scholarly journals COLOURIMETRIC CALIBRATION FOR PHOTOGRAPHY, PHOTOGRAMMETRY, AND PHOTOMODELLING WITHIN ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
L. Carnevali ◽  
F. Lanfranchi ◽  
L. Martelli ◽  
M. Martelli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Calibration Algorithm ◽  
Single Standard ◽  
Architectural Survey ◽  
Error Parameter

Abstract. In accordance with the “Declaration of Rome on architectural survey”, we can affirm that recording and interpretation of colour information in photographic surveying, in photogrammetric surveying and in photomodelling requires careful planning of Colour Imaging processes. Information acquired by an optical sensor is influenced not just by the actual photographed scene, but also by the spectral sensitivity of the sensor. We have adopted, from the field of Cultural Heritage, a method of colourimetric calibration for digital photographs and have proposed some adjustments to finalise this process for the purposes of Architectural Survey. With the use of a colourimetric target and a non-linear transformation algorithm, our Colour Imaging method statistically reconstructs colours conventionally unrecordable by a commercial camera. In addition, this method reconstructs colours as if the photographed object were exposed to a standard illuminant, assessing a colour error parameter value for each photo. By including the colourimetric target in every shot and by applying the calibration algorithm to all photographs taken, the process correlates all data sets to a single standard illuminant: regarding photomodelling, this leads to a more uniform and detailed representation of the surfaces of virtual models. We present two successful examples of application: one focused on a design object with physioplastic decoration and another regarding a circular fountain in a historic villa.

scholarly journals Classification of Pneumonia Cell Images Using Improved ResNet50 Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Ahmet Çınar ◽  
Muhammed Yıldırım ◽  
Yeşim Eroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Error Rates ◽  
Lung Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Patient Will

Pneumonia is a disease caused by inflammation of the lung tissue that is transmitted by various means, primarily bacteria. Early and accurate diagnosis is important in reducing the morbidity and mortality of the disease. The primary imaging method used for the diagnosis of pneumonia is lung x-ray. While typical imaging findings of pneumonia may be present on lung imaging, nonspecific images may be present. In addition, many health units may not have qualified personnel to perform this procedure or there may be errors in diagnoses made by traditional methods. For this reason, computer systems can be used to prevent error rates that may occur in traditional methods. Many methods have been developed to train data sets. In this article, a new model has been developed based on the layers of the ResNet50. The developed model was compared with the architectures InceptionV3, AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet50 and DenseNet201. In the developed model, the maximum accuracy rate was achieved as 97.22%. The model developed was followed by DenseNet201, ResNet50, InceptionV3, GoogleNet and AlexNet, respectively, according to their accuracy. With these developed models, the diagnosis of pneumonia can be made early and accurately, and the treatment management of the patient will be determined quickly.

Seismic diffraction separation in the near-surface: Detection of high contrast voids in unconsolidated soils

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-72
Author(s):  
Parsa Bakhtiari Rad ◽  
Craig J. Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Diffraction Imaging ◽  
Dip Angle ◽  
Scattering Time

Seismic diffractions carry the signature of near-surface high-contrast anomalies and need to be extracted from the data to complement the reflection processing and other geophysical techniques. Since diffractions are often masked by reflections, surface waves and noise, a careful diffraction separation is required as a first step for diffraction imaging. A multiparameter time-imaging method is employed to separate near-surface diffractions. The implemented scheme makes use of the wavefront attributes that are reliable fully data-derived processing parameters. To mitigate the effect of strong noise and wavefield interference in near-surface data, the proposed workflow incorporates two wavefront-based parameters, dip angle and coherence, as additional constraints. The output of the diffraction separation is a time trace-based stacked section that provides the basis for further analysis and applications such as time migration. To evaluate the performance of the proposed wavefront-based workflow, it is applied to two challenging field data sets that were collected over small culverts in very near-surface soft soil environments. The results of the proposed constrained workflow and the existing unconstrained approach are presented and compared. The proposed workflow demonstrates superiority over the existing method by attenuating more reflection and noise, leading to improved diffraction separation. The abundance of unmasked diffractions reveal that the very near-surface is highly scattering. Time migration is carried out to enhance the anomaly detection by focusing of the isolated diffractions. Although strong diffractivity is observed at the approximate location of the targets, there are other diffracting zones observed in the final sections that might bring uncertainties for interpretation.

Integrated Multi-Scalar Approach for 3D Cultural Heritage Acquisitions

2019 ◽  
pp. 443-468
Author(s):  
Michele Russo ◽  
Anna Maria Manferdini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Digital Representations ◽  
Architectural Survey ◽  
Quantitative Evaluations

This contribution presents the results of investigations on the reliability of techniques based on the Structure from Motion approach used for 3D digitizations of build heritage. In particular, we tested the performances of different SfM technologies within an architectural survey context and we developed a procedure with the purpose of easing the work of surveyors called to restore digital representations of artifacts at different scales of complexity. The restored 3D models were compared among each other and with a gold standard acquisition. These analysis led to qualitative and quantitative evaluations and to considerations on times and skills required by all tested technologies. In this work strengths and weaknesses are highlighted and the integration of different technologies is presented, as it represents the best solution in many and recurrent multi-scalar contexts.

