scholarly journals Assessing Program Outcomes: Rationale and Benefits of Posttest-then-Retrospective-Pretest Designs

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Marshall ◽  
Brian J. Higginbotham ◽  
Victor W. Harris ◽  
Thomas R. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mentoring Program ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Pretest ◽  
Pros And Cons

The importance of program evaluation for decision making, accountability, and sustainability is examined in this article. Pros and cons of traditional pretest-posttest and posttest-then-retrospective-pretest methodologies are discussed. A case study of Utah’s 4-H mentoring program using a posttest-then-retrospective-pretest design is presented. Furthermore, it is argued that the posttest-then-retrospective-pretest design is a valid, efficient, and cost-effective way to assess program outcomes and impacts.

Tailorable Technologies for Improving Business Intelligence Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 560-575
Author(s):  
Shah J. Miah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Business Intelligence Systems ◽  
Effective Operation

The Australian farm-based businesses can be benefited from specially designed applications for cost-effective operation while maximizing profits to survive in economic and environmental crises. For decision support, existing business intelligence systems (BIS) approaches scarcely deal with specific user's provisions to adjust changing situations in decision making, without extra technical exertions. In this chapter, the authors describe a conceptual framework of tailorable BIS solution that is based on case study findings in that the highlighted requirements are relevant to address changing situations through enhancing end user's engagement. The activities of end user's engagement supported through the use of tailorable features that reinforce a shift from the traditional BIS process to a new provision where business owners can actively involve in adjusting their features to their decision support.

scholarly journals The Pros and Cons of Bringing Children up Bilingually

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Rasool Mohammed Kheder
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Common ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Cross National

The advisability of bringing children up bilingually is always questionable by the parents in general, but it is of vital importance for the parents of those children who are born within cross-national relationships. The current paper highlights the benefits and negative aspects of so doing from various points of view available in the related literature. It deals chiefly with assessing the parents’ situations and suggesting appropriate approaches to them for decision making when they want to raise their children bilingually. Although qualitative method of research including the descriptive and argumentative methods are used for the majority parts of the study, the instances of the writer’s bilingual experience are also mentioned as an outstanding proof in a case study. Whilst most of the common strategies for bringing children up bilingually are given in the current study, there are, of course, some other strategies for various circumstances. Other studies are recommended to focus mainly on strategies and reveal them for those parents who are eager to raise bilingual children.

Tailorable Technologies for Improving Business Intelligence Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 238-253
Author(s):  
Shah J. Miah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Business Intelligence Systems ◽  
Effective Operation

The Australian farm-based businesses can be benefited from specially designed applications for cost-effective operation while maximizing profits to survive in economic and environmental crises. For decision support, existing business intelligence systems (BIS) approaches scarcely deal with specific user's provisions to adjust changing situations in decision making, without extra technical exertions. In this chapter, the authors describe a conceptual framework of tailorable BIS solution that is based on case study findings in that the highlighted requirements are relevant to address changing situations through enhancing end user's engagement. The activities of end user's engagement supported through the use of tailorable features that reinforce a shift from the traditional BIS process to a new provision where business owners can actively involve in adjusting their features to their decision support.

Tailorable Technologies for Improving Business Intelligence Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 814-829
Author(s):  
Shah J. Miah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Business Intelligence Systems ◽  
Effective Operation

The Australian farm-based businesses can be benefited from specially designed applications for cost-effective operation while maximizing profits to survive in economic and environmental crises. For decision support, existing business intelligence systems (BIS) approaches scarcely deal with specific user's provisions to adjust changing situations in decision making, without extra technical exertions. In this chapter, the authors describe a conceptual framework of tailorable BIS solution that is based on case study findings in that the highlighted requirements are relevant to address changing situations through enhancing end user's engagement. The activities of end user's engagement supported through the use of tailorable features that reinforce a shift from the traditional BIS process to a new provision where business owners can actively involve in adjusting their features to their decision support.

