scholarly journals How to develop and apply a model data standard on microscale model data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Voss ◽  
David Grawe ◽  
K. Heinke Schlünzen
Keyword(s):  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Data Standard ◽  
Microscale Model ◽  
Scale Modelling

<p>Numerical modeling makes it possible to represent complex processes in small-scale and complex areas like cities. For resolving obstacles, grid sizes in the order of meters are needed. Due to small grid sizes and numerical restrictions, such high-resolution investigations require a great deal of resources. Therefore, a re-use of the results by others would enhance the value of any of these model results. However, the subsequent use of model results is still poorly developed. Comparisons of model data, dissemination of results, or reproduction of simulations are hampered by inconsistent data structures, non-standardized variable names, and lack of information on model setup. In general, to ensure the reusability and accessibility of model data, data standards should be used. The most common data standard for atmospheric model output data are the CF conventions, a data standard for netCDF files, but this standard is currently not extended to cover the model output of obstacle resolving models (ORM).</p><p>The AtMoDat (Atmospheric Model Data) project developed a model data standard (ATMODAT standard) which ensure FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse) and well documented data. We involved the micro-scale modelling community in this process with a web based survey (http://uhh.de/orm-survey) to find out which micro-scale ORMs are currently in use, their model specifics (e.g. used grid, coordinate system), and the handling of the model result data. Furthermore, the survey provides the opportunity to include suggestions and ideas, what we should consider in the development of the standard. We already identified typical variables used by ORMs (i.e. building structures, wall temperatures) and will propose them to be included in the CF convention.  The application of this standard is tested on the model output of the ORM MITRAS. The standard and experiences with its application will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals First results of a model user survey on a micro-scale model data standard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Voss ◽  
K. Heinke Schlünzen ◽  
David Grawe ◽  
Daniel Heydebreck ◽  
Anette Ganske
Keyword(s):  
Scale Model ◽  
Model Data ◽  
User Survey ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Data Standard ◽  
First Results

Sediment transport modifications induced by submerged artificial reef systems: a case study for the Gulf of Venice

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Bonaldo ◽  
Alvise Benetazzo ◽  
Andrea Bergamasco ◽  
Francesco Falcieri ◽  
Sandro Carniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Maritime Spatial Planning

AbstractThe shallow, gently sloping, sandy-silty seabed of the Venetian coast (Italy) is studded by a number of outcropping rocky systems of different size encouraging the development of peculiar zoobenthic biocenoses with considerably higher biodiversity indexes compared to neighbouring areas. In order to protect and enhance the growth of settling communities, artificial monolithic reefs were deployed close to the most important formations, providing further nesting sites and mechanical hindrance to illegal trawl fishing.In this framework, a multi-step and multi-scale numerical modelling activity was carried out to predict the perturbations induced by the presence of artificial structures on sediment transport over the outcroppings and their implications on turbidity and water quality. After having characterized wave and current circulation climate at the sub-basin scale over a reference year, a set of small scale simulations was carried out to describe the effects of a single monolith under different geometries and hydrodynamic forcings, encompassing the conditions likely occurring at the study sites. A dedicated tool was then developed to compose the information contained in the small-scale database into realistic deployment configurations, and applied in four protected outcroppings identified as test sites. With reference to these cases, under current meteomarine climate the application highlighted a small and localised increase in suspended sediment concentration, suggesting that the implemented deployment strategy is not likely to produce harmful effects on turbidity close to the outcroppings.In a broader context, the activity is oriented at the tuning of a flexible instrument for supporting the decision-making process in benthic environments of outstanding environmental relevance, especially in the Integrated Coastal Zone Management or Maritime Spatial Planning applications. The dissemination of sub-basin scale modelling results via the THREDDS Data Server, together with an user-friendly software for composing single-monolith runs and a graphical interface for exploring the available data, significantly improves the quantitative information collection and sharing among scientists, stakeholders and policy-makers.

scholarly journals EMPOL 1.0: a new parameterization of pollen emission in numerical weather prediction models

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1961-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zink ◽  
A. Pauling ◽  
M. W. Rotach ◽  
H. Vogel ◽  
P. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Simulating pollen concentrations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems requires a parameterization for pollen emission. We have developed a parameterization that is adaptable for different plant species. Both biological and physical processes of pollen emission are taken into account by parameterizing emission as a two-step process: (1) the release of the pollen from the flowers, and (2) their entrainment into the atmosphere. Key factors influencing emission are temperature, relative humidity, the turbulent kinetic energy and precipitation. We have simulated the birch pollen season of 2012 using the NWP system COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling – Aerosols and Reactive Trace Gases), both with a parameterization already present in the model and with our new parameterization EMPOL. The statistical results show that the performance of the model can be enhanced by using EMPOL.

