KEMAMPUAN MEMANGSA SEMUT RANGRANG Oecophylla smaragdina TERHADAP Prays endocarpa HAMA JERUK PAMELO

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Andi Ridwan Assaad
Keyword(s):  
Oecophylla Smaragdina

Pemanfaatan semut rangrang (O. smaragdina) sebagai agens hayati pada pengendalian hama tanaman memerlukan dukungan hasil kajian dari berbagai aspek.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kemampuan memangsa semut rangrang O. smaragdina terhadap P. endocarpa hama pada buah jeruk pamelo. Metode penelitian yaitu melakukan uji pemangsaan semut rangrang terhadap larva dan pupa P. endocarpa. Setiap pengujian dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak sepuluh kali.  Semut rangrang yang digunakan berasal dari koloni semut rangrang yang ada dipertanaman jeruk pamelo. Adapun larva dan pupa P. endocarpa yang digunakan diperoleh dari hasil perbanyakan dari buah-buah jeruk pamelo yang terserang hama P. endocarpa. Hal-hal yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu: kemampuan memangsa semut rangrang terhadap larva dan Pupa P. endocarva pada kondisi waktu pagi,  siang,  dan sore hari. Pengamatan lain yaitu perbandingan jumlah larva dan pupa P. endocarpa yang dimangsa oleh semut rangrang pada tiap satuan waktu (menit). Hasil  yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semut rangrang rata-rata telah memangsa pre pupa dan pupa P. endocarpa pada menit kedua. Pengujian pada waktu yang berbeda (pagi, siang, dan sore) menunjukkan aktivitas pemangsaan semut rangrang terhadap pre pupa maupun pupa P. endocarpa relatif sama. Namun dari hasil pengujian lainnya dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semut rangrang lebih cepat menghabiskan larva dari pada pupa P. endocarpa.

scholarly journals Nutritional analysis, volatile composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Australian green ants (Oecophylla smaragdina)

Future Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 100007
Author(s):  
Shanmugam Alagappan ◽  
Mridusmita Chaliha ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
Steve Fuller ◽  
Louwrens  C. Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Nutritional Analysis

scholarly journals Polymorphism and division of labour in a socially complex ant: neuromodulation of aggression in the Australian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1811) ◽  
pp. 20150704 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Frances Kamhi ◽  
Kelley Nunn ◽  
Simon K. A. Robson ◽  
James F. A. Traniello
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Minor Worker ◽  
Task Specialization ◽  
Territorial Defence ◽  
Weaver Ant ◽  
Eusocial Insects ◽  
Worker Size ◽  
Pharmacological Manipulations

Complex social structure in eusocial insects can involve worker morphological and behavioural differentiation. Neuroanatomical variation may underscore worker division of labour, but the regulatory mechanisms of size-based task specialization in polymorphic species are unknown. The Australian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina , exhibits worker polyphenism: larger major workers aggressively defend arboreal territories, whereas smaller minors nurse brood. Here, we demonstrate that octopamine (OA) modulates worker size-related aggression in O. smaragdina . We found that the brains of majors had significantly higher titres of OA than those of minors and that OA was positively and specifically correlated with the frequency of aggressive responses to non-nestmates, a key component of territorial defence. Pharmacological manipulations that effectively switched OA action in major and minor worker brains reversed levels of aggression characteristic of each worker size class. Results suggest that altering OA action is sufficient to produce differences in aggression characteristic of size-related social roles. Neuromodulators therefore may generate variation in responsiveness to task-related stimuli associated with worker size differentiation and collateral behavioural specializations, a significant component of division of labour in complex social systems.

scholarly journals Indigenous Knowledge of the Edible Weaver Ant Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius Hymenoptera: Formicidae from the Vientiane Plain, Lao PDR

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost Van Itterbeeck ◽  
Niane Sivongxay ◽  
Bounthob Praxaysombath ◽  
Arnold Van Huis
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Collection Practices

Of major importance in realizing the potential of edible insects as a core element in improving food security, sustainable food production, and biodiversity conservation, are developments in sustainable exploitation of wild edible insect populations and in (semi-)cultivating and farming edible insects. Such developments can draw on both western science and indigenous knowledge. Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius Hymenoptera: Formicidae, of which particularly the queen brood is commonly consumed in Thailand and the Lao PDR, is believed to have the potential to act as flagship/umbrella species in forest conservation and management, to be incorporated simultaneously as biological control agent and direct source of human food in agroforestry practices, and to be (semi-)cultivated. We provide a detailed account of indigenous knowledge of O. smaragdina and ant brood collection practices from the Vientiane Plain, Lao PDR, through focus group discussions and participant observations, and then reflect on sustainability and conservation issues, and on semi-cultivating constraints and possibilities embedded in indigenous knowledge and ant brood collection practices. 

scholarly journals Discordance between Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Genes Suggests the Possibility of Hybridization of Indian and Southeast Asian Types of Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
S. Hosoishi ◽  
K. Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Analysis ◽  
Shed Light

Background: Oecophylla smaragdina is distributed from India, SE Asia and Australia including many tropical Islands. A recent phylogenetic study based on mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals that Bangladesh is the overlapping zone of both Indian and Southeast Asian type of O. smaragdina. These two different lineages of Indian and SE Asian type have the opportunities of creating the zone of contacts, but no such data was found. In this study, shed light was given to reveal the chance of hybridized colony of O. smaragdina in Bangladesh. Methods: To asses the hybridization scenario, 28 O. smaragdina colony from 27 localities in Bangladesh were analyzed using Longwave length Rhodopsin (LWRh) nuclear gene sequences and was compared with the mtDNA sequences, which was collected from the same localities and deposited into NCBI GenBank. Results: The inconsistency between mitochondrial and nuclear gene types was observed from two colonies of the overlapped zone of contact. These two colonies were identified as SE Asian type by mtDNA analysis however, by nuclear DNA analysis; it was identified as Indian type. These significant discrepancies within the colony suggested the possibility of hybridization of weaver ant in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals MUSUH ALAMI KUTU PUTIH Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink, (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TANAMAN PEPAYA DI MINAHASA UTARA

EUGENIA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Tairas ◽  
Max Tulung ◽  
Jantje Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
The Family

ABSTRACT The potential of biological control using natural enemies locally has a huge opportunity, therefore, carried out a study in order to determine the types of natural enemies of both predators, parasitoids and pathogens on the mealybug P. marginatus live in papaya plants in North Minahasa area. The study found that in Minahasa north, there are natural enemies comprised of predators, pathogens and parasitoids, among others, Chilocorus sp. Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera), Oecophylla smaragdina and some of the family Formicidae (Hymenoptera), earwig (Dermaptera), mites (Acari) and Tetragnatha sp, Tetragnatidae; Plexippus sp. Telamonia sp; Lycosidae (Aranea). At the parasitoid was found only Acerophagus papayae, family Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera), while natural enemies of pathogen is Fungus Keywords : P. marginatus, mealybugs, natural enemies, predators, parasitoid and pathogen

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