Facilitators and Barriers to Adopting Evidence-Based Physical Education in Elementary Schools

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S17-S25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica A.F. Lounsbery ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
Stewart Trost ◽  
Nicole J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adoption Decision ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Background:Evidence-based physical education (EBPE) programs have increased physical activity (PA) by as much as 18%, yet widespread adoption has not occurred. Understanding school facilitators and barriers to PE should prove useful to EBPE dissemination efforts.Methods:Pairs of principals and PE teachers from 154 schools (75 Adopters and 79 Non-Adopters) from 34 states completed questionnaires. Differences between Adopter and Non-Adopter schools were tested using t tests or Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests and chi-square analyses.Results:Principals and teachers reported distinct PE curriculum adoption decision making roles, but few viewed themselves as very involved in program evaluation. Teachers in Adopter schools were more satisfied with PE program outcomes and had greater involvement in teacher evaluation and program decision making. Compared with teachers, principals were generally more satisfied with their school’s PE program outcomes and did not share the same perceptions of PE barriers. However, principals also demonstrated a general lack of PE program familiarity.Conclusions:To facilitate EBPE adoption, dissemination efforts should target both principals and PE teachers. Increasing principal’s knowledge may be instrumental in addressing some teacher perceptions of barriers to PE. Strategic advocacy efforts, including targeting policies that require PE program evaluation, are needed.

Steel Lazy Wave Riser Configuration for Turret Moored FPSO With Disconnectable Turret in Deepwater

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Karunakaran ◽  
Sankar Subramanian ◽  
Rolf Baarholm
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Water Developments ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Steel Catenary Risers

Recently turret-Moored FPSOs have been used in many deep water developments worldwide, with consideration of disconnectable turrets for harsh environment applications. This trend makes the interactions between FPSO and risers system more important. Further, Steel Lazy Wave Risers (SLWR), which is a compliant variant of the mostly commonly used Steel Catenary Risers (SCR), is becoming an attractive riser option. The paper provides a review of the various riser systems that can be considered for turret-moored FPSOs, and specific emphasis on Steel Lazy Wave Risers. A detailed case study of Steel Lazy Wave Risers for a typical turret moored FPSO with disconnectable turret is presented. This system is described in terms of design and functionalities, the fabrication and installation methods are presented. The case study shows clearly that SLWR are an attractive alternative to be used for FPSO with disconnectable turret and is very efficient to fabricate and install in a very cost effective manner. Pros and Cons for SLWR are discussed, with consideration of the particular challenges of turret-moored FPSOs with large floater motions, hang-off geometry constraints at turret, hang-off loads, riser interferences, risers pre-installation, and turret disconnection constraints.

scholarly journals Looking at Well-being Data in Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-118
Author(s):  
Susan Oman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Objective Indicators

AbstractUnderstanding the where, what, how, who and why is important to any social research. This chapter poses these questions about data and well-being in various ways. We look at well-being measurement, appraising the pros and cons of different forms of data and approaches, acknowledging that all data have limits and that context should drive any chosen approach. It presents examples of qualitative data available through interviews and ethnographies, and quantitative data through surveys, and administrative records. We focus on objective well-being data and a case study of the OECD reveals the volume of decision-making behind international objective indicators. Such human intervention is rarely visible, but is important and useful to improve understanding and comprehension of well-being data more generally.

scholarly journals Programa de mentoria: uma estratégia seminal de compartilhamento do conhecimento em uma empresa pública de energia

2017 ◽  
pp. 209-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Maria Pinto Brito ◽  
Adaías Silvino da Silva ◽  
Ahiram Brunni Cartaxo de Castro ◽  
Fernanda Fernandes Gurgel ◽  
Jedídja Hadassa de Santana Varela
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Mentoring Program ◽  
Implementation Support ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
Demand Planning ◽  
Public Company

