scholarly journals Do different time intervals in placement of restorative materials over calcium silicate cements, affect interface microhardness of different restorative materials?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Bolhari ◽  
Naghmeh Meraji ◽  
Pegah Khazaee ◽  
Sholeh Ghabraei ◽  
Sara Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Material Interface ◽  
Cem Cement ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cements ◽  
Post Hoc

Objectives: The type of materials and application time of final restorations on calcium silicate cements (CSCs) are important factors which influence the interfacial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different placement time of RMGI (Resin Modified Glass Ionomer), composite resin and amalgam over different CSCs on the surface microhardness of these restorative materials.Methods: Each CSCs material (Biodentine, MTA, CEM cement) was mixed and carried into a hole (6mm diameter ×4 mm thickness) in the center of 270 molds (n=90 /each CSC). Then these molds were randomly divided into three main experimental groups (n=30) in regard of restorative materials (Amalgam, RMGI, Composite) that were placed in the other molds with the same hole size to make restorative materials and CSCs in contact together. Afterwards, each experimental group was divided into three subgroups according to the time interval of restoration placement that was immediately, after 24h and after 72h (n=10). Two molds were separated from each other after one week storage in incubator with 100% humidity in 37 °C, in order to evaluate the Vickers microhardness of restorative materials in CSC-restorative material interface. Statistical analysis included two-way Anova followed by Post hoc Dunnett T3 in cases with lack of homogeneity and Tukey HSD in cases with homogeneity.(p=0.05)Results: The microhardness of all restorative materials was neither significantly influenced by the CSCs materials (p>0.05) nor by the timing of final restoration (p>0.05) except in RMGI in immediate contact with CEM cement. (p<0.001)Conclusion: Restorative materials hardness in interface with studied CSCs may not affect. This in vitro study found no evidence against immediate definitive restoration over CSCs. 

scholarly journals Tooth discoloration induced by apical plugs with hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements in teeth with open apices—a 2-year in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Krug ◽  
C. Ortmann ◽  
S. Reich ◽  
B. Hahn ◽  
G. Krastl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives To assess tooth discoloration induced by different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (HCSCs), including effects of blood and placement method. Materials and methods Eighty bovine teeth cut to a length of 18 mm (crown 8 mm, root 10 mm) were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 8), receiving orthograde apical plug treatment (APT). Apical plugs were 4 mm in length and made of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), Medcem MTA (Medcem), TotalFill BC RRM Fast Set Putty (Brasseler), or Medcem Medical Portland Cement (Medcem) plus bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) with and without bovine blood. Further, orthograde (with or without preoperative adhesive coronal dentin sealing) and retrograde APT were compared. Teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and sealer, sealed with composite and stored in distilled water. Tooth color was measured on apical plug, gutta-percha/sealer, and crown surface before treatment versus 24 h, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment by spectrophotometry. Color difference (ΔE) values were calculated and analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk test, ANOVA with post hoc tests, Friedman test, t test, and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = .05). Results Tooth discoloration occurred in all groups with no significant differences between HCSCs (p > .05). After 24 months, color changes were prominent on roots but insignificant on crowns. Blood contamination induced a significantly decreased luminescence (p < .05). Blood had a stronger impact on tooth color than Bi2O3. No relevant effects of retrograde placement (p > .05) or preoperative dentin sealing (p > .05) were detected. Conclusions Apical plugs of the tested HCSCs cause discoloration of bovine roots, but not discoloration of bovine tooth crowns within a 24-month period. Clinical relevance APT should be performed carefully while avoiding direct contact with the coronal dentin, and in that case no aesthetic impairments occur.

scholarly journals Effect of Incorporation of Disinfectants on Surface Hardness and Dimensional Accuracy of Die Stone: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Anubhuti Bakshi ◽  
Rajat Dang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate surface hardness and dimensional accuracy of type IV dental stone after incorporation of disinfectants. Materials and methods A total of 100 specimens, 50 (40 mm⨯ 10 mm) disk shaped and 50 frustum cone shaped, were fab- ricated from type IV dental stone after incorporation of various disinfectants, namely glutaraldehyde (2%), iodophor (1.76%), chlorhexidine (2%), and sodium hypochlorite (1%), for evaluation of surface hardness and dimensional accuracy. Surface hardness was tested after 1- and 24-hour time interval using Rockwell hard- ness testing machine. Dimensional accuracy was measured using traveling microscope. Data obtained were compiled and analyzed statistically by using analysis of variance and post hoc test. Results Results showed significant decrease in surface hard- ness of samples incorporated with disinfectants at 1 hour as compared with control (distilled water). Surface hardness of all the samples increased with time and was almost equal to control group at 24-hour interval, with iodophor showing the maximum value in comparison with the other disinfectants used. When dimensional accuracy of all the groups was compared, iodophor and sodium hypochlorite were found to cause negative alterations. Conclusion Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it was concluded that incorporation of disinfectants in die stone during mixing did not affect the hardness value at 24-hour interval. Dimensional accuracy was altered by iodophor and sodium hypochlorite, but remained unaffected by chlorhexidine and glutaraldehyde. How to cite this article Bakshi A, Dang R. Effect of Incorpo- ration of Disinfectants on Surface Hardness and Dimensional Accuracy of Die Stone An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2017;7(3):86-91.

