The Impact of Temperature Rise and Regional Factors on Malaria Risk

The plasma cutting technology has been emerged as a developing technology which finds tremendous potential in fabrication and metal cutting industries. Thus for the cutting operation, the electrode inside the plasma torch plays a vital role for the plasma arc generation. The temperature of the arc is very high and at the electrode is around 3500°C. The cutting torch requires proper cooling system in order to prevent the electrode from quick wear due to the existence of high thermal gradient. The presented work aimed to study the impact of three coolants propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and de-ionized water flow over the electrode life. The experimental setups were arranged to study the heat transfer capabilities of the three coolants for different flow values and aimed to achieve the optimal flow rates for the efficient heat removal. The electrode life test trials were conducted to measure the electrode life for the flow values of three coolants in the temperature rise test. The optimal flow rates arrived from temperature rise test and the electrode life measured from life test are compared for the three coolant cases considered.

Download Full-text

Social and Regional Factors Predict the Likelihood of Admission to a Nursing Home After Acute Hospital Stay in Elderly People with Chronic Health Conditions: A Multilevel Analysis Using Routinely Collected Hospital and Census Data in Switzerland.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1108098/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nicole Bachmann ◽

Andrea Zumbrunn ◽

Lucy Bayer-Oglesby

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Nursing Home ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Census Data ◽

Acute Hospital ◽

Living Alone ◽

Nursing Home Admission ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Regional Factors ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: If hospitalisation becomes inevitable in the course of a chronic disease, discharge from acute hospital care in elderly individuals is often associated with temporary or persistent frailty, functional limitations and the need for help with daily activities. Thus, acute hospitalisation represents a particularly vulnerable phase of transient dependency on social support and health care. This study examines how social and regional inequality affect the decision for an institutionalisation after acute hospital discharge in Switzerland. Methods: The current analysis uses routinely collected inpatient data from all Swiss acute hospitals that was linked on the individual level with Swiss census data. The study sample included N=60,209 patients 75 years old and older living still at a private home and being hospitalised due to a chronic health condition in N=199 hospitals between 2010 and 2016. Random intercept multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the impact of social and regional factors on the odds of a nursing home admission after hospital discharge. Results: Results show that 7.8% of all patients were admitted directly to a nursing home after hospital discharge. We found significant effects of education level, insurance class, living alone and language regions on the odds of nursing home admission in a model adjusted for age, gender, nationality, health status, year of hospitalisation and hospital-level variance. The language regions moderated the effect of education and insurance class but not of living alone.Conclusion: Acute hospital discharge in elderly is a critical moment of transient dependency. Social and health care should work closely and coordinated together for a well-supported hospital discharge to avoid unnecessary institutionalisations of socially disadvantaged patients.

Download Full-text

A Framework for Understanding Adaptation by Manufacturing Industries

Natural Resources Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0803-8.ch016 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 302-313

Author(s):

Saon Ray

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Manufacturing Industries ◽

Climate Risk ◽

The Face ◽

Regulatory Barriers ◽

The Impact ◽

Medium Firms

This chapter discusses what constitutes adaptation responses by firms in the face of climate change. There are four integral components of adaptation activities undertaken by firms: assessment of risk, understanding of vulnerability, understanding the regulatory barriers to overcome the vulnerability, and, finally, adoption of policies to overcome the vulnerability. While it is easy to understand these components separately, their interdependencies make the overall picture more complicated. Also complicating the issue is the fact that most small and medium firms do not have the capacity and resources to predict the impact of such changes on their operations, and hence, to quickly make the adjustments necessary to overcome them. The response of firms also depends on the nature of the climate risk they face, whether it is sea-level rise, or temperature rise.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Atmospheric Circulation on Air Temperature Rise in Estonia

Frontiers in Earth Science ◽

10.3389/feart.2019.00131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Merily Lakson ◽

Piia Post ◽

Mait Sepp

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Circulation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Refined constitutive, bridging, and contact laws for including effects of the impact-induced temperature rise in impact responses of composite plates with embedded SMA wires

