scholarly journals USING GEO GEO-TAGGED FLICKR IMAGES TO EXPLORE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN LAND COVER CLASSES AND THE LOCATION OF BIRD OBSERVATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2021 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
M. Lotfian ◽  
J. Ingensand
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Photo Sharing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Flickr Images

Abstract. Social media data are becoming potential sources of passive VGI (Volunteered Geographic Information) and citizen science, in particular with regard to location-based environmental monitoring. Flickr, as one of the largest photo-sharing platforms, has been used in various environmental analyses from natural disaster prediction to wildlife monitoring. In this article, we have used bird photos from Flickr to illustrate the spatial distribution of bird species in Switzerland, and most importantly to see the correlation between the location of bird species and land cover types. A chi-square test of independence has been applied to illustrate the association between bird species and land cover classes and results illustrated a statistically significant association between the two variables. Furthermore, species distributions in Flickr were compared to eBird data, and the results demonstrated that Flickr can be a possible complementary source to citizen science data.

scholarly journals Use of Citizen Science Data for Characterizing Patterns and Drivers of Avian Altitudinal Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Yu Tsai ◽  
Chie-Jen Ko ◽  
Ya-Jung Lu ◽  
Chia Hsieh ◽  
Mao-Ning Tuanmu
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Altitudinal Migration

Altitudinal migration, the seasonal and repeateing movement of animal individuals between breeding and non-breeding areas at different elevations, is a common and important but understudied behavior in birds. Difficulty in characterizing avian altitudinal migration has prevented a comprehensive understanding of both patterns and drivers of this behavior. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated altitudinal migration patterns and underlying mechanisms for a major proportion (~70%) of an entire resident bird community on a subtropical island with an almost 4000-m elevational gradient. We quantified migration tendency of individual bird species based on the seasonal shift in the elevational distribution of their occurrence records in the eBird database. We then built phylogeny-controlled regression models to examine the associations between the birds’ migration tendencies and their functional traits to test major hypotheses on the mechanisms of altitudinal migration. The results showed a common but variable altitudinal migration behavior among the 118 species examined, with 40 and 11 species conducting post-breeding downhill and uphill migration, respectively. The species that have a narrower thermal tolerance range, can tolerate lower temperatures, have a smaller body size, have a more diverse or invertebrate-rich diet, or use an open nest had a higher downhill migration tendency. In contrast, no traits examined showed consistent associations with the uphill migration tendency. This suggests that post-breeding downhill and uphill migrations are driven by different processes and current hypotheses can only explain the former, but not the latter. This relatively comprehensive study demonstrated the power of citizen science data to provide new insights into an old research question from a novel perspective. Using the same approach, we are investigating the behavior in mountain regions around the world. With the global analysis, we will be able to understand the general patterns and mechanisms of avian altitudinal migration and also investigate their variation among mountain regions in different climate zones. In the face of rapid environmental changes in mountain ecosystems, the approach used in this study may also provide essential information for the conservation of mountainous biodiversity.

scholarly journals Exotic parrots breeding in urban tree cavities: nesting requirements, geographic distribution, and potential impacts on cavity nesting birds in southeast Florida

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Diamond ◽  
Michael S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Tree Cavities ◽  
Cavity Nesting

Abstract Background Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida, including several species that nest in tree cavities. We aimed to determine the species identity, nest site requirements, relative nest abundance, geographic distribution, and interactions of parrots with native cavity-nesting bird species. Methods We searched Miami-Dade County, Florida, and nearby areas for natural cavities and holes excavated by woodpeckers, recording attributes of potential nest trees. We inspected all cavities with an elevated video inspection system to determine occupancy by parrots or other birds. We mapped nearly 4000 citizen science observations of parrots in our study area corresponding to our study period, and used these to construct range maps, comparing them to our nesting observations. Results Not all parrots reported or observed in our study area were actively breeding. Some parrots were observed at tree cavities, which previous studies have suggested is evidence of reproduction, but our inspections with an elevated video inspection system suggest they never initiated nesting attempts. Several parrot species did successfully nest in tree cavities, Red-masked Parakeets (Psittacara erythrogenys) and Orange-winged Parrots (Amazona amazonica) being the most common (n = 7 and 6 nests, respectively). These two parrots had similar nesting requirements, but Orange-winged Parrots use nests with larger entrance holes, which they often enlarge. Geographic analysis of nests combined with citizen science data indicate that parrots are limited to developed areas. The most common parrots were less abundant cavity nesters than the native birds which persist in Miami’s urban areas, and far less abundant than the invasive European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Conclusions Exotic parrots breeding elsewhere in the world have harmed native cavity-nesting birds through interference competition, but competitive interference in southeast Florida is minimized by the urban affinities of parrots in this region. The relative abundance and geographic distribution suggest that these parrots are unlikely to invade adjacent wilderness areas.