Implementation of an Urban Parameterization Scheme into the Regional Climate Model COSMO-CLM

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2296-2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Trusilova ◽  
Barbara Früh ◽  
Susanne Brienen ◽  
Andreas Walter ◽  
Valéry Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Scale Modelling

AbstractAs the nonhydrostatic regional model of the Consortium for Small-Scale Modelling in Climate Mode (COSMO-CLM) is increasingly employed for studying the effects of urbanization on the environment, the authors extend its surface-layer parameterization by the Town Energy Budget (TEB) parameterization using the “tile approach” for a single urban class. The new implementation COSMO-CLM+TEB is used for a 1-yr reanalysis-driven simulation over Europe at a spatial resolution of 0.11° (~12 km) and over the area of Berlin at a spatial resolution of 0.025° (~2.8 km) for evaluating the new coupled model. The results on the coarse spatial resolution of 0.11° show that the standard and the new models provide 2-m temperature and daily precipitation fields that differ only slightly by from −0.1 to +0.2 K per season and ±0.1 mm day−1, respectively, with very similar statistical distributions. This indicates only a negligibly small effect of the urban parameterization on the model's climatology. Therefore, it is suggested that an urban parameterization may be omitted in model simulations on this scale. On the spatial resolution of 0.025° the model COSMO-CLM+TEB is able to better represent the magnitude of the urban heat island in Berlin than the standard model COSMO-CLM. This finding shows the importance of using the parameterization for urban land in the model simulations on fine spatial scales. It is also suggested that models could benefit from resolving multiple urban land use classes to better simulate the spatial variability of urban temperatures for large metropolitan areas on spatial scales below ~3 km.

scholarly journals Implementation of aerosol–cloud interactions in the regional atmosphere–aerosol model COSMO-MUSCAT(5.0) and evaluation using satellite data

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2231-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Dipu ◽  
Johannes Quaas ◽  
Ralf Wolke ◽  
Jens Stoll ◽  
Andreas Mühlbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Cloud Droplet ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
Aerosol Cloud ◽  
Aerosol Cloud Interactions

Abstract. The regional atmospheric model Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) coupled to the Multi-Scale Chemistry Aerosol Transport model (MUSCAT) is extended in this work to represent aerosol–cloud interactions. Previously, only one-way interactions (scavenging of aerosol and in-cloud chemistry) and aerosol–radiation interactions were included in this model. The new version allows for a microphysical aerosol effect on clouds. For this, we use the optional two-moment cloud microphysical scheme in COSMO and the online-computed aerosol information for cloud condensation nuclei concentrations (Cccn), replacing the constant Cccn profile. In the radiation scheme, we have implemented a droplet-size-dependent cloud optical depth, allowing now for aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions. To evaluate the models with satellite data, the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project Observation Simulator Package (COSP) has been implemented. A case study has been carried out to understand the effects of the modifications, where the modified modeling system is applied over the European domain with a horizontal resolution of 0.25°  ×  0.25°. To reduce the complexity in aerosol–cloud interactions, only warm-phase clouds are considered. We found that the online-coupled aerosol introduces significant changes for some cloud microphysical properties. The cloud effective radius shows an increase of 9.5 %, and the cloud droplet number concentration is reduced by 21.5 %.

scholarly journals A short guide to increase FAIRness of atmospheric model data

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Anette Ganske ◽  
Daniel Heydebreck ◽  
Heinke Höck ◽  
Angelina Kraft ◽  
Johannes Quaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Model Data

scholarly journals On the improvement of wave and storm surge hindcasts by downscaled atmospheric forcing: application to historical storms

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Bresson ◽  
Philippe Arbogast ◽  
Lotfi Aouf ◽  
Denis Paradis ◽  
Anna Kortcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Using Data

Abstract. Winds, waves and storm surges can inflict severe damage in coastal areas. In order to improve preparedness for such events, a better understanding of storm-induced coastal flooding episodes is necessary. To this end, this paper highlights the use of atmospheric downscaling techniques in order to improve wave and storm surge hindcasts. The downscaling techniques used here are based on existing European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalyses (ERA-20C, ERA-40 and ERA-Interim). The results show that the 10 km resolution data forcing provided by a downscaled atmospheric model gives a better wave and surge hindcast compared to using data directly from the reanalysis. Furthermore, the analysis of the most extreme mid-latitude cyclones indicates that a four-dimensional blending approach improves the whole process, as it assimilates more small-scale processes in the initial conditions. Our approach has been successfully applied to ERA-20C (the 20th century reanalysis).

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