scholarly journals Runup parameterization and beach vulnerability assessment on a barrier island: a downscaling approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 3077-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Medellín ◽  
J. A. Brinkkemper ◽  
A. Torres-Freyermuth ◽  
C. M. Appendini ◽  
E. T. Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Tidal Level ◽  
Extreme Water Level ◽  
Wave Hindcast ◽  
Extreme Water Levels ◽  
Wave Induced

Abstract. We present a downscaling approach for the study of wave-induced extreme water levels at a location on a barrier island in Yucatan (Mexico). Wave information from a 30 year wave hindcast is validated with in situ measurements at 8 m water depth. The Maximum Dissimilarity Algorithm is employed for the selection of 600 representative cases, encompassing different wave characteristics and tidal level combinations. The selected cases are propagated from 8 m water depth till the shore using the coupling of a third-generation wave model and a phase-resolving non-hydrostatic Nonlinear Shallow Water Equations model. Extreme wave runup, R2%, is estimated for the simulated cases and can be further employed to reconstruct the 30 year period using an interpolation algorithm. Downscaling results show runup saturation during more energetic wave conditions and modulation owing to tides. The latter suggests that the R2% can be parameterized using a hyperbolic-like formulation with dependency on both wave height and tidal level. The new parametric formulation is in agreement with the downscaling results (r2 = 0.78), allowing a fast calculation of wave-induced extreme water levels at this location. Finally, an assessment of beach vulnerability to wave-induced extreme water level is conducted at the study area by employing the two approaches (reconstruction/parametrization) and a storm impact scale. The 30 year extreme water level hindcast allows the calculation of beach vulnerability as a function of return periods. It is shown that the downscaling-derived parameterization provides reasonable results as compared with the numerical approach. This methodology can be extended to other locations and can be further improved by incorporating the storm surge contributions to the extreme water level.

scholarly journals Run-up parameterization and beach vulnerability assessment on a barrier island: a downscaling approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Medellín ◽  
J. A. Brinkkemper ◽  
A. Torres-Freyermuth ◽  
C. M. Appendini ◽  
E. T. Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Shallow Water Equation ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Tidal Level ◽  
Extreme Water Level ◽  
Extreme Water Levels ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Wave Induced

Abstract. We present a downscaling approach for the study of wave-induced extreme water levels at a location on a barrier island in Yucatán (Mexico). Wave information from a 30-year wave hindcast is validated with in situ measurements at 8 m water depth. The maximum dissimilarity algorithm is employed for the selection of 600 representative cases, encompassing different combinations of wave characteristics and tidal level. The selected cases are propagated from 8 m water depth to the shore using the coupling of a third-generation wave model and a phase-resolving non-hydrostatic nonlinear shallow-water equation model. Extreme wave run-up, R2%, is estimated for the simulated cases and can be further employed to reconstruct the 30-year time series using an interpolation algorithm. Downscaling results show run-up saturation during more energetic wave conditions and modulation owing to tides. The latter suggests that the R2% can be parameterized using a hyperbolic-like formulation with dependency on both wave height and tidal level. The new parametric formulation is in agreement with the downscaling results (r2  =  0.78), allowing a fast calculation of wave-induced extreme water levels at this location. Finally, an assessment of beach vulnerability to wave-induced extreme water levels is conducted at the study area by employing the two approaches (reconstruction/parameterization) and a storm impact scale. The 30-year extreme water level hindcast allows the calculation of beach vulnerability as a function of return periods. It is shown that the downscaling-derived parameterization provides reasonable results as compared with the numerical approach. This methodology can be extended to other locations and can be further improved by incorporating the storm surge contributions to the extreme water level.

scholarly journals EXTREME WATER LEVEL EXCEEDANCE PROBABILITIES AROUND AUSTRALIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Leigh MacPherson ◽  
Ivan David Haigh ◽  
Matthew Mason ◽  
Sarath Wijeratne ◽  
Charitha Pattiaratchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Extreme Water Level ◽  
Extreme Water Levels

The potential impacts of extreme water level events on our coasts are increasing as populations grow and sea levels rise. To better prepare for the future, coastal engineers and managers need accurate estimates of average exceedance probabilities for extreme water levels. In this paper, we estimate present day probabilities of extreme water levels around the entire coastline of Australia. Tides and storm surges generated by extra-tropical storms were included by creating a 61-year (1949-2009) hindcast of water levels using a high resolution depth averaged hydrodynamic model driven with meteorological data from a global reanalysis. Tropical cyclone-induced surges were included through numerical modelling of a database of synthetic tropical cyclones equivalent to 10,000 years of cyclone activity around Australia. Predicted water level data was analysed using extreme value theory to construct return period curves for both the water level hindcast and synthetic tropical cyclone modelling. These return period curves were then combined by taking the highest water level at each return period.

