scholarly journals Growth and Studies of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals Doped With Picric Acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
T. Manju ◽  
P. Selvarajan
Keyword(s):  
Picric Acid ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Nlo Property ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Lcr Meter ◽  
Dta Studies

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal has been doped with picric acid to alter its physical and chemical properties. Picric acid doped KDP salt was synthesized by adding 2 mole% of picric acid into the aqueous solution of KDP. Using the synthesized salt of picric acid doped KDP and double distilled water, single crystals were grown by solution method with slow evaporation technique. The grown single crystal was subjected to XRD method to find the crystal structure. The functional groups of the sample were found by FTIR method. The elements in the picric acid doped KDP crystal were identified by EDAX and CHN analyses. SHG studies of the sample were done to check the second order NLO property. Dielectric studies for picric acid doped KDP crystal were carried out using a multi-frequency LCR meter. Thermal stability of the sample was found by TG/DTA studies. The microhardness of the sample was also measured at different applied low loads and the results obtained from the various studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Elastic-plastic-brittle transitions of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals: characterization by nanoindentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-456
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Ning Hou ◽  
Liang-Chi Zhang ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Kdp Crystals

AbstractPotassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are widely used in laser ignition facilities as optical switching and frequency conversion components. These crystals are soft, brittle, and sensitive to external conditions (e.g., humidity, temperature, and applied stress). Hence, conventional characterization methods, such as transmission electron microscopy, cannot be used to study the mechanisms of material deformation. Nevertheless, understanding the mechanism of plastic-brittle transition in KDP crystals is important to prevent the fracture damage during the machining process. This study explores the plastic deformation and brittle fracture mechanisms of KDP crystals through nanoindentation experiments and theoretical calculations. The results show that dislocation nucleation and propagation are the main mechanisms of plastic deformation in KDP crystals, and dislocation pileup leads to brittle fracture during nanoindentation. Nanoindentation experiments using various indenters indicate that the external stress fields influence the plastic deformation of KDP crystals, and plastic deformation and brittle fracture are related to the material’s anisotropy. However, the effect of loading rate on the KDP crystal deformation is practically negligible. The results of this research provide important information on reducing machining-induced damage and further improving the optical performance of KDP crystal components.

scholarly journals Novel abrasive-free jet polishing mechanism for potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Lunfu Tian ◽  
Pengfei Sun ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Free Jet

A Study of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) Crystal Surfaces by XPS

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Engelhard ◽  
Cheryl Evans ◽  
T. A. Land ◽  
A. J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen

Studies of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) Crystals Doped with Potassium Dichromate (PD) using ICP and UV Spectrophotometer

2007 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selemani Seif ◽  
Ravindra Behari Lal
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Uv Transmittance ◽  
Kdp Crystals ◽  
Specific Amount

AbstractThis paper reports on preparation and characterization of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) crystals doped with Potassium Dichromate (PD). The crystals were grown at room temperature by solution evaporation technique. The grown crystals were polished, sliced, and analyzed using UV-Spectrophotometer, which showed high concentration of PD impurities in KDP crystals at 200-280 nanometer. These concentrations were then verified using ICP measurements to determine specific amount in ppm of chromium ions in KDP crystals. In additional to that, the UV-transmittance data of these crystals were then converted to absorbance per thickness, and used to calculate absorption coefficients, extinction coefficients, and refractive index as a function of wavelength. The results showed that the presence of PD impurities in the crystal matrix of KDP has played a key reformative role in the UV sensing of Potassium Diphosphate crystals.

Measurement of quadratic electrogyration effect in KDP crystals for light propagating along the optical axis

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Izdebski
Keyword(s):  
Optical Axis ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Lock In

In this paper, a method of measuring the β31 coefficient of the quadratic electrogyration effect in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP)-type crystals is proposed. It is shown that this very weak effect can be decoupled from other stronger effects occurring simultaneously in the real measuring system, even when small inaccuracies in crystal cutting and alignment are taken into account. Theoretical and numerical analyses are illustrated by experimental data obtained for the KDP crystal. High sensitivity, which is required for successful measurements at room and higher temperatures, has been achieved by using the polarimetric method for a light beam propagating along the optical axis of the crystal in combination with the lock-in technique and a new measurement procedure that compensates for the contribution of other effects such as electro-optic effects, natural birefringence and dichroism. It was found that the β31 coefficient measured at a wavelength of 632.8 nm decreases linearly from 2.53 × 10−21 m2 V−2 at a temperature of 298 K to 2.08 × 10−21 m2 V−2 at 343 K.

