Effects of the Light Resistance Training and Supplemental Milk-protein on Lipid and Bone Metabolism Marker in Over 70yrs Women

This review evaluated the effects of milk-based protein supplementation on resistance training (RT)-induced gains in lean body mass or fat free mass (LBM/FFM) and muscle strength for older adults. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and EBSCOhost/SPORTDiscus was conducted. Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials comparing all types of milk-based protein supplements with control supplements for the training older adults at mean age ≥ 60 y. Twenty studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, whilst seventeen studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. A dose of 10–15 g of milk protein supplementation was sufficient to augment RT-induced LBM/FFM. Intriguingly, four out of five studies show negative effect of whey protein supplementation at the same dose range (or even higher) compared with control supplementation (−0.49 kg, 95% CI: −0.69, −0.29, I2 = 14%, Z = 4.82, p < 0.001). For milk-based protein supplementation, RT-induced improvements in muscle strength were observed only when the protein doses ≥22 g (+0.66 kg, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.25, I2 = 0%, Z = 2.18, p = 0.03). Conclusion: Milk protein is superior to whey protein in enhancing RT-induced LBM/FFM gains for older adults. Optimal daily protein intake can dilute the protein supplementation effect.

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Impact of Low Protein and Lysine-deficient Diets on Bone Metabolism (P08-072-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz044.p08-072-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Tomé ◽

Joanna Moro ◽

Anne Blais ◽

Catherine Chaumontet ◽

Patrick Even ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Collagen Synthesis ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Deficient Diet ◽

Growing Rats ◽

Low Protein ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Low protein diet and essential amino acid deficient-diet have an impact on body weight and growth and different studies also showed an impact of lysine intake on bone metabolism. Lysine has been shown to promote the absorption of intestinal calcium and to participate in the collagen synthesis through its involvement in the reticulation process of the tropocollagen beams. The assembly of tropocollagen bundle into mature collagen fibers is essential for bone formation and remodeling (civitelli et al, 1992; Fini et al, 2001). The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet on bone metabolism of growing rats. Methods Study 1: 6 group of growing rats were fed for 3 weeks different diet with different content of milk protein at levels of 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15% or 20% (% total energy). Study 2: 7 group of growing rats were fed diets with different lysine content (as % of lysine requirement), for 3 weeks: 15%, 25%, 40%, 60%, 75%, 100% or 170% (% Lysine requirement). Body weight was measured daily. At the end of the experiment, the body composition was analyzed and tissues were removed for measurements of the expression of genes involved in protein and bone metabolism. Statistical analysis was done by variance analysis. Results Rats fed low protein diet (3% and 5% of milk protein), compared to control have a lower growth, with a lower body weight and naso-anal length. This weak growth was associated with a lower lean body mass, and also had an impact on bone metabolism. There was a decrease in the bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur size, associated with a decrease of markers of bone turnover and formation. The same results on bone metabolism were observed on rats fed the 85% lysine deficient diet. Conclusions Low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet reduce growth and bone metabolism. The impact of low protein diet could be related to the lysine deficiency, which have an impact on the calcium intestinal absorption and on collagen synthesis. Funding Sources INRA, AgroParisTech. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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Comparison of Effects of Resistance Training and Tai Chi on Bone Metabolism of the Elderly

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200405001-01391 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S290

Author(s):

Chwan-Li Shen ◽

James K. Williams ◽

Ming-Chien Chyu ◽

Allen Stephens ◽

Kendra Albus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Tai Chi ◽

The Elderly

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Comparison of the Effects of Tai Chi and Resistance Training on Bone Metabolism in the Elderly: A Feasibility Study

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07004898 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (03) ◽

pp. 369-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Chwan-Li Shen ◽

James S. Williams ◽

Ming-Chien Chyu ◽

Robert L. Paige ◽

Allen L. Stephens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Compliance Rate ◽

The Elderly ◽

Urinary Calcium ◽

Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Serum Pth ◽

Elder Adults

This feasibility study compared the effects of Tai Chi (TC) and resistance training (RT) on bone metabolism in the elderly. Twenty eight sedentary, elder adults, were randomized into either TC ( n = 14, 78.8 +/-1.3 years) or RT ( n = 14, 79.4 +/-2.2 years) to participate in 40 min of exercise per session, 3 sessions/week for 24 weeks. The outcome measures assessed were the concentrations of serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), pyridinoline (PYD), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium, and urinary calcium. The TC group had a higher compliance rate than the RT group. After 6 weeks, (i) both TC and RT resulted in higher level of serum BAP relative to the baseline and the TC group exhibited a greater increase in serum BAP than the RT group; (ii) there was an increase of serum PYD in the RT group only, not in the TC group; and (iii) the BAP/PYD ratio was higher than baseline only in the TC group, and the increase of the ratio in the TC group was greater than that in the RT group. After 12 weeks, the increase in serum PTH in the TC group was higher than the RT group. After 24 weeks, there was a reduction of the urinary calcium level in the TC group relative to the baseline. In conclusion, these findings support that TC is beneficial for increasing bone formation in elderly, and long-term application is needed to substantiate the effect of TC as an alternative exercise in promotion of bone health.

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