scholarly journals Evaluation Of Phenotypic Methods For Detection Of Carbapenem Resistance In Isolates Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In A Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Shaista Bakhat ◽  
Yasmeen Taj ◽  
Faisal Hanif ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Faheem
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Modified Hodge test (MHT) and Modified carbapenemase inactivation method (mCIM) for detection of carbapenemase enzyme produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains that code for resistance towards carbapenem. Study Design and Setting: This observational cross sectional study was carried out from January 18 to January 19 in microbiology department of PNS SHIFA Karachi. Methodology: 140 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cultured from pus samples of hospitalized patients from different wards like ENT, Surgery, Burn Unit, Plastic Surgery, ICU, Medicine, Pediatrics and family ward. These isolates were tested carbapenem resistance by two phenotypic methods namely MHT and mCIM test. This data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 23.0. Results: In our research study mCIM method showed 100% sensitivity, 99.1% specificity, positive predictive value 96.1% and negative predictive value 100% as compare to Modified Hodge Test which gave 77% sensitivity, 99.1% specificity, 95.2% PPV and 100% NPV. Conclusion: mCIM test is simple, accurate and more reliable method for detection of carbapenemase production as compared with MHT. It is recommended, cabapenemase producing isolates should be tested as a routine practice by all clinical labs laboratory.

BlaOXA-48 Genotypic Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Shaista Bakhat ◽  
Yasmeen Taj ◽  
Faisal Hanif ◽  
Saman Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Serious Infections

Objective: To determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a molecular level by detecting OXA-48 gene which transcribe for resistance to the antibiotic carbapenem among indoor patients of a tertiary care hospital Karachi. Study Design and Setting: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2018 to May 2019 at PNS Shifa hospital of Karachi. Methodology: Total 140 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were received and cultured from pus samples. These samples were collected from different wards like medicine, surgery, burn unit, ICU, ENT, plastic surgery, paedriatic and family ward. Carbapenem resistance was screened phenotypically by AST (Antibiotic susceptibility test), MHT (Modified Hodge test) and mCIM (Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method) in all samples. Only in resistant cases OXA-48 gene was detected by real time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Data was analyzed by following the proper loading sequence on product specification sheet. Data was statistically analyzed by SPSS version 23.0. Results were expressed as frequencies (percentages). Results: Out of 140, 17 (12%) were found to be resistant to carbapenem by AST, 20 (14%) by MHT, 25 (17.8%) by mCIM. Out of 25 resistant cases, 4 (16%) presence of OXA-48 gene by real time PCR were detected. Conclusion: OXA-48 gene showed 16% carbapenem resistance in this study. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic organism which causes multidrug resistance especially in hospitalized patients. Carbapenem is the last resort for serious infections

scholarly journals Role of CT enterography in evaluation of small bowel disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Ritu N. Misra ◽  
Sunil Kr. Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ct Enterography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Contrast Ct

Background: Small bowel pathologies are an enigma for clinicians and difficult to assess and evaluate for clinicians. In order to establish the efficacy of MDCT Enterography in diagnostic characterisation of small bowel lesions, the current study was undertaken.Methods: A prospective observational cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. 30 patients with clinically suspected small bowel disease underwent CT enterography using iso-osmotic mannitol as neutral enteral contrast. CT enterography diagnoses were compared with clinical, surgical and histopathological results.Results: CT enterography showed a sensitivity (95.83%), specificity (100%), positive predictive value (100%), negative predictive value (85.71%), accuracy (96.66%) in diagnosis of small bowel diseases.Conclusions: CTE is a non-invasive well tolerated and reliable imaging modality for the depiction of small-bowel diseases. It provides excellent visualization of luminal, mural and extraintestinal findings.

