scholarly journals The Influence of a Prolonged Meteorological Drought on the Catchment Water Storage Capacity: A Hydrological Model Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengke Pan ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Chongyu Xu ◽  
Lei Cheng ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Broadleaf Forest ◽  
Water Storage Capacity

Abstract. Understanding the propagation process of prolonged meteorological droughts (i.e., decade) helps solve the problem of increasing water scarcity around the world. Historical literature studied the propagation between different drought types (e.g., from meteorological to hydrological drought) with mainly statistical approaches, however, little attention has been paid to the causality between the meteorological drought with potential changes in the Catchment Water Storage Capacity (CWSC) where the latter plays a critical role in catchment response behavior to former. This study used the temporal variation in the estimated value of a model parameter that denotes the CWSC in its model structure to reflect the potential changes in real CWSC. The most likely Change points of the CWSC were determined based on the Bayesian Change point analysis. Also, the possible association and linkage between the shift in the CWSC and the time-lag of the catchment (i.e., time-lag between the occurrence of the drought with the Change point) with multiple catchment properties and climate characteristics have been studied. Catchments from southeastern Australia were used as a study area to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Results indicated that (1) in 62.7 % of the catchments, the sustained drought causes significant shifts in the CWSC. The shift led to the opposite response in two subsets of catchments, i.e., 48.2 % of catchments had lower runoff generation rates for a given rainfall while 14.5 % of catchments had higher runoff generation rate. (2) Catchments with larger elevation and slope, lower forest coverage of Evergreen Broadleaf Forest are more likely to have increase in the CWSC during a chronic drought while smaller catchments with lower elevation, lower coverage of the Evergreen Broadleaf Forest are more likely to have a decrease in the CWSC. (3) The changed catchments were not equally susceptible to the pressure due to persistent meteorological drought. Catchments with a lower proportion of Evergreen Broadleaf Forest usually have longer time-lag and are more resilient. This study improves our understanding of possible changes in CWSC induced by a prolonged meteorological drought, which will help improve our ability to simulate the hydrological system.

scholarly journals The influence of a prolonged meteorological drought on catchment water storage capacity: a hydrological-model perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 4369-4387
Author(s):  
Zhengke Pan ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Chong-Yu Xu ◽  
Lei Cheng ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Broadleaf Forest ◽  
Water Storage Capacity

Abstract. Understanding the propagation of prolonged meteorological drought helps solve the problem of intensified water scarcity around the world. Most of the existing literature studied the propagation of drought from one type to another (e.g., from meteorological to hydrological drought) with statistical approaches; there remains difficulty in revealing the causality between meteorological drought and potential changes in the catchment water storage capacity (CWSC). This study aims to identify the response of the CWSC to the meteorological drought by examining the changes of hydrological-model parameters after drought events. Firstly, the temporal variation of a model parameter that denotes that the CWSC is estimated to reflect the potential changes in the real CWSC. Next, the change points of the CWSC parameter were determined based on the Bayesian change point analysis. Finally, the possible association and linkage between the shift in the CWSC and the time lag of the catchment (i.e., time lag between the onset of the drought and the change point) with multiple catchment properties and climate characteristics were identified. A total of 83 catchments from southeastern Australia were selected as the study areas. Results indicated that (1) significant shifts in the CWSC can be observed in 62.7 % of the catchments, which can be divided into two subgroups with the opposite response, i.e., 48.2 % of catchments had lower runoff generation rates, while 14.5 % of catchments had higher runoff generation rate; (2) the increase in the CWSC during a chronic drought can be observed in smaller catchments with lower elevation, slope and forest coverage of evergreen broadleaf forest, while the decrease in the CWSC can be observed in larger catchments with higher elevation and larger coverage of evergreen broadleaf forest; (3) catchments with a lower proportion of evergreen broadleaf forest usually have a longer time lag and are more resilient. This study improves our understanding of possible changes in the CWSC induced by a prolonged meteorological drought, which will help improve our ability to simulate the hydrological system under climate change.

scholarly journals Derivation of the Spatial Distribution of Free Water Storage Capacity Based on Topographic Index

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Bingxing Tong ◽  
Zhijia Li ◽  
Cheng Yao ◽  
Jingfeng Wang ◽  
Yingchun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Topographic Index ◽  
Water Storage Capacity

