scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Implications of variations in stream specific conductivity for estimating baseflow using chemical mass balance and calibrated hydrograph techniques"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Implications of variations in stream specific conductivity for estimating baseflow using chemical mass balance and calibrated hydrograph techniques

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Ian Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Lower Salinity ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Streamflow Data

Abstract. Baseflow to rivers comprises regional groundwater and lower-salinity intermediate water stores such as interflow, soil water, and bank return flows. Chemical mass balance (CMB) calculations based on the specific conductivity (SC) of rivers potentially estimate the groundwater contribution to baseflow. This study discusses the application of the CMB approach in rivers from south-eastern Australia and assesses the feasibility of calibrating recursive digital filters (RDFs) and sliding minima (SM) techniques based on streamflow data to estimate groundwater inflows. The common strategy of assigning the SC of groundwater inflows based on the highest annual river SC may not always be valid due to the persistent presence of lower-salinity intermediate waters. Rather, using the river SC from low-flow periods during drought years may be more realistic. If that is the case, the estimated groundwater inflows may be lower than expected, which has implications for assessing contaminant transport and the impacts of near-river groundwater extraction. Probably due to long-term variations in the proportion of groundwater in baseflow, the RDF and SM techniques cannot generally be calibrated using the CMB results to estimate annual baseflow proportions. Thus, it is not possible to extend the estimates of groundwater inflows using those methods, although in some catchments reasonable estimates of groundwater inflows can be made from annual streamflows. Short-term variations in the composition of baseflow also lead to baseflow estimates made using the CMB method being far more irregular than expected. This study illustrates that estimating baseflow, especially groundwater inflows, is not straightforward.

scholarly journals Implications of variations in stream specific conductivity for estimating baseflow using chemical mass balance and calibrated hydrograph techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Lower Salinity ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
The Common

Abstract. Baseflow to rivers comprises regional groundwater and lower salinity intermediate water stores such as interflow, soil water, and bank return flows. Chemical mass balance (CMB) calculations based on the specific conductivity (SC) of rivers potentially estimates the groundwater contribution to baseflow. This study discusses the application of the CMB approach in rivers from southeast Australia and assesses the feasibility of calibrating recursive digital filters (RDF) and sliding minima (SM) techniques based on streamflow data to estimate groundwater inflows. The common strategy of assigning the SC of groundwater inflows based on the highest annual river SC may not always be valid due to the long-term presence of lower salinity intermediate waters. Rather, using the river SC from low flow periods during drought years may be more realistic. If that is the case, the estimated groundwater inflows may be lower than expected, which has implications for assessing contaminant transport and the impacts of near-river groundwater extraction. Probably due to long-term variations in the proportion of groundwater in baseflow, the RDF and SM techniques cannot generally be calibrated using the CMB results to estimate annual baseflow proportions. Thus, it is not possible to extend the estimates of groundwater inflows using those methods, although in some catchments reasonable estimates of groundwater inflows can be made from annual streamflows. Short-term variations in the composition of baseflow also leads to baseflow estimates made using the CMB method being far more irregular than expected. This study illustrates that estimating baseflow, especially groundwater inflows, is not straightforward.

Size resolved chemical mass balance of aerosol particles over rural Hungary

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (25) ◽  
pp. 4347-4355 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Temesi ◽  
A Molnár ◽  
E Mészáros ◽  
T Feczkó ◽  
A Gelencsér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance

scholarly journals Chemical Mass Balance, Depositional Efficiency, and Rates of Formation of Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jamieson ◽  
Dennis Sanchez Mora ◽  
Ben Peterkin ◽  
Thibaut Barreyre ◽  
Javier Escartin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Sulfide Deposits ◽  
Massive Sulfide Deposits ◽  
Seafloor Massive Sulfide

scholarly journals Contrasts between chemical and physical estimates of baseflow help discern multiple sources of water contributing to rivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 5943-5974 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Cartwright ◽  
B. Gilfedder ◽  
H. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Digital Filters ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Recursive Digital Filters

Abstract. This study compares geochemical and physical methods of estimating baseflow in the upper reaches of the Barwon River, southeast Australia. Estimates of baseflow from physical techniques such as local minima and recursive digital filters are higher than those based on chemical mass balance using continuous electrical conductivity (EC). Between 2001 and 2011 the baseflow flux calculated using chemical mass balance is between 1.8 × 103 and 1.5 × 104 ML yr−1 (15 to 25% of the total discharge in any one year) whereas recursive digital filters yield baseflow fluxes of 3.6 × 103 to 3.8 × 104 ML yr−1 (19 to 52% of discharge) and the local minimum method yields baseflow fluxes of 3.2 × 103 to 2.5 × 104 ML yr−1 (13 to 44% of discharge). These differences most probably reflect how the different techniques characterise baseflow. Physical methods probably aggregate much of the water from delayed sources as baseflow. However, as many delayed transient water stores (such as bank return flow or floodplain storage) are likely to be geochemically similar to surface runoff, chemical mass balance calculations aggregate them with the surface runoff component. The mismatch between geochemical and physical estimates is greatest following periods of high discharge in winter, implying that these transient stores of water feed the river for several weeks to months. Consistent with these interpretations, modelling of bank storage indicates that bank return flows provide water to the river for several weeks after flood events. EC vs. discharge variations during individual flow events also imply that an inflow of low EC water stored within the banks or on the floodplain occurs as discharge falls. The joint use of physical and geochemical techniques allows a better understanding of the different components of water that contribute to river flow, which is important for the management and protection of water resources.

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