Short Communication: Humans and the missing C-sink: erosion and burial of soil carbon through time

Abstract. Is anthropogenic soil erosion a sink or source of atmospheric carbon? The answer depends on factors beyond hillslope erosion alone because the probable fate of mobilized soil carbon evolves as it traverses the fluvial system. The transit path, residence times, and the resulting mechanisms of C-loss or gain change significantly down-basin and are currently difficult to predict as soils erode and floodplains evolve – this should be a key focus of future research.

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Short Communication: Humans and the missing C-sink: erosion and burial of soil carbon through time

Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions ◽

10.5194/esurfd-1-93-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 93-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. Hoffmann ◽

S. M. Mudd ◽

K. van Oost ◽

G. Verstraeten ◽

G. Erkens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Short Communication ◽

Future Research ◽

Residence Times ◽

Fluvial System ◽

Anthropogenic Soil ◽

Atmospheric Carbon ◽

Gain Change

Abstract. Is anthropogenic soil erosion a sink or source of atmospheric carbon? The answer depends on factors beyond hillslope erosion alone because the probable fate of mobilised soil carbon evolves as it traverses the fluvial system. The transit path, residence times, and the resulting mechanisms of C loss or gain change significantly down-basin and are currently difficult to predict as soils erode and floodplains evolve – this should be a key focus of future research.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Species-specific responses to atmospheric carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone mediate changes in soil carbon.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1165872.628950 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Evan DeLucia

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Tropospheric Ozone ◽

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽

Atmospheric Carbon ◽

Species Specific

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Protein recovery as a resource from waste specifically via membrane technology—from waste to wonder

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-12290-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 10262-10282

Author(s):

Kanwal Shahid ◽

Varsha Srivastava ◽

Mika Sillanpää

Keyword(s):

Short Communication ◽

Membrane Separation ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Membrane Technology ◽

Future Research ◽

Protein Recovery ◽

World Population ◽

Waste Streams ◽

Novel Technologies ◽

Efficient Extraction

AbstractEconomic growth and the rapid increase in the world population has led to a greater need for natural resources, which in turn, has put pressure on said resources along with the environment. Water, food, and energy, among other resources, pose a huge challenge. Numerous essential resources, including organic substances and valuable nutrients, can be found in wastewater, and these could be recovered with efficient technologies. Protein recovery from waste streams can provide an alternative resource that could be utilized as animal feed. Membrane separation, adsorption, and microbe-assisted protein recovery have been proposed as technologies that could be used for the aforementioned protein recovery. This present study focuses on the applicability of different technologies for protein recovery from different wastewaters. Membrane technology has been proven to be efficient for the effective concentration of proteins from waste sources. The main emphasis of the present short communication is to explore the possible strategies that could be utilized to recover or restore proteins from different wastewater sources. The presented study emphasizes the applicability of the recovery of proteins from various waste sources using membranes and the combination of the membrane process. Future research should focus on novel technologies that can help in the efficient extraction of these high-value compounds from wastes. Lastly, this short communication will evaluate the possibility of integrating membrane technology. This study will discuss the important proteins present in different industrial waste streams, such as those of potatoes, poultry, dairy, seafood and alfalfa, and the possible state of the art technologies for the recovery of these valuable proteins from the wastewater. Graphical abstract

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The Role of Trees and Pastures in Organic Agriculture

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v4n3p51 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joseph R. Heckman

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Organic Farming ◽

Arable Land ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

United States Department ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Row Crops ◽

Tree Crops ◽

Organic Farm

Environmental concerns associated with annual row crop grain production – including soil erosion, soil carbon loss, intensive use of chemicals and petroleum, limited arable land, among others – could be addressed by converting conventional livestock production to an organic pasture based system. The inclusion of tree crops would further enhance the opportunity for feeding pasture- raised livestock by providing shelter and alternative feed sources. Biodiversity is an essential aspect of an organic farm plan. The idea of including tree crops and other perennials into the vision of an organic farm as a “living system” is very much compatible with the goals and philosophy of organic farming. Before modern no-till farming systems were developed, tree crops and pasture systems were found to provide similar benefits for controlling soil erosion and conserving soil carbon. For example, J. Russell Smith’s Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture (Smith, 1950) and pioneered tree crop agriculture as the alternative to annual row crops for protecting soils from erosion while producing livestock feed such as acorns, nuts, and fodder. A survey of Mid-Atlantic USA soils under pasture found 60% higher soil organic matter content than cultivated fields. Because United States Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program (USDA-NOP) standards require dairy cattle consume pasture forage and limited grain (7 C.F.R. pt. 206), organic milk contains higher concentrations of omega-3 and fewer omega-6 fatty acids than conventional milk. Organic standards also state “the producer must not use lumber treated with arsenate or other prohibited materials for new [fence posts] installations or replacement purposes in contact with soil or livestock.” Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a fast growing renewable alternative to treated lumber with many attributes compatible with organic farming. This versatile tree fixes nitrogen (N), provides flowers for honey bees and other pollinators, and produces a highly durable dense wood ideal for fence posts useable for up to 50 year.