Seedling recruitment of 11 wetland plant species along a water level gradient: shared or distinct responses?

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1876-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Keddy ◽  
Timothy H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Spartina Pectinata ◽  
Sagittaria Latifolia

Where many different plant species occupy an environmental gradient, the responses of their offspring to that gradient could show one of two patterns. All species could have similar requirements for maximum recruitment, in which case all would show maximum germination and emergence in the same region of the gradient ("shared responses"). Alternatively, each species could have different requirements for recruitment and therefore would show maximum recruitment in different regions of the gradient ("distinct responses"). The objective of this study was to test between these two alternatives in plants occurring along a water level gradient. Seeds of 11 wetland species were allowed to germinate in sand along a gradient of water depth, ranging from 10 cm above to 5 cm below the substrate surface. Scirpus americanus, S. validus, Sagittaria latifolia, Typha angustifolia, and Lythrum salicaria showed no significant response to this gradient, while Spartina pectinata, Polygonum punctatum, Bidens cernua, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, and Eupatorium perfoliatum did. However, the six species in the latter group did not exhibit shared preferences along the water depth gradient. These different recruitment patterns were consistent with adult distributions in the field. Most species showed some recruitment at all water levels examined, suggesting that they have broad tolerance limits for water level in the recruitment phase of their life history.

Effects of nutrients and water levels on emergent macrophyte biomass in a prairie marsh

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Neill
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Nitrogen Limitation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Water Depths

Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were added over two growing seasons to marshes dominated by whitetop grass (Scolochloa festucacea) or cattail (Typha glauca) in a prairie lacustrine marsh to assess nutrient limitation and the interaction of nutrient limitation with water depth. For each species, stands were selected at the deep and shallow extremes of its water depth range. Water levels were high during the first year of fertilization and low during the second year, exposing the fertilized stands to a variety of water depths. Nitrogen limited growth in whitetop and cattail marshes. Water level, by controlling whether the soil was flooded or the water table was below the soil surface, affected growth and the degree of nitrogen limitation. In whitetop marshes, nitrogen increased biomass more when the soil was flooded or when standing water was deeper and in cattail marshes, it increased biomass more under intermediate water depths (approximately 0–20 cm) than under more deeply flooded (20–40 cm) or dry conditions. Nitrogen reduced biomass in whitetop marshes the second year, apparently because growth was inhibited by fallen litter from the previous year. Nitrogen did not limit cattail marsh biomass in the driest locations during a year of low water levels. Phosphorus caused a small increase in growth of both species after 2 years. Changes of nitrogen limitation with flooding suggest that annual water level fluctuations, by creating alternating flooded and dry conditions, may influence the primary production of emergent macrophytes through effects on nitrogen cycling.

scholarly journals WAVE MODELING WITH SWAN+ADCIRC FOR THE SOUTH CAROLINA COASTAL STORM SURGE STUDY

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Christopher Bender ◽  
William Miller ◽  
Ashley Naimaster ◽  
Tucker Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The South ◽  
Wave Parameters ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Wave Induced ◽  
Adcirc Model

The South Carolina Surge Study (SCSS) used the tightly coupled SWAN+ADCIRC model to simulate tropical storm surge events. The tightly coupled model allowed calculation of wave-induced water level changes within the storm surge simulations. Inclusion of the wave-induced water level changes represents a more physics-based approach than previous methods that added wave setup after model simulations ended. Development of the SWAN+ADCIRC model included validation of water levels to local tidal forcing and for three historical hurricanes — Hazel (1954), Hugo (1989), and Ophelia (2005). The validation for waves did not include Hurricane Hazel because measured data was unavailable. Additional comparisons with WAM model results provided supplemental support to the SWAN model results. Model output applied in comparisons included contour plots of maximum wave parameters, time series of wave parameters at selected locations, and wave spectra.

scholarly journals Using White Star (Nymphoides humboldtiana) for lake landscaping

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Carla D Tedesco ◽  
Claudia Petry ◽  
Edson C Bortoluzzi ◽  
Alfredo Castamann
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Native Species ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
High Water Level ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
White Star

ABSTRACT White Star (Nymphoides humboldtiana), an aquatic-environmental native species of Brazilian flora, was selected in order to be used as ornamental plant in lakes. White Star plants were submitted to two water levels (high water level, up to 30 cm water depth and, low water level until substrate saturation) and two light intensities (full sun and 50% shading) to evaluate vegetative and flowering development. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a subplot scheme, being the water level the main plot and luminosity the subplot. Seven replicates were performed, and the sample unit consisted of one plant. Data related to number of leaves and flowers, length and diameter of petioles and leaf area were submitted to analyze of variance and regression. We observed an increase in number of leaves and flowers in the treatment of high water level in full sun, and an increase of petiole length in high water level with shading. No difference between leaf area of plants grown under full sun and with shading (p<0.05) was observed. At low water level, plants presented lower vegetative development than those grown at high water level, besides the flowering inhibition in shaded condition. These results demonstrated that White Star can be used in ornamental lakes with a water depth of at least 20 cm above the rhizome and exposed to full sun.

