Reviewer comments on "Current rapid temperature rise linked to falling SO2 emissions" by Nick E. B. Cowern

The reactor channel of the horizontal core of pressurized heavy water reactors experiences very low sustained flow during loss of coolant accident (LOCA) at the reactor inlet feeders caused by certain breaks known as critical channel breaks. In this type of accident the reactor trip is delayed causing a gross mismatch of the heat generation and heat removal in the channel, thus leading to rapid temperature rise in the affected channel. A study has been carried out to identify the phenomena and the break size leading to such a situation. Severe fuel damage is predicted in the channel.

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Greenhouse forcing outweighs decreasing solar radiation driving rapid temperature rise over land

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2004gl020937 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (22) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Rolf Philipona ◽

Bruno Dürr

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Rapid Temperature

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Degradation of moist soil aggregates by rapid temperature rise under low intensity fire

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-012-1408-z ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 362 (1-2) ◽

pp. 335-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Ammar A. Albalasmeh ◽

Markus Berli ◽

David S. Shafer ◽

Teamrat A. Ghezzehei

Keyword(s):

Temperature Rise ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Moist Soil ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Rapid Temperature

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Design and Analysis of Fan-Cooling for High Speed Permanent Magnet Machine Rotor

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 591-593 ◽

pp. 3-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun Qiang Xing ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Qi Zhang ◽

Yun Fei Ma

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnet ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

High Frequency ◽

High Speed ◽

Small Volume ◽

Design Method ◽

Axial Fan ◽

Rapid Temperature ◽

Fan Cooling ◽

Cooling Methods

Compared with common permanent magnet (PM) machine, the high speed PM machine has smaller size and larger power density. However, owing to high-speed high frequency and small volume, the PM rotor is more easily to become overheated so that irreversible demagnetization of the PM is induced. Traditional cooling methods of machine directly cool the machine stator, the temperature rise of rotor is reduced through heat exchange among stator, air gap and rotor. Owing to rapid temperature rise of high speed PM machine rotor, the method of indirect cooling rotor does not effectively protect PM rotor from overheating. To directly reduce the temperature rise of PM rotor and the volume of machine, design method of fan-cooling for high speed PM machine rotor is proposed in this paper, that is, high speed axial fan rotating synchronously with the high speed PM machine rotor is designed. Finally, the temperature rise of high speed PM machine rotor with the structure of high speed axial fan is analyzed based on the coupling method of fluid-solid, the validity is verified.

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An Experimental Study on the Thermal Properties of Concrete under the Load Ratio Condition in a Fire

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1231 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 446-449 ◽

pp. 1231-1242

Author(s):

Heung Youl Kim ◽

Hyung Jun Kim ◽

Jea Sung Lee ◽

Ki Hyuk Kwon

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Heated Surface ◽

Load Ratio ◽

Constant Load ◽

Concrete Lining ◽

Small Scale ◽

Ratio Condition ◽

Rapid Temperature ◽

Heating Test

When a fire occurs, the strength of the concrete structure deteriorates due to temperature rise under the condition of constant load. The deterioration in strength causes the change in axial load ratio, so the structure is deformed. In this study, loaded heating test of concrete lining was conducted to realize the condition of an actual fire outbreak in a tunnel where heating and loading affect the structure simultaneously. The shape of the specimens was planned in compliance with the standard for small scale test prescribed in the EFNARC and 24 MPa, 40 MPa and 50MPa were used to analyze the thermal properties associated with different concrete strengths. Constant loading condition was provided based on the load ratios equivalent to 20 % and 40 % of the sectional stress in the concrete and the MHC fire scenario was selected to realize the thermal impact on the concrete by rapid temperature rise. Under each load ratio, more cracks were observed in higher strength and spalling occurred in 50MPa. In terms of fire damage range, 50mm points from heated surface of the 200mm lining did not satisfy the ITA standard for concrete lining upon a fire.

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