scholarly journals Protein recovery as a resource from waste specifically via membrane technology—from waste to wonder

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 10262-10282
Author(s):  
Kanwal Shahid ◽  
Varsha Srivastava ◽  
Mika Sillanpää
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
World Population ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Efficient Extraction

AbstractEconomic growth and the rapid increase in the world population has led to a greater need for natural resources, which in turn, has put pressure on said resources along with the environment. Water, food, and energy, among other resources, pose a huge challenge. Numerous essential resources, including organic substances and valuable nutrients, can be found in wastewater, and these could be recovered with efficient technologies. Protein recovery from waste streams can provide an alternative resource that could be utilized as animal feed. Membrane separation, adsorption, and microbe-assisted protein recovery have been proposed as technologies that could be used for the aforementioned protein recovery. This present study focuses on the applicability of different technologies for protein recovery from different wastewaters. Membrane technology has been proven to be efficient for the effective concentration of proteins from waste sources. The main emphasis of the present short communication is to explore the possible strategies that could be utilized to recover or restore proteins from different wastewater sources. The presented study emphasizes the applicability of the recovery of proteins from various waste sources using membranes and the combination of the membrane process. Future research should focus on novel technologies that can help in the efficient extraction of these high-value compounds from wastes. Lastly, this short communication will evaluate the possibility of integrating membrane technology. This study will discuss the important proteins present in different industrial waste streams, such as those of potatoes, poultry, dairy, seafood and alfalfa, and the possible state of the art technologies for the recovery of these valuable proteins from the wastewater. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater: a comprehensive and critical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naef A. A. Qasem ◽  
Ramy H. Mohammed ◽  
Dahiru U. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sludge Formation ◽  
Metals Removal

AbstractRemoval of heavy metal ions from wastewater is of prime importance for a clean environment and human health. Different reported methods were devoted to heavy metal ions removal from various wastewater sources. These methods could be classified into adsorption-, membrane-, chemical-, electric-, and photocatalytic-based treatments. This paper comprehensively and critically reviews and discusses these methods in terms of used agents/adsorbents, removal efficiency, operating conditions, and the pros and cons of each method. Besides, the key findings of the previous studies reported in the literature are summarized. Generally, it is noticed that most of the recent studies have focused on adsorption techniques. The major obstacles of the adsorption methods are the ability to remove different ion types concurrently, high retention time, and cycling stability of adsorbents. Even though the chemical and membrane methods are practical, the large-volume sludge formation and post-treatment requirements are vital issues that need to be solved for chemical techniques. Fouling and scaling inhibition could lead to further improvement in membrane separation. However, pre-treatment and periodic cleaning of membranes incur additional costs. Electrical-based methods were also reported to be efficient; however, industrial-scale separation is needed in addition to tackling the issue of large-volume sludge formation. Electric- and photocatalytic-based methods are still less mature. More attention should be drawn to using real wastewaters rather than synthetic ones when investigating heavy metals removal. Future research studies should focus on eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable materials and methods.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Benefits of Agroresidues as Alternative Nutritive Dietary Resource for Pig and Poultry Farming

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Achilonu ◽  
Karabo Shale ◽  
Georgina Arthur ◽  
Kuben Naidoo ◽  
Michael Mbatha
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
World Population ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals ◽  
Unconventional Feed

The growing world population is challenging the animal products supply system, particularly in developing countries, where demand for meat and milk in 2050 is estimated to increase to 109% and 116%, respectively, amidst deteriorating livestock feed sources. Globally, adequate production and availability of animal feed products to subsistence farmers has been declining due to factors such as global warming, growth in population, and low economic growth. This paper seeks to examine the existing scientific literature on the utilization of some unconventional feed resources, to abate the challenge of feed deficit and thus improve animal nutrition. The use of fruit waste and agricultural farm residues affords alternative, nutritive livestock dietary supplements; it has been proven they contain a spectrum of vital bioactive phytochemicals essential for sustainable growth and development of animals. The biochemical composition of the plant wastes and residues include carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and fatty acids, while the common bioactive phytochemicals are polyphenols, alkaloids, carotenoids, and flavonoids, along with tannins, terpenes, and saponins, which play vital roles in reducing disease-causing agents, such as bacteria, viruses, and free radical-associated diseases. The phytochemicals exhibit antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory, as well as anti-parasitic and antiprotozoal properties. However, it is important to guard against antinutritive and toxicity levels in animal feed products. The paper concludes that agroresidues’/wastes’ nutritive and therapeutic potential could serve as alternative livestock feed resource, while also acting as additional job and income generator for communities.

