Chronic aflatoxin M1 exposure of Hungarian consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 3402-3420
Author(s):  
Kata Kerekes ◽  
Szilveszter Csorba ◽  
Árpád Ambrus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Exposure Estimation ◽  
Food Safety Risk ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The mycotoxin contamination of foods also appears in the food chain. Aflatoxin is metabolized in animals and its aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) metabolite, which is similarly, but ten times less genotoxic and carcinogenic than aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), is also present in milk, liver and eggs. Of these, the most significant food safety risk is posed by the contamination of milk with AFM1. In our article, the deterministic exposure estimation of Hungarian consumers is presented, based on the AFM1 contamination of milk and dairy products. The results indicate that the exposure of children under three years of age clearly poses a health risk, while the exposure of the 3 to 6 year old age group is borderline. The exposure of older age groups in ng/kg body weight does not pose an immediate health risk due to the increasing body weight. However, it needs to be emphasized that the presence of carcinogenic compounds should be kept to a minimum in all age groups. To this end, we propose an amendment to the regulation regarding the factory inspection of milk.

Development of a specific anti-idiotypic nanobody for monitoring aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 106326
Author(s):  
Chong Cai ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Seyni Nidiaye ◽  
Honglin Yan ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

scholarly journals Investigation of aflatoxin M1 degradation in milk

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Smajlovic ◽  
Mehmed Muminovic ◽  
Indira Mujezinovic ◽  
Vitormir Cupic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Hydroxylated Metabolite ◽  
High Possibility ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Aflatoxin M1 is a highly toxic 4-hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxins B1 and B2. It is one of the most potent hepatocarcinogens, mutagens, teratogens and immunosuppressors. Feed is often contaminated with aflatoxigenic moulds and aflatoxins with a high possibility of contaminating milk and dairy products with aflatoxin M1. Samples of artificially contaminated milk were exposed to the effects of physical conditions (temperature of -18oC and for microwaves in a microwave oven), time (during the period from 1 to 12 months) and a combination of the above mentioned conditions. Following this, levels of aflatoxin M1 degradation were established by using the ELISA method. An insignificant decrease in concentration of toxin was observed which indicates that a temperature of -18?C does not significantly influence the concentration of aflatoxin M1 in the artificially contaminated milk. At the same time, treatment of milk with microwaves in a microwave oven showed an insignificant influence on the percentage of aflatoxin M1 absorbance.

scholarly journals Principal Component Analysis of Morphometric Traits of West African Dwarf Goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
I O Dudusola ◽  
S O Oseni ◽  
M A Popoola ◽  
A Jenyo
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
West African ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
West African Dwarf

The study was conducted to evaluate the principal component analysis of phenotypic attributes of West African Dwarf (WAD) goat. Data collected on the live body weight and twelve morphometric traits of the goats which were categorised into four age groups based on their dentition. The age groups were: less than 2years old, 2- 3years old, 3-4 years old and 4 years old. The data were subjected to a PCA and Cluster analyses using the multivariate procedure components of SAS (2003). Result revealed that highest values of morphometric traits were obtained in goats that of 4 years old. The rate of increase in body weight and other morphometric traits was high in age group of ˂2 years to age 2-3years compared to differences observed in others across the age group. Heart Girth had the highest correlation with body weight. Foreleg, neck, ear and hind leg lengths; wither height and rump height were weakly correlated with the body weight of the goats. Result revealed that two Principal components were retained in the first age group (age group˂2years) which accounted for 72.99% of the total variation. The first PC alone accounted for 63.13% of the total variation while PC2 accounted for the remaining 9.86%. From this study, it was concluded that there is interdependence among body weight and morphometric traits and that morphometric traits can be used in predicting live weight of WAD goats; PCA and Cluster could be exploited in breeding and selection programmes to acquire highly coordinated animal bodies using fewer measurements.

Evidence of low levels of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products marketed in Qatar

Food Control ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ul Hassan ◽  
Roda Al-Thani ◽  
Fathy A. Atia ◽  
Saeed Almeer ◽  
Virgilio Balmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk, soft cheese and yoghurt in Baghdad Province by Using ELISA Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Najim Hadi Najim
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
White Cheese ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

     Milk and dairy products are fundamental components in the human diet and may be the principle way for entrance of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in to the human body. All milk and dairy products samples were tested for the occurrence of AFM1 by the competitive ELISA technique. Out of 32 bovine raw milk samples that were collected from eight villages around Baghdad province, 32 samples (100 %) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.15 to 86.96ng/kg with mean value of 42.37±26.07 ng/kg, of which 17 samples were contaminated with concentrations < 50 ng/kg and 15 samples exceeded the maximum acceptable level of AFM1 in milk (50 ng/kg) imposed by the European legislation. The raw milk samples belonged to animals fed with composite and stored fodder as in Althahab Alabiadh, Radhwaniya and Fadhaliya villages had higher significantly AFM1 concentrations over all the other five villages (Grazing feed). All 32 (100%) locally produced soft white cheese samples analyzed were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 31.84 to 89.44 ng/kg with the mean value of 59.92±17.03 ng/kg. Out of 32 locally produced yoghurt samples analyzed, 32 samples (100%) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.16 to 42.74 ng/kg with the mean value of 16.92±11.55 ng/kg. Thirty samples (100%) of the examined 30 imported UHT milk samples that were collected from different commercial companies in the province of Baghdad presented significantly  high contamination level with AFM1 that were found to range from 0.18 to 85.66 ng/kg.

Dietary Fluoride Intake of Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-522
Author(s):  
Emilie Wiatrowski ◽  
Louis Kramer ◽  
Dace Osis ◽  
Herta Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluoride Content ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infant Diet ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Fluoride Intake ◽  
Group 1

The fluoride content of various commercially available food items used in the preparation of the infant diet for the age groups from birth to 6 months has been analyzed and the total daily fluoride intake has been calculated on the basis of these data. The dietary fluoride intake totaled 0.32 mg/day for infants in the age group 1 to 4 weeks, increased in the subsequent months due to increasing food intake, and totaled 1.23 mg for infants 4 to 6 months of age. These fluoride intakes expressed per kilogram of body weight ranged from 0.07 mg/kg in the newborn to 0.16 mg/kg in the 6-month-old infant.

Bimodal porous silica nanomaterials as sorbents for an efficient and inexpensive determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products

2020 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 127421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enric Pellicer-Castell ◽  
Carolina Belenguer-Sapiña ◽  
Pedro Amorós ◽  
José Manuel Herrero-Martínez ◽  
Adela R. Mauri-Aucejo
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Silica Nanomaterials ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products
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