scholarly journals Recent changes in sediment redistribution in the upper parts of the fluvial system of European Russia: regional aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. P. Yermolaev ◽  
V. N. Golosov ◽  
M. V. Kumani ◽  
L. F. Litvin ◽  
I. I. Rysin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Fluvial System ◽  
Sediment Redistribution ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Gully Head ◽  
Major Reduction ◽  
Quantitative Assessments

Abstract. Quantitative assessments of soil loss from cultivated land and sediment redistribution along pathways from cultivated fields to river channels have been undertaken using a range of different methods and techniques, including erosion models, detailed studies of sediment redistribution in representative catchments, monitoring of gully head retreat and evaluation of sediment deposition in ponds and small reservoirs. Most of the sediment eroded from arable land is deposited between the lower portions of the cultivated slopes and the river channels. Less than 15% of the eroded sediment is delivered to the river channels. Sediment redistribution rates in the upper parts of the fluvial system have declined during the last 25 years in both the western and eastern parts of the Russian Plain, because of a major reduction of surface runoff during snowmelt and a reduction of the area of arable land in some parts of the study area.

scholarly journals Riverine Sediment Changes and Channel Pattern of a Gravel-Bed Mountain Torrent

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Seier ◽  
Stefan Schöttl ◽  
Andreas Kellerer-Pirklbauer ◽  
Raphael Glück ◽  
Gerhard K. Lieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Braided River ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Sediment Redistribution ◽  
Alluvial Channel

The alluvial channel of the Langgriesgraben (Austria) is a highly active geomorphic riverine subcatchment of the Johnsbach River with intermittent discharge and braided river structures. The high sediment yield entails both issues and opportunities. For decades, the riverbed was exploited as a gravel pit. Today, as part of the Gesäuse National Park and after renaturation, the sediment yield endangers a locally important bridge located at the outlet of the subcatchment. High-resolution geospatial investigations are vital for the quantification of sediment redistribution, which is relevant in terms of river management. Based on unmanned aerial system (UAS) surveys in 2015 (July, September, and October) and 2019 (August and October), high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) were generated, which enable us to quantify intra- and multiannual sediment changes. As surface runoff at the subcatchment occurs on only a few days per year with flash floods and debris flows that are not predictable and thus hardly observable, the subsurface water conditions were assessed based on electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements, which were conducted in 2019 (November) and 2020 (May, June). Results of the UAS-based surveys showed that, considering the data quality, intra-annual sediment changes affected only small subareas, whereas multiannual changes occurred in the entire study area and amount to net sediment deposition of ≈0.3–0.4 m3m−2, depending on the channel section. In addition, the elevation differences for both intra-annual surveys revealed linear patterns that can be interpreted as braided river channels. As in both survey periods the same areas were affected by changes, it can be concluded that the channel mainly affected by reshaping persisted within the 4-year observation period. The subsurface investigations showed that although both near-surface and groundwater conditions changed, near-surface sediments are mostly dry with a thickness of several meters during the observations.

scholarly journals Solar Water Pumping in Energy, Water and Food Nexus of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Ramesh Ranabhat ◽  
Sundar Bahadur Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Irrigation Projects ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Food Deficit

Agricultural based country Nepal has sufficient arable land. Even though sufficient water sources for the irrigation, farmers are fully reliant on the monsoon. More over only about 18 percent of the total cultivated land receives year round irrigation. More than half of the population have less than 0.5 hectare with average land holding of 0.85 hectare. With this intensive care can give to their farm. But only a season they are cultivated their land. In this context about seventy one thousand tons of food deficit in the country annually. But rapidly declining costs and technology improvements encourage to adopt solar based systems for the irrigation projects. So that is interested to supplement their income through growing vegetables in commercial scale with changing crop pattern through irrigation. Integrated approach for Energy-Water-Food would be essential for development.

scholarly journals Land Use Evaluation over the Jema Watershed, in the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mintesinot Taye ◽  
Belay Simane ◽  
Benjamin F. Zaitchik ◽  
Yihenew G. Selassie ◽  
Shimelis Setegn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Annual Crop ◽  
Crop Land ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin

Generating land capability class guidelines at a watershed scale has become a priority in sustainable agricultural land use. This study analyzed the area of cultivated land use situated on the non-arable land-capability class in the Jema watershed in the Upper Blue Nile River Basin. Soil surveys, meteorological ground observations, a digital elevation model (DEM) at 30 m, Meteosat at 10 km × 10 km and Landsat at 30 m were used to generate the sample soil texture class, average annual total rainfall (ATRF in mm), terrain, slope (%), elevation (m a.s.l) and land-use land cover (%). The land capability class was analyzed by considering raster layers of terrain, the average ATRF and soil texture. Geo-statistics was employed to fit a surface of soil texture and average ATRF estimates. An overlay technique was used to compute the proportion of cultivated land placed on non-arable land. As per the results of the terrain analysis, the elevation (m a.s.l) of the watershed is in the range of 1895 to 3518 m. The slope was found to be in the range of 0 to 45%. The amount of estimated rainfall ranged from 1640 to 131 mm with value declined from the lower to the higher elevation. Clay loam, clay and heavy clay were found to be the major soil texture classes. Four land capability classes, i.e., II, III, IV (arable) and V (non-arable), were identified with proportions of 28.56%, 45.74%, 22.16% and 3.54%, respectively. Seven land-use land covers were identified, i.e., annual crop land, grazing land, bush land, bare land, settlement land, forestland and water bodies, with proportions of 42.1, 35.9, 8.90, 8.3, 2.6, 2.1, and 0.2, respectively. Around 1707.7 ha of land in the watershed is categorized under non-arable land that cannot be used for annual crop cultivation at any level of intensity. Around 437 ha (3.5%) of land was cultivated on non-arable land. To conclude, the observed unsustainable crop land use could maximize soil loss in upstream regions and siltation and flooding downstream. The annual crop land use that was observed on non-arable land needs to be replaced with perennial crops, pasture and/or forest land uses.