scholarly journals The role of edible insects to mitigate challenges for sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Raquel P. F. Guiné ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Catarina Coelho ◽  
Cristina A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
World Population ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Human Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Recent Trends

Abstract This review is focused on the utilization of insects as a new opportunity in food and feed products, including their commercialization both in traditional and new markets. It has been suggested that insects are considerably more sustainable when compared with other sources of animal protein, thus alleviating the pressure over the environment and the planet facing the necessity to feed the world population, constantly increasing. Many chefs have adhered to the trend of using insects in their culinary preparations, bringing insects to the plan of top gastronomy, highlighting their organoleptic qualities allied to a recognized high nutritional value. However, in some markets, insects or insect-based products are not readily accepted because of neophobia and disgust. Moreover, the insect markets, farming, and commercialization are experiencing a huge growth, in which the domain of animal feed is undoubtedly a very strong component. The future of insects as human food and animal feed seems promising in view of the recent trends and challenges.

Amniotic fluid LPCAT1 mRNA correlates with the lamellar body count

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Welch ◽  
Michael K. Shaw ◽  
Kathryn C. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Lamellar Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Phospholipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Perinatal Medicine ◽  
Body Count

AbstractLysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is required in the biosynthesis of pulmonary surfactant. This short communication describes our assessment of LPCAT1 mRNA levels in human amniotic fluid. We found a direct correlation between LPCAT1 mRNA copies and the amniotic fluid lamellar body count (LBC). This finding corroborates an association between LPCAT1 and surfactant phospholipid biosynthesis in humans. It may provide a model for future research in perinatal medicine.

scholarly journals Informatics and the Challenge of Determinism

Sci ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Philip Moore ◽  
Hai Van Pham
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Information Systems Design ◽  
Novel Technologies

Motivation: There is a paradox at the heart of informatics where practical implementation generally fails to understand the socio-technical impact of novel technologies and disruptive innovation when adopted in ‘real-world’ systems. This phenomenon, termed technological determinism, is manifested in a time-lag between the adoption of novel technologies and an understanding of the underlying theory which develops following research into their adoption. Methods: We consider informatics theory as it relates to: social informatics and how humans’ function in society, the relationship between society and technology, information systems, information systems design, and human–computer interactions. The challenges posed by novel technologies and disruptive innovation are considered as they relate to information systems and information systems design. Open research questions with directions for future research are discussed with an introduction to and our proposed approach to socio-technical information system design. Significance: We conclude that the adoption of disruptive innovation presents both opportunities and threats for all stakeholders in computerised systems. However, determinism is a topic requiring research to generate a suitable level of understanding and technological determinism remains a significant challenge.

scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity: Definition, Health Consequences and Clinical Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan El Ghoch ◽  
Simona Calugi ◽  
Riccardo Dalle Grave
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
European Association ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Short And Long Term

Over the last decade, a new condition, which occurs in the presence of both sarcopenia and obesity, has been termed “sarcopenic obesity”. The term describes the coexistence of obesity, defined as the increase in body fat mass deposition, and sarcopenia, defined as the reduction in lean mass and muscle strength. However, many uncertainties still surround the condition of sarcopenic obesity in terms of its definition, the adverse short- and long-term health effects (i.e., medical disease, psychosocial functioning, quality of life and mortality) and its clinical management. The aim of this short communication is to emphasize some crucial aspects that future research should take into account in order to avoid bias and misinterpretations and to underline that the study of sarcopenic obesity should be considered a scientific and clinical priority, as reported by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO).

scholarly journals The Acceptability and Usability of Digital Health Interventions for Adults With Depression, Anxiety, and Somatoform Disorders: Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis

10.2196/16228 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e16228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shireen Patel ◽  
Athfah Akhtar ◽  
Sam Malins ◽  
Nicola Wright ◽  
Emma Rowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
The Individual

