERN ANATOLIAN PLUTONS, TURKEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 2332
Author(s):  
A. Papadopoulos ◽  
S. Altunkaynak ◽  
A. Koroneos ◽  
A. Unal ◽  
O. Kamaci
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Effective Dose Rate

The natural radioactivity of the Western Anatolian plutonic bodies (Turkey), as well as the assessment of any potential health hazard due to their usage as decorative building materials is studied. Seventy samples from Western Anatolian plutonic bodies, including various rock-types from quartz-monzodiortie to syenogranite, have been measured for their natural radioactivity using γ-spectrometry. According to the experimental results the natural radioactivity levels were ranged up to 229.62 Bq.kg- 1 for 226Ra, up to 207.32 Bq.kg-1 for 232Th and up to 2541.95 Bq.kg-1 for 40K, with a mean value of 57.67 (±38.13), 80.30 (±42.00) and 1071.92 (±405.24) Bq.kg-1 respectively, which are below the international representative mean values for granite stones. The increment on the external γ-radiation effective dose rate appears a mean value of 0.27 (±0.19) mSv.y-1, scattering below 1 mSv.y-1. In case of the internal α-radiation a mean value of 0.14 (±0.10) mSv.y-1, scattering below 0.5 mSv.y- 1 was estimated. The majority of the samples increase the external and the internal dose less than 30% of the maximum permitted limit of the effective dose rate. Therefore, at least from radiological point of view, the plutonic rocks of Western Anatolia could be safely used as decorative building materials.

Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials from Mayo-Kebbi region, Chad

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Penabei ◽  
D. Bongue ◽  
P. Maleka ◽  
T. Dlamini ◽  
Saïdou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Radiation Hazard Index

In order to assess the levels of natural radioactivity and the associated radiological hazards in some building materials of the Mayo-Kebbi region (Chad), a total of nineteen samples were collected on the field. Using a high resolution γ-ray spectrometry system, the activity concentrations of radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) in these samples have been determined. The measured average activity concentrations range from 0.56 ± 0.37 Bq kg−1 to 435 ± 7 Bq kg−1, 1.3 ± 0.6 Bq kg−1 to 50.6 ± 1.1 Bq kg−1 and 4.3 ± 2.0 Bq kg−1 to 840 ± 9 Bq kg−1, for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The highest 226Ra average activities is found in soil brick samples of Zabili. The highest mean value of 232Th and 40K concentrations are found in soil brick samples of Madajang. The activity concentration and the radium equivalent activity (Raeq) have been compared to other studies done elsewhere in the world. Their average values are lower than most of those of countries with which the comparison has been made. Were also evaluated, the external radiation hazard index, the internal radiation hazard index, the indoor air absorbed dose rate, the outdoor air absorbed dose rate, the activity utilization index, the annual effective dose, the annual gonadal dose equivalent, the representative level index, as well as, the excess lifetime cancer risk. In accordance with the criterion of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, our results show that soil brick samples of Zabili and Madajang increases the risk of radiation exposure, thereby the possibility of developing cancer by people living in this environment. Based on these findings, brick samples from Zabili and Madajang are not recommended for construction purposes. All other sample materials have properties that are acceptable for use as building materials in terms of radiation hazard.

Indoor Radon and Thoron Concentration and the Associated Effective Dose Rate Determination in Dwellings of Suq Alshouk, Thiqar (Iraq)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Hussam Najem Abood ◽  
Ahmed Abbas Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effective Dose Rate

Indoor radon/thoron concentration has been determined in some dwellings of Suq Alshouk district in Thiqar Governorate southern of Iraq, using LR-115 type II and CR-39 (SSNTDs). In this work the indoor radon/thoron concentration varies from (8-73) Bq m-3 for radon with an average 35±2Bq m-3, and ranges (1- 47) Bq m-3 for thoron with an average16±2Bq m-3. The average annual effective dose due to radon and thoron varies from 0.43-3.38m Sv y-1 with average value 1.43±0.11 mSv y-1.

Assessment of radioactivity from selected soil samples from Halfa Aljadida area, Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
Abd-Elmoniem A. Elzain ◽  
Hajo Idriss ◽  
Yousif Sh. Mohammed ◽  
Khidir Shaib Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Abd Elwahab Mohamed Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Soil Gas Radon ◽  
Effective Dose Rate ◽  
Alpha Index ◽  
Concentration Surface

Abstract In this research, the results of radon concentration, surface and mass exhalation rates, radium concentration, effective dose rate and the alpha index have been investigated in a number of 198 soil samples that have been collected from various residential locations of Halfa Aljadida area, Sudan. The can technique, containing CR-39 have been used. From our results, the average value of soil gas radon concentration was found to be 1.96±0.22 kBq·m−3. The average values of surface and mass exhalation rates were 1.73±0.19 Bq·m−2·h−1 and 34.79±3.87 mBq·kg−1·h−1, respectively. The radium concentration average value was 8.06±0.90 Bq·kg−1. While the average value of the effective dose rate was recorded to be 54.69±6.11 mSv·y−1. The average value of alpha index of studied samples was (4.03±0.45)×10−2. From the study, a good positive and linear correlation between radium concentration, surface and mass exhalation rates of soil samples were present. In addition to that, a positive and linear correlation between radium and radon concentrations was found. Finally, a comparison between the results and other findings was conducted and the results imply the fact that the area under consideration is safe as if the health hazard are mentioned.

scholarly journals Upgrade of GLE database: Assessment of effective dose rate at flight altitude

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuohino ◽  
A. Ibragimov ◽  
I. Usoskin ◽  
A. Mishev
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Flight Altitude ◽  
Effective Dose Rate
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