Thin-Walled Structures ◽

10.1016/j.tws.2016.04.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 ◽

pp. 166-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A. Niknami ◽

M. Shariyat

Keyword(s):

Temperature Rise ◽

Composite Plates ◽

Impact Responses ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Sea-level rise and its possible impacts given a ‘beyond 4°C world’ in the twenty-first century

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2010.0291 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 369 (1934) ◽

pp. 161-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 296

Author(s):

Robert J. Nicholls ◽

Natasha Marinova ◽

Jason A. Lowe ◽

Sally Brown ◽

Pier Vellinga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Full Range ◽

Ice Sheets ◽

Time Frame ◽

First Century ◽

Climate Mitigation ◽

Twenty First Century ◽

The Impact

The range of future climate-induced sea-level rise remains highly uncertain with continued concern that large increases in the twenty-first century cannot be ruled out. The biggest source of uncertainty is the response of the large ice sheets of Greenland and west Antarctica. Based on our analysis, a pragmatic estimate of sea-level rise by 2100, for a temperature rise of 4°C or more over the same time frame, is between 0.5 m and 2 m—the probability of rises at the high end is judged to be very low, but of unquantifiable probability. However, if realized, an indicative analysis shows that the impact potential is severe, with the real risk of the forced displacement of up to 187 million people over the century (up to 2.4% of global population). This is potentially avoidable by widespread upgrade of protection, albeit rather costly with up to 0.02 per cent of global domestic product needed, and much higher in certain nations. The likelihood of protection being successfully implemented varies between regions, and is lowest in small islands, Africa and parts of Asia, and hence these regions are the most likely to see coastal abandonment. To respond to these challenges, a multi-track approach is required, which would also be appropriate if a temperature rise of less than 4°C was expected. Firstly, we should monitor sea level to detect any significant accelerations in the rate of rise in a timely manner. Secondly, we need to improve our understanding of the climate-induced processes that could contribute to rapid sea-level rise, especially the role of the two major ice sheets, to produce better models that quantify the likely future rise more precisely. Finally, responses need to be carefully considered via a combination of climate mitigation to reduce the rise and adaptation for the residual rise in sea level. In particular, long-term strategic adaptation plans for the full range of possible sea-level rise (and other change) need to be widely developed.

Download Full-text

Spatial Metrics to Analyse the Impact of Regional Factors on Pattern of Urbanisation in Gurgaon, India

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing ◽

10.1007/s12524-011-0088-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 203-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sadhana Jain ◽

Divyani Kohli ◽

Ram Mohan Rao ◽

Wietske Bijker

Keyword(s):

Spatial Metrics ◽

Regional Factors ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Investigation on temperature distribution in form grinding of 9Mn2V thread gauge

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture ◽

10.1177/0954405416668926 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 232 (8) ◽

pp. 1342-1350 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kunxian Qiu ◽

Guoqiang Guo ◽

Changqi Yang ◽

Dapeng Dong ◽

Ming Chen

Keyword(s):

Temperature Distribution ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Heat Transfer Process ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Partition Model ◽

Form Grinding ◽

Infrared Imager ◽

Grinding Conditions ◽

The Impact

Accurate simulation about the grinding temperature distribution helps to decrease the thermal damage and microcracks during the grinding process. In this article, the grinding heat transfer process of form grinding was analyzed and a temperature distribution model was derived in form grinding of 9Mn2V thread gauge. Considering the characteristics of form grinding, the temperature rise of the intersection region can be affected by two kinds of heat sources, and the impact between the two heat sources has been investigated. Also, the influence of the grinding depth on the temperature rise was analyzed. Depending on the analysis, an improved heat partition model has been derived, which is based on single-grain energy partition model. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the grinding performance of 9Mn2V. The grinding force was obtained, the specific grinding energy was discussed, and the experimental temperature was measured by infrared imager. It is shown that the experiment results correspond well to the theoretical temperature calculated by the prediction model. This temperature model can be used to optimize the grinding conditions and the critical depth in form grinding of 9Mn2V thread gauge.

Download Full-text