scholarly journals Citizen-science detects the arrival and establishment of Branchiomma luctuosum (Grube, 1870) (Annelida: Polychaeta: Sabellidae) in Albania

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Tanduo ◽  
Aleksander Golemaj ◽  
Fabio Crocetta
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Marine Biology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Larval Ecology ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Hard Substrates

The invasive fan worm Branchiomma luctuosum (Grube, 1870), originally described from the Red Sea, is first reported here from the Albanian coasts, based on records held in Vlora Bay, a locality near to Valona harbour and Narta Lagoon. Possible pathways of arrival in the area are uncertain. However, species’ larval ecology and life-history traits suggest a secondary spreading through shipping. Social media data mining allowed the confirmation of its establishment in the area, with specimens showing high densities in shallow waters on artificial hard substrates and to backdate its arrival in the area since at least November 2016. Citizen science continues supporting marine biology in the Mediterranean area, especially in countries where proper field studies and research projects are still limited.

scholarly journals Word Analysis of Indonesian Keirsey Temperament

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fikri Iskandar ◽  
Ema Utami ◽  
Agung Budi Prasetio
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Potential Fields ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Word Analysis ◽  
Keirsey Temperament Sorter ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Media Data

Personality uniquely relates to our feeling and pattern to the aspect of actions. This behavior will change through the experience, formal education, and the surrounding environment. This works based on the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, a personality questionnaire developed by David Keirsey. This model divides the personality into four categories as Idealists, Rationals, Guardians, and Artisans. This concept is commonly recognized for the interpretation of specialist trends, potentially contributes to the process of recruitment or selection, and potential fields for analysis of social media data. Words selected by using Chi-Square with an error of 5%. Accuracy of the lexicon approach is 34%, while the best machine learning approach is Random Forest algorithm with 69.59%

scholarly journals Diversity and Abundance of Wet Land Bird Species in Lake Hora-Arsedi, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Askale Girma ◽  
Mesele Admassu
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Point Count Method ◽  
Land Bird

The investigation of species diversity and abundance of birds in Lake Hora Arsedi Bishoftu town was conducted from September 2018 to July 2019. The aim of the study was to assess the diversity and abundance of bird species in Lake Hora Arsedi at Bishoftu town. Point count method was used to investigate the abundance of birds. Observation was conducted periodically walking along the study area early in the morning and late in the afternoon. Different diversity indices and statistical methods (Chi-square test and correlation) were used to analyze data collected during the field survey. Abundance of birds, their richness and evenness as well as birds` diversity recording were made. A total of 14 bird species grouped under 7 orders and 11 families were recorded. The month February had the lowest species diversity (H’= 0.33), species evenness (E = 0.13) and species richness (12). The highest species diversity, evenness and richness were recorded in March and April (H’=0.35), (E = 0.35) and (S = 14), respectively. Variation in abundance of birds was statistically significant between months. Abundance score of frequency of bird species was high during rainy season and uncommon are high during small rainy seasons using encounter rate. Lake Hora Arsedi has a number of natural and human induced bird attractant features. The area possesses favorable places for birds to nest, rest, roost and a good access to food as well as water resources. The study recommends the maintenance of bird watching records to monitor the effectiveness of management and to ensure early detection of any impact on bird numbers or behavior; conservation of Lake Hora Arsedi, its surroundings and making it free from human interference will enable us to conserve these valuable bird species. Hence, conservation measures by wildlife conservation authority and other concerned agencies are important to safeguard these species in the area.

Cognitive Visualization of Popular Regions Discovered From Geo-Tagged Social Media Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Yunzhe Wang ◽  
George Baciu ◽  
Chenhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Clustering ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Photo Sharing ◽  
Cognitive Visualization ◽  
Media Data

This article focuses on the cognitive exploration of photo sharing data which contain information about the location where the photo was taken and potentially some description about the photo. Therefore, the features of photo-spots can be deduced. Spots with similar features constitute a region of cognitive interest. The objective is to identify these regions and allow users to explore into regions of interest by cognitive understanding of their features. The authors propose an approach that makes use of semantic analysis, data clustering, and cognitive visualization. In this article, the authors introduce the design of an interactive visualization interface which projects photo sharing data to cognitive social activity map components. The contributions are two-fold. First, the authors put forward a novel social-media data classification method. Second, the authors suggest a new method to explore social activity maps by discovering regions of cognitive interest. Experiments are performed on the Flickr dataset.

