scholarly journals "Caine's Stake": Aimé Césaire, Emmett Till, and the Work of Acknowledgment

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey McCall
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Aime Cesaire ◽  
Political Work ◽  
State Of The Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
French Communist Party

Our reasons for avoiding death are manifold, encompassing among others, motives that are personal, political, and historical. Still, are there ways that we might use words to overcome these common everyday aversions to death and the dead through another modality of language, that of poetry for example? Can the poetic word get us to acknowledge the particulars of death despite the various reasons we have to disavow it? Might we use language not simply grasp death abstractly (or more accurately, fail to grasp it) but instead to realize what death means in its awful particularity? These questions are prompted by Aimé Césaire’s poerty and his prose, and by his elegy for Emmett Till in particular. Through his writings and his political work, one of Césaire’s key aims was to get people to acknowledge what they would prefer to avoid.  Césaire’s work, both his poetry and prose, urges readers to see the things they would prefer not to see and to show us how language stakes us to the world in all its terrifying awfulness and wondrous splendor, despite our desperate attempts to avoid this realization.This essay is divided into two parts. The first part looks at how this problem of alienation and the need to acknowle this alienation motivates Césaire’s writing more generally, focusing on the ten years between 1945 (when his essay “Poetry and Knowledge” is published) and 1955 (when the second edition of his Discourse on Colonialism is published). In order to consider how alienation and acknowledgement work in this celebrated text, I consider related works and their contexts from the period from 1950-1956, including his famous letter of resignation from the French Communist Party. This sets the stage for the reading of Césaire’s Ferraments provided in the second section.  The second part examines how and why Césaire sought acknowledgement for Emmett Till’s brutal murder through his poetry, focusing specifically on his poem “…On the State of the Union” from his 1960 collection Ferraments.

The Concept and Task of Eschatology — Theological and Philosophical Reflections

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
The State ◽  
Human History ◽  
Preceding Section ◽  
Last Judgment ◽  
The World ◽  
Resurrection Of The Dead ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Lutheran Orthodoxy ◽  
And Task

(1) The term ‘eschatology’ stems from Abraham Calov who entitled the twelfth and last section of his masterpiece of dogmatics, Systema locorum Theologicorum (1677), ‘EΣXATOΛOΓIA Sacra’. This final section, which concludes the Dogmatics of a leading representative of Lutheran Orthodoxy, deals with the ‘last things’ (de novissimis), specifically death and the state after death, the resurrection of the dead, the last Judgment, the consummation of the world, hell and everlasting death, and, finally, life everlasting. Calov does not define the artificial term ‘eschatologia’ which he himself had probably coined; he hardly even explains it in the course of his presentation, so that it remains a mere heading. Clearly it applies to the eschaton, namely ‘the end’, which, according to I Cor. 15.24, comes about when Christ, after subjugating all powers and authorities, delivers over the dominion to God the Father (quaestio 2). In the preceding section Calov had cited NT texts which explicitly or implicitly speak of the eschata, the last things, or of the last day/days as the conclusion of human history.

The Civil Governance of Death: The Making of Chinese Political Subjects at the End of Life

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Huwy-Min Lucia Liu
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Chinese Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Chinese Communist Party ◽  
Party State

This article discusses how the Chinese Communist Party governed death in Shanghai during the first half of the People's Republic of China. It examines how officials nationalized funeral institutions, promoted cremation, and transformed what they believed to be the unproductivity of the funeral industry into productivity (by raising pigs in cemeteries, for instance). I show how each of these policies eliminated possible sources of identity that were prevalent in conceptualizing who the dead were and what their relationships with the living could be. Specifically, in addition to the construction of socialist workers, the state worked to remove cosmopolitan, associational, religious, and relational ideas of self. By modifying funerary rituals and ways of interment, the Chinese state aimed to produce individualized and undifferentiated political subjects directly tied to the party-state. The civil governance of death aimed to produce citizen-subjects at the end of life.

scholarly journals We Are the World? Anthropocene Cultural Production between Geopoetics and Geopolitics

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 147-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Last
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Aime Cesaire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Political Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Simone Weil ◽  
Human World ◽  
Artistic Interest

The proposal of the ‘Anthropocene’ as a new geological epoch where humans represent the dominant natural force has renewed artistic interest in the ‘geopoetic’, which is mobilized by cultural producers to incite changes in personal and collective participation in planetary life and politics. This article draws attention to prior engagements with the geophysical and the political: the work of Simone Weil and of the editors of the Martinican cultural journal Tropiques, Suzanne and Aimé Césaire. Synthesizing the political and scientific shifts in human-world relationships of their time, both projects are set against oppressive or narcissistic materialisms and experiment with the image of the ‘cosmic’ to cultivate a preoccupation not (only) with a tangible materialism but with an intangible one that emphasizes process and connectivity across wide spatial and temporal scales. The writers’ movement between poetics and politics will be used to enquire what kind of socio-political work a contemporary geopoetic could potentially do.