Research on Deliquescent Polishing Fluid for KDP Crystals

2009 ◽  
Vol 626-627 ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Long Guo ◽  
Fei Hu Zhang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Dian Rong Luan
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Stability Experiment ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Polishing Fluid ◽  
Kdp Crystals

The characteristics and principle of deliquescent polishing technology for potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals are introduced, and the performance requirements of deliquescent polishing fluid for KDP crystals are proposed. The main components of the deliquescent polishing fluid for KDP crystals were selected according to these performance requirements. Through uniformity experiment, stability experiment and fluidity experiment, uniformity, stability and fluidity of deliquescent polishing fluid for KDP crystals prepared using the selected components were tested. Through deliquescent polishing experiment of KDP crystal, polishing performance of deliquescent polishing fluid compounded using the selected components was tested. The material removal rate of the KDP crystal in the deliquescent polishing experiment was 6.03μm/min, and the surface roughness of the KDP crystal after deliquescent polishing was 4.857nm. The experimental results show that the compounded deliquescent polishing fluid for KDP crystals has good polishing performance and can reach the requirements.

Spectroscopic study of l-arginine interaction with potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 2316-2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayesh R. Govani ◽  
William G. Durrer ◽  
Marian Manciu ◽  
Cristian Botez ◽  
Felicia S. Manciu
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Material ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Infrared Absorption Spectra

Inorganic potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is widely known for its value as a nonlinear optical material. In this study, pure and l-arginine–doped KDP single crystals were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique and further subjected to infrared absorption and Raman studies for the confirmation of chemical group functionalization and possible bonding between the organic and inorganic materials. The appearance in the infrared absorption spectra of additional vibrational lines, which mostly originate from disturbed N–H, C–H, and C–N bonds of the l-arginine–doped salt, confirm the interaction between KDP and the organic material. This affirmation is supported by more evidence from Raman measurements, where the disappearance of NH vibrations of the amino group is observed. We are thus led to the possibility of hydrogen bonding primarily between the nucleophilic O− of the phosphate unit of KDP and the amino group of the l-arginine.

Thermodynamics of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Growth: Baseline for Understanding Single-Crystal Formation

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
De Xiang Jia ◽  
Hua Xie
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Thermodynamic Description ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The geometric shape of a crystal can be simulated via a thermodynamic model using breaking bond energy calculations. When this model was applied to the case of the KDP crystal, a thermodynamic description of the KDP crystal growth was successfully developed, which was consistent with experimental observations. Additionally, the effect of surface chemistry on the morphology of the KDP crystal was also investigated using the model based on the surface energy of the KDP crystal. These results confirm that bond making and breaking strongly influence the thermodynamic morphology of the KDP crystal during the crystallization.

scholarly journals Suppression of transverse stimulated Raman scattering in large-aperture potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by pulse stacking

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Xinmin Fan ◽  
Sensen Li ◽  
Jianxin Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Huang ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Suppression Effect ◽  
Large Aperture ◽  
Stimulated Raman

AbstractEffective suppression of transverse stimulated Raman scattering (TSRS) in a large-aperture potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal is an important scientific and technical problem in high-intensity laser research and applications. In this work, a method to suppress TSRS using pulse stacking is proposed. The method suppresses TSRS significantly, with greater numbers of subpulses producing more obvious suppression effects, and the threshold intensity growth rate of the 3ω laser in the KDP crystal reaches up to about 1.9 when the stacked pulse contains four subpulses. This suppression effect is attributed to the fact that the polarization directions of adjacent subpulses are perpendicular to each other. The method can be used to suppress other nonlinear effects, including transverse stimulated Brillouin scattering in large-aperture optical devices and stimulated rotational Raman scattering in long air paths.

Experimental Researches on Precision Grinding of KDP Crystal

2007 ◽  
Vol 359-360 ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo Wang ◽  
Hang Gao ◽  
Quan Zhong Zhang ◽  
Xian Suo Cao ◽  
Ren Ke Kang
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Machine Material ◽  
Kdp Crystal ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Surface Damages ◽  
Feeding Speed ◽  
Experimental Researches

The KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate) crystal, used as an important photoelectron part in the laser nuclear fusion system, is a typical kind of hard-to-machine material because of its soft, brittle, anisotropic property and nano-scale requirement for the shape and plane precision. Based on the experiments of the KDP crystal’s grindability, certain process parameters, such as the wheel granularity, the grinding depth and the workpiece’s feeding speed etc., and their influences on the grinding force and the surface roughness of KDP workpiece are analyzed. Furthermore, some KDP crystal’s typical surface damages in grinding are analyzed and some technical approaches to increasing the ultraprecision machining surface quality of KDP crystal are suggested as well.

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