Estimating conservation metrics from atlas data: the case of southern African endemic birds

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN T. K. LEE ◽  
RES ALTWEGG ◽  
PHOEBE BARNARD
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Atlas Data ◽  
Endemic Birds ◽  
Change Metrics ◽  
Threatened Status

SummaryThe robust assessment of conservation status increasingly requires population metrics for species that may be little-researched, with no prospect of immediate improvement, but for which citizen science atlas data may exist. We explore the potential for bird atlas data to generate population metrics of use in red data assessment, using the endemic and near-endemic birds of southern Africa. This region, defined here as South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, is home to a large number of endemic bird species and an active atlas project. The Southern African Bird Atlas Projects (SABAP) 1 and 2 are large-scale citizen science data sets, consisting of hundreds of thousands of bird checklists and > 10 million bird occurrence records on a grid across the subcontinent. These data contain detailed information on species’ distributions and population change. For conservationists, metrics that guide decisions on the conservation status of a species for red listing can be obtained from SABAP, including range size, range change, population change, and range connectivity (fragmentation). We present a range of conservation metrics for these bird species, focusing on population change metrics together with an associated statistical confidence metric. Population change metrics correlate with change metrics calculated from dynamic occupancy modelling for a set of 191 common species. We identify four species with neither international nor local threatened status, yet for which bird atlas data suggest alarming declines, and two species with threatened status for which our metrics suggest could be reconsidered. A standardised approach to deciding the conservation status of a species is useful so that charismatic or flagship species do not receive disproportionate attention, although ultimately conservation status of any species must always be a consultative process.

scholarly journals GIS Mapping and Distribution of Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in India by Using Citizen Science Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Adesh ◽  
Sinha Ankit ◽  
Kanaujia Amita
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Habitat Modeling ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Pavo Cristatus ◽  
The Status

The Indian peacock or Blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus.), the largest of the pheasants commonly called Mor or Mayur, is a bird species recognized for its beauty. Pavo cristatus (Indian peafowl) has been justifiably declared as the National Bird of India in 1963. In India, it is given the ultimate protection by its inclusion in the Schedule I of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The main objective is to encourage citizen participation in generating baseline information using sight records and enable long-term monitoring of Indian peafowl in India. The present study deals with the status and distribution of Indian peafowl in India and the data used is taken from the citizen science database of eBird. The complete dataset of Indian peafowl from 2001-2017 was used to prepare the distribution maps in different years as well as to obtain information on the species' location, and the number of a social group in India. Some potential reported sites were verified during 2013–2017 by visiting the distinct locations. From 2001 to 2017 we found 71,632 records from 15,151 contributors across 26 states/union territories of India. Percentage of individuals observed was 38% (in 2017), 27% (in 2016) and 16% (in 2015) whereas 0% was recorded in 2002, 2006 and 2007. The citizen science data obtained thus has the potential for increasing our understanding of current peafowl distribution patterns, and for categorizing important sites for conservation/protections and to perform occupancy and habitat modeling of Indian peafowl species in India.

scholarly journals Using citizen science to measure recolonisation of birds after the Australian 2019-20 mega-fires

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S Lee ◽  
Corey Thomas Callaghan ◽  
William Kirkham Cornwell
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Fire Planning

Large and severe fires (“mega-fires”) are increasing in frequency across the globe, often pushing into ecosystems that have previously had very long fire return intervals. The 2019-20 Australian bushfire season was one of the most catastrophic fire events on record. Almost 19 million hectares were burnt across the continent displacing and killing unprecedented numbers of native fauna, including bird species. Some bird species are known to thrive in post-fire environments, while others may be absent for an extended period from the firegrounds until there is sufficient ecosystem recovery. To test for systematic patterns in species use of the post-fire environment, we combined citizen science data from eBird with data on sedentism, body size, and the specialisation of diet and habitat. Using generalised additive models, we modelled the response of 76 bird species in SE Australia to the 2019-20 mega-fires. Twenty-two species decreased in occurrence after the fire; thirty species increased; and no significant effect was found for the remaining twenty-four species. Furthermore, diet specialism was associated with reduced recolonisation after fire, with diet specialists less likely to be found in burned areas after the fire event compared to before, a result which generates testable hypotheses for recovery from other mega-fires across the globe. Being displaced from the firegrounds for an event of this geographic magnitude may have severe consequences for population dynamics and thus warrant considerable conservation attention in pre-fire planning and in the post-fire aftermath.

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