scholarly journals "OPEN DATA MEANS BUSINESS": WHEN MONETARY POTENTIAL IN OPEN DATA USURPS ASPIRATIONS FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPERANCY IN THE SMART CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunes Tavmen
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Governmental Strategy ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

As opposed to technocratic and top-to-bottom smart city discourses, open data has been deployed to transform these into “citizen-centric” ones. London is one of the prime examples of such positioning of open data in pursuit to create an alternative to corporate-driven smart city narratives. Prior to this, open data was already a governmental strategy in the UK in their pursuit of Transparency Agenda due to the assumptions that having access to governmental data would automatically yield transparency and accountability. However, shortly after, the economic value in open data displaced the social impact to periphery. As a result, the Open Data Institute (ODI) was established to unlock the economic value in open data. Located at the heart of London’s tech-scene, the ODI has attempted to contest what they referred to as “corporate-driven smart city”. Nevertheless, born out of a discourse in which lucrative potential usurped democratic aspirations, the ODI has subsequently been an environment that materialised, contributed and reiterated the prevailing smart city discourse. By way of a close observation of the ODI’s activities between late 2014 to mid-2017, as well as an analysis on the transformation of UK government's open data discourse, I argue that once advocated as tool for accountability and transparency, open data is mostly promoted for its monetary value.

Commodities in Action: Measuring Embeddedness and Imposing Values

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Koponen
Keyword(s):  
Social Values ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
Politics Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Actor Networks ◽  
Market Relations

Recent approaches in political economy look at the effects of technology and social values on economic action. Combining these approaches with those of economic anthropologists, this article poses that the way the economy is instituted can be understood by looking at reasons actors have for participating in actor-networks of production, distribution and consumption. Using the author's research on American recycling, this article first shows that much of the ‘making’ or instituting of the economy happens outside the market, through political machinations, contracts and standards. Second, it suggests that these relationships impose value upon goods differently than do market relations. The details of the recycling ‘chain’ show the ways actors shape the network and demonstrate that the social values that add ‘economic value’ to goods are not uniform, but are highly contextual. Starting from Mark Granovetter's notion of ‘social embeddedness', the article explains that the measure of social embeddedness is not as important as the values imposed upon other actors through social structure in the economy. It calls for a close observation of economic action in the locales within which production takes place to understand better the ‘actions-at-a-distance’ where the politics of technology, social movements and power create the empirical, instituted economy.

Festival connections

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Black
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Culture Heritage ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the contribution of small-scale, rural festivals to the social sustainability of their host communities. Small-scale, community originated festivals proliferate the rural landscape throughout the UK and yet despite this, festival research has focussed predominantly on large, urban events and on their economic impact (Wood, 2009; Gibson and Connell, 2011). This paper seeks to address the perceived research gap by examining these events through a lens of social sustainability. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a case study approach focussed on four festivals in Northumberland, UK. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with festival organisers, key figures and visitors. Following a constructivist grounded theory method four principle indicators were identified to determine festival contribution to community social sustainability. These indicators are: contribution to community pride and localness, enhancement of knowledge and understanding, contribution to the continuity of local culture and enablement of networks of connectivity. Findings The findings demonstrate the networks of connections which festivals enable between the culture, heritage and people (individuals and groups) of a place. By focussing on four indicators the paper shows the social impact of connections through the festival processes and content. The paper argues that small-scale festivals in rural locations can contribute to social sustainability if they demonstrate a balance of both consistency and innovation and accessibility and openness within the locale. Originality/value This paper addresses the gap in social impact research into rural festivals and presents an original approach to identify festival impact on community social sustainability.

scholarly journals Economic and social impact of marine sport and recreational fisheries in Croatia

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Alen Soldo ◽  
Maja Fredotović ◽  
Ante Šaran ◽  
Merica Slišković ◽  
Vice Mihanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Recreational Fisheries ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Marine Fishery ◽  
The Social

Abstract Sport and recreational marine fishery can significantly contribute to the national budget through its economic and social effects. The main aim of this research is to define the economic and social significance of sport and recreational fishing in Croatia through the assessment of the lower limit of its economic value. This is done by analyzing the segments of sport and recreational fishing together with the economic and other activities which are closely related to it. When expressed by the number of stakeholders involved in sport and recreational fisheries and the share in the gross domestic product, it can be concluded that the economic effects of these activities are only slightly lower than in commercial fisheries. This research provides the groundwork for pointing out the basic guidelines of the social significance of sport and recreational marine fishery in Croatia. Hence, it can be noted that sport and recreational fishing in local coastal communities support the overall development of rural areas and the local communities in particular.

scholarly journals Monetarizing the social value: theory and evidence

2019 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
José Luis Retolaza ◽  
Leire San-José ◽  
Maite Ruiz Roqueñi
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Accounting Model

Over the last decade important efforts were made to integrate economic and social value in organizations within a unic report. This is significant because it reflects greater interest and demands in society concerning not just economic but social responsibilities of organizations.However, social organizations are finding problems to give value to their social contribution, mainly due to the prominence of financial economic indicators; which curiously only have instrumental value in this type of entities.The aim of this paper is to develop a social accounting model that allows incorporating the social value, in its monetized form, employing accounting standards; with the economic one. It is not possible to monetize full social value with this model, although it does show economic value with social impact, socio-economic return and specific social value.Application of this model makes possible the quantitative and monetized comparison of integrated value between companies, which would involve more efficient decision-making based on symmetry and more complete information (private organizations), more efficiency in consumption or investment decisions (private individuals) and efficient indicators for establishing public policies (public administration). Overall, it could prove to be a basic and valuable component of business reputation.