scholarly journals Is Ultrasound a Viable Imaging Modality for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma? A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Reeta Rani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Radiologists are always questioning the use of an imagine modality as compared to the other, this study helps answer that question for the diagnosis of Hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: To compare the use of MRI imaging technique with ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Design: The type of study is a Prospective Cross-Sectional study. Settings: A large tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Duration: One year from July 2018 to July 2019. Methodology: The inclusion criteria was all the patients who were referred to us with symptoms for concern for hepatic tumors. For the MRI we used a 1.5 tesla machine, and for the ultrasound we used a conventional grey scale ultrasonography with a probe of 5 MHz. We performed multiphasic contrast enhanced MRI’s, with images taken both before the injection of the contrast and afterwards in the various phases such as the arterial phase, portal venous phase and finally the delayed phase respectively. Results: The study population consisted of n=110 patients having a mean age of 46.5 +/- 5.50 years. There were n= 78 (70.90%) males and n= 32 (20.09%) females. N= 101 (91.81%) patients had a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma as per MRI scan, for ultrasound n= 47 (42.72%) patients were diagnosed as true positive, n= 2 (1.81%) were false positive, n= 54 (49.09%) were false negative, while n= 7 (6.36%) cases were truly negative. The specificity was 77.77% the sensitivity was 46.53%, the positive predictive value was 95.91%, negative predictive value was 11.4%, and accuracy was 49.09% respectively. Conclusion: We found that the specificity of ultrasound as a diagnostic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma as compared to the MRI scan is good, however it is only able to correctly identify about half the patients, hence care should be taken when interpreting the results of ultrasound for hepatocellular carcinoma.

scholarly journals Study of the role of hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage in post- menopausal bleeding: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
Atul Padmawar ◽  
Ankita Khande
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dilation And Curettage ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is defined as any type of bleeding in which the duration, frequency or amount is excessive for an individual patient. Hysteroscopy has ushered a new era in the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. With this background, we conducted a study to find the role of hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage in post-menopausal bleeding.Methods: It was an observational study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra. Post-menopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, admitted in the period of March 2018 to September 2019 were included in the study. A pretested and predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the data. Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage was done and samples were sent for histopathology.Results: Bleeding was present in all the 30 cases. About 33.33% had pain abdomen, 56.67% had hot flushes, 10.00% had mass and 10% had other symptoms in the present study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy in diagnosing malignancy was 75%, 96.15%, 75%, 96.15% and 93.33% respectively.Conclusions: To conclude the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in post-menopausal women in our study was polyp. The sensitivity and specificity of the hysteroscopy in diagnosing the malignant lesions is 75% and 96.15% respectively which corroborated with other study findings. Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage is better alternative to hysterectomy and biopsy in most of the cases. 

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

A Cross-sectional Study of Undiagnosed Fever in a Rural Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital of West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Chatterjee ◽  
Supratick Chakraborty ◽  
Mainak Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sinjon Ghosh ◽  
Bikramjit Barkandaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The pattern of thyroiditis in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nearmeen M. Rashad ◽  
Marwa G. Amer ◽  
Waleed M. Reda Ashour ◽  
Hassan M. Hassanin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with varied clinical features. Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) of MS associated with different types of thyroiditis. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in MS and to investigate the association between DMDs and the risk of thyroiditis in MS. A cross-sectional study included 100 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in relapse, and the diagnosed was according to revised McDonald’s criteria 2010. Results Our results revealed that the prevalence of thyroiditis was 40%; autoimmune (34%) and infective (6%) among patients with RRMS in relapse and cerebellar symptoms were significantly higher in patients with thyroiditis compared to patients without thyroiditis. Regarding the association between DMDs and thyroiditis, the prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1b was higher in MS patients with thyroiditis compared to MS patients without thyroiditis. However, the prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1a was lower in MS patients with thyroiditis compared to MS patients without thyroiditis. In addition, we found CMV infection was more common in patients treated by interferon beta-1b and candida infection was common in patients treated by fingolimod. Conclusions Thyroiditis is commonly observed in patients with RRMS in relapse and higher prevalence of patients treated with interferon-beta-1b which is commonly associated with thyroiditis and CMV infection; however, candida thyroid infection was common in MS patients treated by fingolimod.

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