Investigating cable effects in spectral induced polarization imaging at the field scale using multicore and coaxial cables

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-49
Author(s):  
Adrian Flores Orozco ◽  
Lukas Aigner ◽  
Jakob Gallistl
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Coaxial Cable ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Spectral Induced Polarization

The Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) method has emerged as a well-suited laboratory technique to characterize hydrogeological and biogeochemical parameters in soil samples. However, field applications of the SIP imaging method are still rare, which can be attributed to the particular care required to minimize the contamination of the data by electromagnetic coupling. To date, field procedures rely on the use of two different cables separating the current and potential dipoles to improve the quality of the SIP readings, although this increases the efforts in the field and might reduce the depth of investigation or the spatial resolution of the data. To overcome these limitations, we investigate here the use of a single coaxial cable, as an alternative to improve data quality and simplify field procedures. We present a thoughtful evaluation of SIP imaging data collected with the same measuring device using a coaxial cable and a combination of multicore cables of different length and manufacturers. Data sets collected with a single coaxial cable reveal a significantly lower number of outliers and high spatial consistency between the phase-lag readings, even for measurements collected with a coaxial cable five times longer than the length of the profile. Furthermore, the data collected with coaxial cables reveal an improved quality for deeper measurements (with lower signal-to-noise ratio) in comparison to data sets collected with separated cables. Our results demonstrate that the use of coaxial cables might permit the collection of SIP readings with high quality and similar field procedures to those used in resistivity surveys.

scholarly journals Visualizing Denmark's Cultural Heritage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Jänicke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Data Sets

Visualization as a method to reveal patterns in large data sets is a powerful tool to build bridges between data science and other research disciplines. The value of visual design is documented with a showcase on the Dansk biografisk Lexikon. The original version of this article was published in the 2020 November issue of Aktuel Naturvidenskab.

scholarly journals Addressing the Challenges of Interoperability and Cultural Heritage Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Fenella G. France ◽  
Andrew Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Structure Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Heritage Science ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Multiple Ontologies

One of the ongoing challenges for effective utilization of heritage science data is the lack of access to well-organized and accessible extant data sets and the need to structure data in formats that allow interrogation and integration of related data. This need for data fusion expands to both subjective and objective measurements and descriptors, as well as a long-overdue need for established guidelines for metadata and shared terminologies, or more critically, ontologies. Research into this area has shown the need for Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) that bridge and integrate multiple ontologies that address specific needs – for example the Getty Vocabularies for cultural heritage terms, the Linked Art model for a simplified core CIDOC-CRM, as well as the OBO Foundry and other scientific ontologies for measurements and heritage science terminology.[1]

scholarly journals FROM ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY TO CONTINUOUS MONITORING: GRAPH-BASED DATA MANAGEMENT FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION WITH DIGITAL TWINS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2021 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
M. Falcone ◽  
A. Origlia ◽  
M. Campi ◽  
S. Di Martino
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
The Many ◽  
Architectural Survey

Abstract. Continuous monitoring procedures are becoming even more crucial for assessing the potential deterioration of architectural structures, due to the many inducted advantages. A cultural heritage site, in fact, is constantly subject to degradation, due in particular to atmospheric agents. Preserving it with preventive analyses is an important goal for the scientific community. In this context, data collection methodologies, together with Artificial Intelligence, play a central role for the analysis of surface degradation. This study aims to present a proposal for the automated analysis of the state of degradation of an artefact, exploiting a novel solution including a combination of a graph database and a dynamic Digital Model. In this regard, a preliminary case study is presented, based on the Quadriportico of the Cathedral of San Matteo in Salerno, Italy.

Empirical Evaluations of Interactive Systems in Cultural Heritage

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Koutsabasis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Complex Activities ◽  
Selection Of

An increasing number of interactive systems aim to enhance the user experience (UX) of visitors at museums, archaeological places and cultural sites. This paper presents a review of empirical evaluations of interactive systems in cultural heritage (CH) based on a systematically selected sample of 53 publications from 2012-2016. Empirical evaluations examine the degree an interactive system satisfies user goals and expectations and are inherently complex activities that require careful planning and selection of methods. The review reports on (a) interactive systems of CH in terms of: purpose, technology, cultural content and location of interaction and (b) methods of empirical evaluation in terms of: dimensions of UX, general approach, data collection and participants. The paper provides discussion, critique and outlook on issues including: extending the evaluation dimensions towards the cultural value and the essence of interactivity; placing more consideration on CH professionals; identifying new evaluation methods that balance qualitative results to evidence-based approaches.

scholarly journals EXPLORING CULTURAL HERITAGE COLLECTIONS IN IMMERSIVE ANALYTICS: CHALLENGES, BENEFITS, AND A CASE STUDY USING VIRTUAL REALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2020 ◽  
pp. 599-606
Author(s):  
K. Koebel ◽  
D. Agotai ◽  
A. Çöltekin
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
User Study ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Heritage Collections ◽  
Exploration Task ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Immersive analytics, at the intersection of visual analytics and virtual reality has recently gained some traction. Taking a similar approach, VaRt-DataExplorer project is concerned with exploration of data spaces in Virtual Reality (VR) in the context of cultural heritage collections. Our main objective is to facilitate better a understanding and insight into spatially referenced cultural heritage data sets. Within the scope of the project, this goal would be achieved by providing potentially ‘intuitive’ forms of real time interaction with the data, and rendering quickly recognizable visuospatial representations to offer more context to cultural artifacts. In particular, a spatial context is provided to the viewers by referencing geographical aspects of the data. Due to the incomplete and imprecise nature of data in this domain, thoughtful attention is given to visualization fidelity. Our initial user study suggests that using an immersive VR offers benefits for the exploration task for the viewer and the user experience provided by VaRt-DataExplorer has received high ratings.

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