scholarly journals ‘Get off your arse’

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-540
Author(s):  
Barbara Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Musical Discourse ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Although the UK has a centuries-old history of subversive singing, since the election of a Conservative-led government in 2010 and imposition of austerity-based economic and social policies, the number of choirs with a political philosophy and mission has grown. The website CampaignChoirs lists around thirty political choirs committed to a left-wing, green or anarchist agenda, which is reflected in the music and related actions. This paper takes as its case study the Leeds-based Commoners Choir and considers how its musical decisions enable it to communicate protest politics. Using critical discourse analysis, this study adds to the dialogue on musical discourse by focusing on the speech acts contained within the lyrics; the social impact of the Commoners’ performances; and the use of dialect to root the works within a distinctly northern culture. It concludes that careful consideration of discourse can demonstrate a more measurable authenticity in an artistic act of protest.

Commodities in Action: Measuring Embeddedness and Imposing Values

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Koponen
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
Politics Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Actor Networks ◽  
Market Relations

Recent approaches in political economy look at the effects of technology and social values on economic action. Combining these approaches with those of economic anthropologists, this article poses that the way the economy is instituted can be understood by looking at reasons actors have for participating in actor-networks of production, distribution and consumption. Using the author's research on American recycling, this article first shows that much of the ‘making’ or instituting of the economy happens outside the market, through political machinations, contracts and standards. Second, it suggests that these relationships impose value upon goods differently than do market relations. The details of the recycling ‘chain’ show the ways actors shape the network and demonstrate that the social values that add ‘economic value’ to goods are not uniform, but are highly contextual. Starting from Mark Granovetter's notion of ‘social embeddedness’, the article explains that the measure of social embeddedness is not as important as the values imposed upon other actors through social structure in the economy. It calls for a close observation of economic action in the locales within which production takes place to understand better the ‘actions-at-a-distance’ where the politics of technology, social movements and power create the empirical, instituted economy. The central question for sociological theory can then be put as follows: How is it possible that subjective meanings become objective facticities? Or, in terms appropriate to the afore mentioned theoretical positions: How is it possible that human activity (Handeln) should produce a world of things (choses)?

scholarly journals The potential health and economic value of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination alongside physical distancing in the UK: transmission model-based future scenario analysis and economic evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Sandmann ◽  
Nicholas Davies ◽  
Anna Vassall ◽  
W John Edmunds ◽  
Mark Jit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Uk

Background In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the UK adopted mandatory physical distancing measures in March 2020. Vaccines against the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may become available as early as late 2020. We explored the health and economic value of introducing SARS-CoV-2 immunisation alongside physical distancing scenarios in the UK. Methods We used an age-structured dynamic-transmission and economic model to explore different scenarios of immunisation programmes over ten years. Assuming vaccines are effective in 5-64 year olds, we compared vaccinating 90% of individuals in this age group to no vaccination. We assumed either vaccine effectiveness of 25% and 1-year protection and 90% re-vaccinated annually, or 75% vaccine effectiveness and 10-year protection and 10% re-vaccinated annually. Natural immunity was assumed to last 45 weeks in the base case. We also explored the additional impact of physical distancing. We considered benefits from disease prevented in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and costs to the healthcare payer versus the national economy. We discounted at 3.5% annually and monetised health impact at 20,000 per QALY to obtain the net monetary value, which we explored in sensitivity analyses. Findings Without vaccination and physical distancing, we estimated 147.9 million COVID-19 cases (95% uncertainty interval: 48.5 million, 198.7 million) and 2.8 million (770,000, 4.2 million) deaths in the UK over ten years. Vaccination with 75% vaccine effectiveness and 10-year protection may stop community transmission entirely for several years, whereas SARS-CoV-2 becomes endemic without highly effective vaccines. Introducing vaccination compared to no vaccination leads to economic gains (positive net monetary value) of 0.37 billion to +1.33 billion across all physical distancing and vaccine effectiveness scenarios from the healthcare perspective, but net monetary values of physical distancing scenarios may be negative from societal perspective if the daily national economy losses are persistent and large. Interpretation Our model findings highlight the substantial health and economic value of introducing SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Given uncertainty around both characteristics of the eventually licensed vaccines and long-term COVID-19 epidemiology, our study provides early insights about possible future scenarios in a post-vaccination era from an economic and epidemiological perspective.

scholarly journals Address to the World Bank Sociological Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Huw Evans
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Executive Director ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Imf

AbstractI feel myself to be an outsider amongst you: I am a macroeconomist by background, having worked in the UK Treasury for many years. Yet I have become convinced in my time at the World Bank of the importance of understanding the social context of the Bank’s work, and the social impact of Bank lending, especially because of the UK ODA’s experience in this field. As an Executive Director at the IMF too, I have gained important insights into how that institution uses its Board more effectively, with more cooperation, and much greater partnership between the Board and management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document