The Study on Dynamic Change of Cultivated Land Resources and Driving Forces - A Study Case of Lixian County, Hebei Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Can Zhang ◽  
Hui Chun Shi ◽  
Xia Xia Lv
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Statistical Yearbook

In this paper, Lixian County 2001-2010 dynamic changes of cultivated land resources were studied. Studies have shown that: the past 10 years the average annual reduction rate of 0.72% Lixian County arable land, and the reduction since 2002, much faster, In the spatial region, most dramatic change is more economically developed society Liwu Town, Dabaichi Town, Xinxing Town and Liushi Town. According to the statistical Yearbook 2001-2010 review, we select factor and use principal component analysis. The main driving factors of impacting Lixian County arable land resources change are economic factor, demographic factor and progress in agricultural technology factor.

The forecast of cultivate land quantity based on Grey-Markov model

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Huan ◽  
Qing-mei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investigation Methods

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to employ the Grey-Markov Chain Model for the scale prediction of cultivated land and took an empirical research with the case of Jiangsu province. Design/methodology/approach – Along with China’s industrialization and urbanization accelerated, a large number of cultivated land converse into construction land. The change of utilization of cultivated land concerns national food security and sustainable development of economy and society. Due to the fact that the different investigation methods of arable land usually cause a uncertain. The Grey-Markov model combines the Grey GM(1,1) and Markov chain, with two advantages of dealing with poor information and long-term and volatile series. A numeric example of scale prediction of cultivated land in Jiangsu province is also computed in the third part of the paper. Findings – The results show that the Grey-Markov Chain Model has a higher prediction accuracy compared with GM (1,1), which is a reliable guarantee for the change of cultivated land resources. Practical implications – The forecast of cultivated land can provide useful information for the general land use planning. Originality/value – The paper confirmed the feasibility of the Grey-Markov model in scale prediction of cultivated land.

Analysis and Forecast of the Arable Land Resource and Food Production Safety in Anhui Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 229-232
Author(s):  
Hai Min Su ◽  
Ai Xia He
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Pressure Index ◽  
Production Safety ◽  
Per Capita

The total dynamic changes of the cultivated land and food production from 1990 to 2010 in Anhui Province were analyzed using the statistic data and minimum cultivated land per capita and pressure index on cultivated land were calculated based on cultivated land, food production and population. At the same time, adopting GM(1,1) model, per capita cultivated land area, minimum cultivated land per capita and pressure index on cultivated land were forecasted in the future7 years. The results show that: (1) the total amount of the cultivated land decreased on the whole, steady decline early, while increased considerably late; Grain output went up steadily in the fluctuation in general; and the change of minimum cultivated land per capita and pressure index on cultivated land was not significant. (2) GM (1,1) gray model shows per capita cultivated land area, minimum cultivated land per capita and pressure index on cultivated land decreased, and arable land per capita is higher than the minimum per capita arable land area which descript farmland productivity levels higher than the level of food consumption.

Farmland Damage and Treatment Status in Coal Mining Subsidence Area with High Phreatic Water Level

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2190-2194
Author(s):  
Guang Hua Yang ◽  
Yao Qi Yang ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Shan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Coal Resources ◽  
Treatment Status ◽  
Phreatic Water

It is a typical and representative problem which coal mining has been causing serious damage in the Eastern Plains of China with high phreatic water level. Based on GIS technology, we analyzed the characters of cropland and coal resources, the results showed that the area of the overlapped areas of cropland and coal resources was 1.28 × 105km2, which accounted for 38.22% of the total arable land of the study area. Based on investigation and statistics, we investigated and forecast the farmland damage and analyzed the comprehensive treatment status in the typical region, the results showed that coal mining led to farmland subsided depth and perennial water, the recovery rate of cultivated land was between 50% and 70% in the treated area and more lower in the untreated area, the trend of arable land area continued to reduce would be hard to contain, the local governments faced unprecedented pressure on cultivated land protection.

Analysis on the Change of Arable Land Area and its Driving Force in Hefei City

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4879-4882
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Yang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Change ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Per Capita

In recent years, the decrease of total arable land area and the area per capita of available arable land resource are serious problems in China. These problems will become more serious with the development of economy. In this paper, based on the statistical data of cultivated land in Hefei city from 1998 to 2009, their driving forces of the cultivated land change were analyzed by means of principal component analysis. The results showed the changing trends. The total and per capita of cultivated land were declining, but the speed of change was not the same. The sharp decrease was occurred in the period of 2002-2005. Nine affecting factors having influenced on cultivated land change which were analyzed by principal component analysis. The results show that population growth, economic development and efficiency of agricultural production were main driving forces affecting cultivated land change in Hefei city.

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