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Amniotic fluid LPCAT1 mRNA correlates with the lamellar body count

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2015-0008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert A. Welch ◽

Michael K. Shaw ◽

Kathryn C. Welch

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Pulmonary Surfactant ◽

Short Communication ◽

Lamellar Body ◽

Future Research ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Phospholipid Biosynthesis ◽

Human Amniotic Fluid ◽

Perinatal Medicine ◽

Body Count

AbstractLysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is required in the biosynthesis of pulmonary surfactant. This short communication describes our assessment of LPCAT1 mRNA levels in human amniotic fluid. We found a direct correlation between LPCAT1 mRNA copies and the amniotic fluid lamellar body count (LBC). This finding corroborates an association between LPCAT1 and surfactant phospholipid biosynthesis in humans. It may provide a model for future research in perinatal medicine.

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SHORT COMMUNICATION: Difficulties in using 137Cs to measure erosion in stubble-mulched soil

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss95-051 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 357-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Bremer ◽

H. H. Janzen ◽

E. de Jong

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Key Words ◽

Short Communication ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Present Evidence ◽

Southern Alberta ◽

Communication Difficulties ◽

Cesium 137

Soil erosion may be difficult to quantify from redistribution of 137Cs at sites where stubble-mulch techniques were adopted prior to 137Cs deposition, because appreciable 137Cs may have been transported before it was mixed into the soil Ap layer. We present evidence that this occurred in two long-term cropping experiments in southern Alberta. Key words: Cesium-137, tillage, long-term crop rotations, fallow

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Sarcopenic Obesity: Definition, Health Consequences and Clinical Management

The Open Nutrition Journal ◽

10.2174/1874288201812010070 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 70-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marwan El Ghoch ◽

Simona Calugi ◽

Riccardo Dalle Grave

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Clinical Management ◽

European Association ◽

Short Communication ◽

Sarcopenic Obesity ◽

Future Research ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Short And Long Term

Over the last decade, a new condition, which occurs in the presence of both sarcopenia and obesity, has been termed “sarcopenic obesity”. The term describes the coexistence of obesity, defined as the increase in body fat mass deposition, and sarcopenia, defined as the reduction in lean mass and muscle strength. However, many uncertainties still surround the condition of sarcopenic obesity in terms of its definition, the adverse short- and long-term health effects (i.e., medical disease, psychosocial functioning, quality of life and mortality) and its clinical management. The aim of this short communication is to emphasize some crucial aspects that future research should take into account in order to avoid bias and misinterpretations and to underline that the study of sarcopenic obesity should be considered a scientific and clinical priority, as reported by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO).

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How spatial vegetation distribution affects soil erosion and sediment transport

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7882 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Malte Kuegler ◽

Thomas Hoffmann ◽

Jana Eichel ◽

Lothar Schrott ◽

Juergen Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Vegetation Pattern ◽

Vegetation Coverage ◽

Future Research ◽

Initial Increase ◽

Vegetation Patterns ◽

Erosion Rates ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

The Impact

There are a multitude of factors that affect soil erosion and the process of sediment movement. One particular factor known to have a considerable impact is vegetation coverage within catchment areas.&#160; Previous studies have examined the impact of vegetation cover on erosion.&#160;However, there is a lack of research on how the spatial distribution of vegetation influences erosion rates.A greater understanding of hillslope erosion is fundamental in modelling previous and future topographic changes under various climate conditions. Here, the physical based erosion model EROSION 3D &#169; is used to evaluate the impact of a variety of vegetation patterns and degrees of vegetation cover on sediment erosion and transport. The model was applied on a natural catchment in La Campana (Central Chile). For this purpose, three different vegetation patterns were created: (i) random distribution, (ii) water-dependent distribution (TWIR) and (iii) banded vegetation pattern distribution. Additional to this, the areas covered by vegetation generated in the first step were expanded by steps of 10% [0...100%]. The Erosion3D &#169; model then was applied on all vegetation patterns and degrees of cover.Our results show an initial increase of soil erosion with increasing plant coverage within the catchment up to a certain cover threshold ranging between 10 and 40%. At larger vegetation cover soil erosion rates decline. The strength of increase and decline, as well as the cover-threshold is strongly conditioned by the spatial vegetation pattern. In the light of this, future research should pay particular attention to the properties of the plants and their distribution, not solely on the amount of biomass within catchment areas.

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