Free water storage capacity, an important characteristic of land surface related to runoff process, has a significant influence on runoff generation and separation. It is thus necessary to derive reasonable spatial distribution of free water storage capacity for rainfall-runoff simulation, especially in distributed modeling. In this paper, a topographic index based approach is proposed for the derivation of free water storage capacity spatial distribution. The topographic index, which can be obtained from digital elevation model (DEM), are used to establish a functional relationship with free water storage capacity in the proposed approach. In this case, the spatial variability of free water storage capacity can be directly estimated from the characteristics of watershed topography. This approach was tested at two medium sized watersheds, including Changhua and Chenhe, with the drainage areas of 905 km2 and 1395 km2, respectively. The results show that locations with larger values of free water storage capacity generally correspond to locations with higher topographic index values, such as riparian region. The estimated spatial distribution of free water storage capacity is also used in a distributed, grid-based Xinanjiang model to simulate 10 flood events for Chenhe Watershed and 17 flood events for Changhua Watershed. Our analysis indicates that the proposed approach based on topographic index can produce reasonable spatial variability of free water storage capacity and is more suitable for flood simulation.

scholarly journals Rainfall–Runoff Processes and Modelling in Regions Characterized by Deficiency in Soil Water Storage

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1858
Author(s):  
Pengfei Shi ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Chong-Yu Xu ◽  
Bin Yong ◽  
Ching-Sheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Xinanjiang Model ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Variable Threshold ◽  
Soil Water Storage Capacity

The partial runoff is complicated in semi-arid and some semi-humid zones in terms of what the runoff generates in partial vertical positions. The partial runoff is highlighted by horizontal soil heterogeneity as well. How to identify the partial runoff and develop a variable threshold for runoff generation is a great difficulty and challenge. In this work, the partial runoff is identified by using a variable active runoff layer structure, and a variable soil water storage capacity is proposed to act as a threshold for runoff generation. A variable layer-based runoff model (VLRM) for simulating the complex partial runoff was therefore developed, using dual distribution curves for variable soil water storage capacity over basin. The VLRM is distinct in that the threshold for runoff generation is denoted by variable soil water storage capacity instead of infiltration capacity or constant soil water storage capacity. A series of flood events in two typical basins of North China are simulated by the model, and also by the Xinanjiang model. Results demonstrate that the new threshold performs well and the new model outperforms the Xinanjiang model. The approach improves current hydrological modelling for complex runoff in regions with large deficiencies in soil water storage.

scholarly journals Laboratory model test study of the hydrological effect on granite residual soil slopes considering different vegetation types

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Xue-wen Lei ◽  
Han-lin Zhang ◽  
Zhi Lin ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Granite Residual Soil ◽  
Stem Leaf

AbstractThe problems caused by the interaction between slopes and hydrologic environment in traffic civil engineering are very serious in the granite residual soil area of China, especially in Guangdong Province. Against the background of two heavy rainfall events occurring during a short period due to a typhoon making landfall twice or even two typhoons consecutively making landfall, laboratory model tests were carried out on the hydrological effects of the granite residual soil slope considering three vegetation types under artificial rainfall. The variation in slope surface runoff, soil moisture content and rain seepage over time was recorded during the tests. The results indicate that surface vegetation first effectively reduces the splash erosion impact of rainwater on slopes and then influences the slope hydrological effect through rainwater forms adjustment. (1) The exposed slope has weak resistance to two consecutive heavy rains, the degree of slope scouring and soil erosion damage will increase greatly during the second rainfall. (2) The multiple hindrances of the stem leaf of Zoysia japonica plays a leading role in regulating the hydrological effect of slope, the root system has little effect on the permeability and water storage capacity of slope soil, but improves the erosion resistance of it. (3) Both the stem leaf and root system of Nephrolepis cordifolia have important roles on the hydrological effect. The stem leaf can stabilize the infiltration of rainwater, and successfully inhibit the surface runoff under continuous secondary heavy rainfall. The root system significantly enhances the water storage capacity of the slope, and greatly increases the permeability of the slope soil in the second rainfall, which is totally different from that of the exposed and Zoysia japonica slopes. (4) Zoysia is a suitable vegetation species in terms of slope protection because of its comprehensive slope protection effect. Nephrolepis cordifolia should be cautiously planted as slope protection vegetation. Only on slopes with no stability issues should Nephrolepis cordifolia be considered to preserve soil and water.

scholarly journals Urban water storage capacity inferred from observed evapotranspiration recession

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harro Joseph Jongen ◽  
Gert-Jan Steeneveld ◽  
Jason Beringer ◽  
Andreas Christen ◽  
Krzysztof Fortuniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Storage Capacity
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