Neste estudo teve-se como objetivo analisar a percepção de mentores e mentorados de uma empresa pública de energia sobre o processo de compartilhamento do conhecimento, em um programa de mentoria implantado. Quanto à abordagem do problema, a pesquisa foi qualitativa com natureza descritiva. Seu modo de investigação foi o estudo de caso. O quadro de análise encontra-se no modelo de compartilhamento de conhecimento de Tonet e Paz (2006). Os resultados evidenciaram que as quatro fases do modelo teórico utilizado (iniciação, implementação, apoio e incorporação) apresentaram valores aceitáveis, sinalizando-se pela existência de planejamento da demanda, interação entre mentores e mentorados, apoio do mentor ao mentorado no uso do conhecimento recebido e assimilação do conhecimento compartilhado e sua incorporação ao dia a dia de trabalho para a tomada de decisões sobre novos serviços, processos, tecnologias e produtos.Palavras-chave: Gestão do Conhecimento. Compartilhamento do conhecimento. Mentoria. Empresa pública. Energia. Abstract This study aimed to analyze the perception of mentors and mentored of a public energy company about the process of knowledge sharing in an implemented mentoring program. Regarding the problem approach, the research was qualitative with a descriptive nature. His mode of investigation was the case study. The framework of analysis is found in the knowledge-sharing model of Tonet and Paz (2006). The results evidenced that the four phases of the theoretical model used (being initiation, implementation, support and incorporation) presented acceptable values, signaled by the existence of demand planning, interaction between mentors and mentored, support of the mentor to the mentored in the use of the knowledge received and the assimilation of shared knowledge and its incorporation into the day to day work for decision making about new services, processes, technologies and products.Keywords: Knowledge management. Sharing knowledge. Mentoring. Public company. Energy.

OP135 Impact Of Updated Trial Data On The Cost-effectiveness Of Health Technologies: A Case Study On Percutaneous Mitral Repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Xavier Armoiry ◽  
Peter Auguste ◽  
Jean-François Obadia ◽  
Daniel Grinberg ◽  
Martin Connock
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Main Trial ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
The Cost

IntroductionExtrapolation methods are commonly used to model the cost-effectiveness of health technologies beyond observed data. Reassessing cost-effectiveness estimates using updated clinical trial data has the potential to reduce uncertainty and optimize decision-making. We present a case study based on percutaneous repair (PR) with the Mitraclip system, a technology to treat severe secondary mitral regurgitation (MR). For the study purpose, we considered the COAPT trial that evaluated the effectiveness of adding PR to medical treatment versus medical treatment alone.MethodsWe developed a time-varying Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of PR. Clinical inputs were based on reconstructed individual patient data from the COAPT trial results reported at 2 years, and at 3 years.We developed parametric modeling for overall survival (OS) and heart failure hospitalizations (HFH) to obtain clinically plausible extrapolations beyond observed data. We adopted the French perspective and used a 30-year time horizon. We expressed incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) as cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).ResultsBased on 2 year-data, preferred parametric models for OS and HFH were exponential and log-logistic respectively, yielding an ICER of EUR21,918/QALY and >0.5 probability of PR being cost-effective (EUR50,000/QALY threshold).Updated analyses at 3 years showed a change of OS trajectory for PR that justified the use of piecewise modelling, yielding an updated ICER that went up to EUR77,904/QALY (base-case), and to a minimum of EUR58,175/QALY (scenario analysis). Using data at 3 years, PR had <0.5 probability of being cost-effective.ConclusionsIn this case study, the availability of updated survival analyses of the main trial is likely to have some impact on decision-making and/or pricing discussion as part of health-technology assessment (HTA). We aim to provide further updated analyses as 4 years results of the COAPT study become available.More broadly, original technology appraisals are frequently undertaken when mid/long-term follow-up trial data may be lacking. Our example suggests the need for continuous HTA review as new clinical data are released.

Approaches to evaluation of homelessness interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernie Pauly ◽  
Bruce Wallace ◽  
Kathleen Perkin
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Study Designs

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide rationale, methodological guidance and clarity in the use of case study designs and theory driven approaches to evaluation of interventions to end homelessness. Design/methodology/approach – Using an evaluation of a transitional shelter program aiming to support permanent exits from homelessness as an example, the authors show how case study designs and theory driven evaluation is well suited to the study of the effectiveness of homelessness interventions within the broader socio-political and economic context in which they are being implemented. Findings – Taking account of the context as part of program evaluation and research on homelessness interventions moves away from blaming programs and individuals for systemic failures to better understanding of how the context influences successes and failures. Case study designs are particularly useful for studying implementation and the context which influences program outcomes. Theory driven evaluations and the use of realist evaluation as an approach can provide a broader understanding of how homelessness interventions work particularly for whom and under what conditions. These methodological and theoretical approaches provide a consistent strategy for evaluating programs aimed at ending homelessness. Originality/value – There is a need for greater capacity in the homelessness sector to apply approaches to evaluation that take into account the broader socio-political and economic context in which programs are being implemented. Through the use of a case example, the authors provide guidance for application of case study design and theory driven approaches as a strategy for approaches programs aimed at ending homelessness.

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