scholarly journals The Role of Beach Morphology and Mid-Century Climate Change Effects on Wave Runup and Storm Impact on the Northern Yucatan Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Gabriela Medellín ◽  
Martí Mayor ◽  
Christian M. Appendini ◽  
Ruth Cerezo-Mota ◽  
José A. Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Beach Morphology ◽  
Extreme Water Levels ◽  
Storm Impact ◽  
Wave Conditions

Wave runup is a relevant parameter to determine the storm impact on barrier islands. Here, the role of the beach morphology on wave runup and storm impact was investigated at four coastal communities located on the northern Yucatan coast. Current wave conditions based on regional wind simulations, topo-bathymetric transects measured at each location, and a nonlinear wave transformation model were employed to reconstruct multi-year runup time series. Dune morphology features and extreme water levels (excluding storm surge contributions) were further employed to determine the storm impact at each site for different return periods. Despite the similar offshore conditions along the coast, extreme water levels (i.e., runup and setup) showed intersite differences that were mainly ascribed to subaerial and submerged morphological features. Numerical results showed that the average surf zone beach slope, sandbars, berm, and dune elevation played an important role in controlling extreme water levels and storm impact at the study sites under the present climate. Moreover, in order to assess the potential effect of climate change on coastal flooding, we analyzed wave runup and storm impact in the best-preserved site by considering wave conditions and sea level rise (SLR) projections under the RCP 8.5 scenario. Modelling results suggest no significant increase in the storm impact regime between the present and future conditions in the study area unless SLR is considered. It was found that to accurately estimate SLR contribution, it should be incorporated into mean sea level prior to performing numerical wave runup simulations, rather than simply adding it to the resulting wave-induced water levels.

scholarly journals About the accuracy of defi nition of average and extreme water levels at reduction of terms of observations on posts of the Ob and Taz estuaries

2017 ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Piskun
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Extreme Water Levels

The water level characteristics calculated for hourly observations and observations at 4 and 2 times per day at the Yamsal Bar, Novy Port, Seyakha, Tambey, Drovyanaya, and Antipyuta were compared. Presented discrepancies (differences) between observations of different discrete for the average daily, average monthly, average annual and extreme level. It is shown that the greatest discrepancies between hourly observations and observations in 4 terms in determining the average daily levels reach 8–33 cm, the average monthly — 1–3 cm, the average annual — close to zero, extreme — 32–78 cm. The greatest discrepancies between hourly observations and observations in 2 terms in determining the average daily levels reach 21–96 cm, the average monthly — 4–27 cm, the average annual — 2–3 cm, extreme — 60–177 cm.

scholarly journals BARRIER ISLAND RESTORATION FOR STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION: WILLAPA BAY, WASHINGTON, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
David R Michalsen ◽  
Steven D Babcock ◽  
Lihwa Lin
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Storm Damage ◽  
Indian Reservation ◽  
Island Restoration ◽  
Damage Reduction ◽  
Extreme Water Levels

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District has completed a feasibility study and determined barrier island restoration to be the most appropriate long-term coastal flood and storm damage reduction measure for the Shoalwater Indian Reservation. Over the last century, Cape Shoalwater has receded more than 2.8 miles. By 1990, the Shoalwater Reservation’s only remaining protection from storm wave attack was a series of barrier islands fronting Tokeland Peninsula. Extreme water levels coincident with strong winter storms have historically inundated this low lying topography and are responsible for the erosion and overwash of the protective barrier island known as Graveyard Spit. Here a simple risk assessment tool is presented for identifying flood risk to the Shoalwater Reservation infrastructure. Statistical analysis of extreme water levels and numerical modeling is utilized to determine the extent of inundation. From the analysis it was determined 54% of the inventoried infrastructure is at risk during a storm event equivalent to the observed event on March 3, 1999. With the barrier island restoration it was found that this risk is reduced to 7%.

scholarly journals Flood frequency analysis of the Djetinja river

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milijasevic
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Flood Frequency Analysis ◽  
Extreme Water Levels ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Hydrological Forecast

Based on extreme water levels data, using the method of series, a forecast for protection of river has been accomplished, i.e. probable water level maximums of the Djetinja river at Sengolj were measured. High flows were analyzed with a probability from 0.01% to 99.9%. These probabilities indicate the occurrence of high flows of certain values once in 10.000, 1.000, 100, 33, 20 etc years. Applying a hydrological forecast, one can perceive the possibility for using water resources for various purposes, as well as protection of areas and people from flooding. A review of the greatest floods in the Djetinja drainage basin in the last hundred years is given in this paper. .

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document