scholarly journals Time-dependent Variation in Compressive Strengths of Three Posterior Esthetic Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Anjna Sharma ◽  
Pankaj Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the compressive strengths of composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) at different times. Materials and methods A total of 36 samples were prepared, 12 samples of each group, composite resins Filtek Z 250, Filtek Z 350, and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Compressive strengths of specimens were measured after 1, 24 hours, and 7 days. Test was carried out on a “Universal Testing Machine” with cross-head speed of 5 mm/min. Results There was a significant difference between all the three restorative materials. Analysis of variance showed that mean compressive strengths of Z 250 after 1, 24 hours were higher than Z 350 and RMGIC (p < 0.05). The mean compressive strengths were reduced after 7 days in all the three groups, but after 7 days, the values of Z 250 when compared with the Z 350 and RMGIC were higher. Conclusion The study demonstrated that compressive strengths of hybrid composite resins (Z 250) were significantly higher than that of nanocomposites (Z 350) and RMGIC. How to cite this article Sharma A, Mishra P, Mishra SK. Time-dependent Variation in Compressive Strengths of Three Posterior Esthetic Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(3):63-65.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation and Microleakage of Three Glass Ionomer-Based Class V Restorations: In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha M. Ebaya ◽  
Ashraf I. Ali ◽  
Salah H. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Class V ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Molar Teeth

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the marginal adaptation and microleakage of class V cavities restored with conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and bioactive ionic resin (BIR) restorative materials after 6 months of water storage. Materials and Methods One hundred twenty standardized class V cavities (2 mm deep, 4 mm in width, and 3 mm in height) were prepared in sound extracted human molar teeth, where the coronal margins were in enamel while the cervical margins were in dentin. Three glass ionomer-based restorations were tested (n = 40): GIC (Equia Fil), RMGI (Fuji II LC), and BIR (ACTIVA Bioactive Restorative). Half of the teeth from each group (n = 20) were evaluated for their marginal adaptation with scanning electron microscopy and the other half submitted to dye penetration test to examine microleakage. Further division for each subgroup (n = 10) occurred to be tested immediately, while the remaining teeth were examined after keeping for 6 months and thermocycling. Statistical analysis The outcomes were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results No statistically significant differences were observed among the three studied restorative materials. However, the differences were statistically significant in microleakage test between enamel and dentin and after water aging. Conclusion All tested restorative materials exhibited the same marginal adaptation and microleakage. Dentin substrate revealed greater microleakage than enamel, especially with BIR restorative material. Water aging had a negative effect on RMGI with respect to microleakage.

Effect of root canal irrigants on calcium silicate cements: An In vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Astha Agrawal ◽  
Anika Mittal ◽  
Shifali Dadu ◽  
Aditi Dhaundiyal ◽  
Nikita Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cements

scholarly journals Bio-Inductive Materials in Direct and Indirect Pulp Capping—A Review Article

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kunert ◽  
Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Vital Pulp Therapy ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cements ◽  
Competitive Pricing ◽  
Indirect Pulp Capping

The article is aimed at analyzing the available research and comparing the properties of bio-inductive materials in direct and indirect pulp capping procedures. The properties and clinical performances of four calcium-silicate cements (ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, RetroMTA, Biodentine), a light-cured calcium silicate-based material (TheraCal LC) and an enhanced resin-modified glass-ionomer (ACTIVA BioACTIVE) are widely discussed. A correlation of in vitro and in vivo data revealed that, currently, the most validated material for pulp capping procedures is still MTA. Despite Biodentine’s superiority in relatively easier manipulation, competitive pricing and predictable clinical outcome, more long-term clinical studies on Biodentine as a pulp capping agent are needed. According to available research, there is also insufficient evidence to support the use of TheraCal LC or ACTIVA BioACTIVE BASE/LINER in vital pulp therapy.

EFFECT OF HUMAN ENAMEL ON WEAR OF THREE TYPES OF INTERIM RESTORATIVE MATERIALS (AN IN-VITRO STUDY)

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 3933-3945
Author(s):  
Khaled Haggag ◽  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Zainab EL Sharkawy
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Restorative Materials

scholarly journals Effect of Citric Acid on Color Changes of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements an In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Till Dammaschke ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of 10% and 40% citric acid (CA) on the color of calcium silicate–based cements (CSCs) in comparison to the effects of common root canal irrigants. Samples of six CSCs (n = 6)—ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France), MTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, by Prevest Denpro Limited, Jammu, India), MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Ortho MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), and Retro MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea)—were immersed in 10% and 40% CA as well as 15% EDTA, 2% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 0.9% NaCl for 15 min, 1 h, and 24 h. ΔE values, representing the difference between the final and baseline values of the color components, were then determined using a VITA Easyshade Compact 5.0 spectrophotometer. Naked-eye evaluation of the changes in color and structures of the materials was performed using our own scale. Upon immersion of the materials in both 10% and 40% CA, there were statistically significant differences between spectrophotometric color measurement results for all CSCs (P < 0.05). However, CA does not cause dark discoloration, observable with the naked eye, of any of the materials, such as NaOCl and CHX. Significant statistical differences were also found between all CSCs in terms of submersion duration (P < 0.05). CA, which could be an alternative to EDTA use, caused greater CSCs discoloration and changed some of their structures. Unless required by the therapeutic procedure, clinicians should pay attention to the fact that the irrigant may affect the CSCs discoloration and minimize the contact time of irrigant with CSCs.

scholarly journals Potential of different fluoride gels to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by gastroesophageal reflux

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Körner ◽  
Luca Georgis ◽  
Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Florian J. Wegehaupt
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erosive Tooth Wear ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Abstract Background This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear. Methods Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens [randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)] were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 h by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 h (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels [Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)] in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm), G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) showed the overall best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047). Conclusions After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.

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