Background The prevalence of mental health disorders continues to rise, with almost 4% of the world population having an anxiety disorder and almost 3.5% having depression in 2017. Despite the high prevalence, only one-third of people with depression or anxiety receive treatment. Over the last decade, the use of digital health interventions (DHIs) has risen rapidly as a means of accessing mental health care and continues to increase. Although there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of DHIs for the treatment of mental health conditions, little is known about what aspects are valued by users and how they might be improved. Objective This systematic review aimed to identify, appraise, and synthesize the qualitative literature available on service users’ views and experiences regarding the acceptability and usability of DHIs for depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders. Methods A systematic search strategy was developed, and searches were run in 7 electronic databases. Qualitative and mixed methods studies published in English were included. A meta-synthesis was used to interpret and synthesize the findings from the included studies. Results A total of 24 studies were included in the meta-synthesis, and 3 key themes emerged with descriptive subthemes. The 3 key themes were initial motivations and approaches to DHIs, personalization of treatment, and the value of receiving personal support in DHIs. The meta-synthesis suggests that participants’ initial beliefs about DHIs can have an important effect on their engagement with these types of interventions. Personal support was valued very highly as a major component of the success of DHIs. The main reason for this was the way it enabled individual personalization of care. Conclusions Findings from the systematic review have implications for the design of future DHIs to improve uptake, retention, and outcomes in DHIs for depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders. DHIs need to be personalized to the specific needs of the individual. Future research should explore whether the findings could be generalized to other health conditions.

Systems Based on Physical-Chemical Processes

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-75
Author(s):  
August Bonmatí-Blasi ◽  
Míriam Cerrillo-Moreno ◽  
Victor Riau-Arenas
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Soil Emissions ◽  
Struvite Precipitation

High strength waste streams, namely rejected water from a wastewater treatment plant, livestock slurry, and agro-food wastewater, are characterized by its high organic matter and nutrient content which favours processes aiming to recover energy and nutrients, instead of removing them. In this regard physical-chemical processes are suitable technologies to attain these objectives. Among others, stripping coupled with absorption, struvite precipitation, membrane separation, and vacuum evaporation, are all physical-chemical processes aiming to concentrate nutrients in a stream that can later be reused as fertilizer. In this chapter the main physical-chemical processes will be defined and described in terms of the objective of each process technique, their theoretical fundamentals, environmental effects (air, water and soil emissions, resource depletion), technical indicators (efficiencies, energy consumption, etc.), and by-product characteristics.

Recent Trends and Advancement in Nanotechnology for Water and Wastewater Treatment

2016 ◽  
pp. 208-252
Author(s):  
Sushmita Banerjee ◽  
Ravindra Kumar Gautam ◽  
Pavan Kumar Gautam ◽  
Amita Jaiswal ◽  
Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Significant Attention

Fast growing demand of fresh water due to increasing population and industrialization dictated research interests towards development of techniques that offers highly efficient and affordable methods of wastewater treatment. In recent decades water treatment using nano-technological based expertise have gained significant attention. Varieties of nanoparticles were synthesized and proficiently used in treatment of wide range of organic and inorganic contaminants from waste streams. This chapter encompasses recent development in nano-technological approach towards water and wastewater treatment. The authors tried to compile up to-date development, properties, application, and mechanisms of the nanoparticles used for decontamination purpose. This piece of work offer a well organized comprehensive assessment of the technology that delineates opportunities as well as its limitation in water management practices moreover few recommendations for future research are also proposed.

E-Business Technologies in E-Market Literature

2011 ◽  
pp. 244-268
Author(s):  
Nikos Manouselis
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Electronic Markets ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Novel Technologies

E-business processes are implemented through existing, as well as novel technologies. This book chapter focuses on the field of electronic markets (e-markets), and studies the technologies and solutions that are applied and proposed in this field. In particular, the chapter reviews e-market literature in order to identify which are the technological trends that have appeared in the e-markets field during the last decade. A conceptual model that allows for the classification of e-market research literature according to a number of technical topics is first introduced. Then, e-market literature is reviewed, and the technologies that seem to be attracting more research attention are identified. Representative contributions are discussed, and directions for future research are indicated. The overall aim of this chapter is to provide a blueprint of the literature related to e-business technologies for e-markets

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