The Siberian Odyssey of a Zagorje Corporal

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
William Klinger ◽  
Denis Kuljiš
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Modern History ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
Childhood Memory ◽  
The Village

This chapter introduces Marshal Tito, who was born and raised in the Croatian village of Kumrovec and joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY) as a worker in Kraljevica Shipyard in 1925. It describes Tito's personal history as a closely guarded secret, noting that the state he ruled while he was in power took care of it. It also tells Tito's story as a cryptic man who emerged from the Balkan mists and became one of the key protagonists of the modern history of Europe and the world. The chapter recounts Tito's earliest years in the village of Podsreda in Slovenia, on the fief of the Austrian princely family Windisch-Graetz. It cites Tito's time in Slovenia with his grandfather as his most cherished childhood memory.

12. Litmus Tests for European Integration Theories

2018 ◽  
pp. 237-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja A. Börzel ◽  
Thomas Risse
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of The Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Shed Light

This chapter deals with two litmus tests for theories of European integration. The first part asks, how and to what extent various approaches can explain the contemporary crises of European integration. It thereby tackles the question of whether European integration theories might have biased EU scholars towards ignoring evidence for (dis-)integration. While being more optimistic about the state of the Union than many EU scholars are, the authors of this chapter argue for a more differentiated conceptualization of integration as a continuous variable that takes disintegration, rather than stagnation or no integration, as the opposite value of integration. The second part of the chapter examines to what extent European integration theories are able to shed light on experiences with regionalism across the globe. It argues that they do provide plausible accounts for the emergence of regionalism around the world. Comparing regions points to important scope conditions under which European integration theories operate. When it comes to outcomes, however, they need to be complemented by explanations emphasizing diffusion to clarify why and when states are more inclined to pool and delegate sovereignty in some regions than in others.

Assumptions of the theory of regional disintegration: suggestions for further research

2017 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Tomasz Grzegorz Grosse
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
State Of The Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The crises that hit the EU after 2008 brought about disintegration tendencies. That requires not only further in-depth research on the state of the Union, but also theoretical conceptualisation facilitating an explanation of the processes of disintegration. In this article four theoretical approaches to carry out this type of analysis are proposed, which in a multilateral way may help to explain the problems of the regional disintegration in Europe, but also in other regions of the world. Author’s approach is based on existing theoretical concepts: neofunctionalism, constructivism, institutionalism and realism. Author seeks the complementarity between the theoretical approaches in order to explain the phenomenon of disintegration.

scholarly journals On the Translation of the Government Work Report —Comparing with the State of the Union address

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Linlin Fan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
State Of The Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Work ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Domestication Theory

China’s splendid achievements and fast development attract the attention of the whole world. The rising of the great power shock the rest countries. More and more people want to know what is happening in this country and what effect it will bring to the world. At the same time, Chinese people have gradually realized the importance of exchanging information with other countries. Under this motivation, the translation of Chinese materials into English becomes necessary and essential. It is an effective way to present China comprehensively. Among all these materials, Government Work Report is one of the most remarkable ones. The translation of it plays a key role to present the image of China to the world. But, compared with State of the Union address, the translation of Government Work Report contains some problems from the perspective of foreignization and domestication Theory. This essay will discuss the differences between these two texts at the lexical, syntactic, and discourse level from the angle of foreignization and domestication theory, and give some suggestions to the translation of Government Work Report.

Neolithic

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-162
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Subjective Space

The examples of Neolithic paintings created on different continents are given. Particular attention is paid to clarifying the dating and identification of paintings. Other types of artistic and production activities of people are considered, as well as data on their social, religious, and cultural achievements. Along with the well-known galleries of Neolithic painting in Tassili (Algeria) and the Spanish Levant, the lesser-known ones, in particular, the Stone Grave (Ukraine), are considered. Changes to the World Tree myth in the Neolithic are closely related to the cult of the dead. The correlations of markers and the state of levels and channels of subjective space are determined. A generalized psychological portrait of a man of the Neolithic epoch is compiled, and his behavioral patterns are described.

scholarly journals OLD SAGE FOR NEW AGE? THE REVIVAL OF RELIGIOUS CONFUCIANISM IN CHINA

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-299
Author(s):  
Chaohua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Existence

In recent years, Confucianism has been once again identified as the essence of Chinese civilization and a religion that was central to the Chinese people throughout China’s long history. Scholars are appealing to the Communist Party to make Confucianism the State religion (guojiao). What are the political implications of the phenomena? Can these claims stand to intellectual scrutiny? Conducting a brief historical survey of religious Confucianism in Chinese politics, in addition to an analysis of shared principles essential to various Confucianist positions today, this paper argues that religious Confucianism presented by its contemporary promoters is a constructed myth originated mainly from the Qing times (1644- 1911). The supposed Confucian teaching does not carry religious meaningfulness associated to either individual existence or social life in contemporary China. It remains powerful primarily in connection to the State, or a collective nation (Zhonghua), vis-à-vis the world outside ethnic Han communities. Despite this - or precisely because of this - a revived religious Confucianism may have the greatest potential to become a political force in China in our globalizing age, more so than any other major world religions, even if others may have larger Chinese following than Confucianism.

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