Exoplanet pollution in transit spectroscopy with the next-generation of infrared space telescopes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Morello ◽  
Tiziano Zingales ◽  
Marine Martin-Lagarde ◽  
Rene Gastaud ◽  
Christophe Cossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Phase Curve ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Space Telescopes ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
James Webb Space Telescope ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths ◽  
In Transit ◽  
The Impact

<p>The next generation of space telescopes is expected to deliver transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres with precision down to 10 parts per million (ppm). Therefore, it is required to model the astrophysical signals with even greater precision in order not to introduce significant biases for the characterization of the planet and its atmosphere.</p> <p>We discuss, in particular, the contribution of the planetary flux in the analysis of transit observations. Usually, the planetary flux is assumed to be a negligible fraction of the stellar flux, so called <em>dark planet</em> hypothesis. However, this hypothesis is not always valid, especially at the infrared wavelengths, around the peak of thermal emission from the planet. We identify two effects, named <em>self-blend</em> and <em>phase-blend</em>, that tend to bias the measured transit depth in opposite directions (the <em>self-blend</em> effect was already known from Kipping & Tinetti 2010).</p> <p>We introduce a novel sub-package of the software ExoTETHyS that can be used to estimate the amplitude of these two effects depending on the exoplanet system parameters, along with the derivation of the mathematical formulae. In this way, it is possible to identify some priority targets to observe longer transit windows, the secondary eclipse and/or the full phase-curve in order to reduce these potential biases.</p> <p>We also show the impact of the <em>self-</em> and <em>phase-blend</em> effects in the analysis of simulated transit spectra taken with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), including the results of the atmospheric retrievals. Our analysis takes into account the possible mitigation depending on the alternative data detrending methods.</p> <p> </p>

scholarly journals Characterization of rocky exoplanets from their infrared phase curve

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S276) ◽  
pp. 485-486
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Maurin ◽  
Franck Selsis ◽  
Franck Hersant ◽  
Marco Delbò
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Phase Curve ◽  
Low Mass Stars ◽  
Rotation Surface ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Observation Geometry

AbstractDuring the last few years, observations have yielded an abundant population of short-period planets under 15 Earth masses. Among those, hot terrestrial exoplanets represent a key population to study the survival of dense atmospheres close to their parent star. Thermal emission from exoplanets orbiting low-mass stars will be observable with the next generation of infrared telescopes, in particular the JWST. In order to constrain planetary and atmospheric properties, we have developed models to simulate the variation of the infrared emission along the path of the orbit (IR phase curve) for both airless planets and planets with dense atmospheres. Here, we focus on airless planets and present preliminary results on the influence of orbital elements, planet rotation, surface properties and observation geometry. Then, using simulated noisy phase curves, we test the retrieval of planets' properties and identify the degeneracies.

scholarly journals Imaging and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets with the Next Generation of Space Telescopes

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Ana I. Gómez de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Space Telescopes ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Nm Range

The study and characterization of the exoplanets’ atmospheres and composition is in its infancy. The large facilities that will make feasible to image an exo-Earth are currently under study. This contribution to the special issue on “detection and characterization of extrasolar planets” is a summary on the current status of the design studies to build large space-based facilities working in the 100–3000 nm range for this purpose. The three basic designs: Fresnel imagers, starshades, and coronagraphs on large space telescopes are described. An outline of the pros and cons for each design is provided. The relevance of transmission spectroscopy to characterize exoplanets atmospheres is pointed out.

scholarly journals Characterization of microdot apodizers for imaging exoplanets with next-generation space telescopes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Jewell ◽  
Manxuan (Rebecca) Zhang ◽  
Garreth Ruane ◽  
Jacques-Robert Delorme ◽  
Dimitri Mawet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation ◽  
Space Telescopes

The Analyses of Learning Strategies in English as a Second Language: Theoretical Classification and Measurement Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Asti Gumartifa ◽  
◽  
Indah Windra Dwie Agustiani
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
English Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
The Impact

Gaining English language learning effectively has been discussed all years long. Similarly, Learners have various troubles outcomes in the learning process. Creating a joyful and comfortable situation must be considered by learners. Thus, the implementation of effective learning strategies is certainly necessary for English learners. This descriptive study has two purposes: first, to introduce the classification and characterization of learning strategies such as; memory, cognitive, metacognitive, compensation, social, and affective strategies that are used by learners in the classroom and second, it provides some questionnaires item based on Strategy of Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) version 5.0 that can be used to examine the frequency of students’ learning strategies in the learning process. The summary of this study explains and discusses the researchers’ point of view on the impact of learning outcomes by learning strategies used. Finally, utilizing appropriate learning strategies are certainly beneficial for both teachers and learners to achieve the learning target effectively.

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