Past Readings, Present Findings: on Intervening Emilio Duhart’s PDVN House

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Alejandro Beals ◽  
Loreto Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Family House

Between 1963 and 1966 Emilio Duhart (1917-2006) worked on the design of this single-family house in what used to be the outskirts of Santiago. During this period, a series of younger collaborators worked on the project, transforming it continuously. Now, confronted with the task of refurbishing the house, we trace back and try to understand the project development by researching archival material. However, it is the process of physically dismantling damaged fabric – almost everything, besides the concrete structure – that really reveals the main principles behind the whole design process. A silent dialogue with architects already gone, which provides the guidelines to write just another chapter in the life of this structure.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Cost Analysis of a Single-Family House in Sweden

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Bojana Petrović ◽  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Ola Eriksson ◽  
Marita Wallhagen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Family House ◽  
Replacement Operation

The objective of this paper was to explore long-term costs for a single-family house in Sweden during its entire lifetime. In order to estimate the total costs, considering construction, replacement, operation, and end-of-life costs over the long term, the life cycle cost (LCC) method was applied. Different cost solutions were analysed including various economic parameters in a sensitivity analysis. Economic parameters used in the analysis include various nominal discount rates (7%, 5%, and 3%), an inflation rate of 2%, and energy escalation rates (2–6%). The study includes two lifespans (100 and 50 years). The discounting scheme was used in the calculations. Additionally, carbon-dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions were considered and systematically analysed with costs. Findings show that when the discount rate is decreased from 7% to 3%, the total costs are increased significantly, by 44% for a 100-year lifespan, while for a 50 years lifespan the total costs show a minor increase by 18%. The construction costs represent a major part of total LCC, with labor costs making up half of them. Considering costs and emissions together, a full correlation was not found, while a partial relationship was investigated. Results can be useful for decision-makers in the building sector.

scholarly journals Significance of building and plumbing specifics on trace metal concentrations in drinking water

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderjit Singh ◽  
Donald S. Mavinic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Building Height ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Family House

Samples were taken from 72 high-rise apartment suites (6 suites in 12 individual high-rise towers) and 60 single-family houses located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The influence of the following factors on trace metal concentrations in 1-L first-flush drinking water samples and “running” hot water samples was investigated: building height, location, plumbing age, type of plumbing, and type of building. Results of this survey show that with the exception of building height, all factors had a correlation with one or more of the trace metals investigated. The trace metals examined were lead, copper, iron, and zinc. Lead was influenced primarily by building type, copper by plumbing age and type of plumbing, and iron by location. Elevated lead levels were associated with high-rise samples. New copper plumbing systems resulted in high copper levels. Highest iron levels in the drinking water were measured in the East Vancouver location. Zinc did not show a distinct correlation with any of the factors investigated. Brass faucets were the primary source of zinc in tap water. They also contributed substantially to the lead detected in the 1-L first-flush sample. Metal concentrations measured in the high-rise and house samples were compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and the proposed “no-action” level for lead. In high-rise samples, the 0.01 mg/L “no-action” level proposed for lead was exceeded in 43% of the samples, and 62% of the samples exceeded the current 1.0 mg/L MCL standard for copper. In single-family house samples, these values were 47% and 73%, respectively. The average lead concentrations were 0.020 mg/L for all high-rise samples and 0.013 mg/L for house samples. Regulatory levels stated above would still be exceeded in 6% of the cases for lead and 9% of the cases for copper, even after prolonged flushing of the tap in a high-rise building. In all cases associated with single-family houses, flushing the cold water tap for 5 minutes was successful in achieving compliance levels. Key words: aggressive water, compliance, corrosive, drinking water, first-flush, GVRD, high-rise, single-family house, trace metals, USEPA.

scholarly journals Stochastic energy-demand analyses with random input parameters for the single-family house

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Koniorczyk ◽  
Witold Grymin ◽  
Marcin Zygmunt ◽  
Dalia Bednarska ◽  
Alicja Wieczorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Stochastic Perturbation ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Single Family ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Stochastic Perturbation Method ◽  
Family House

AbstractIn the analyses of the uncertainty propagation of buildings’ energy-demand, the Monte Carlo method is commonly used. In this study we present two alternative approaches: the stochastic perturbation method and the transformed random variable method. The energy-demand analysis is performed for the representative single-family house in Poland. The investigation is focused on two independent variables, considered as uncertain, the expanded polystyrene thermal conductivity and external temperature; however the generalization on any countable number of parameters is possible. Afterwards, the propagation of the uncertainty in the calculations of the energy consumption has been investigated using two aforementioned approaches. The stochastic perturbation method is used to determine the expected value and central moments of the energy consumption, while the transformed random variable method allows to obtain the explicit form of energy consumption probability density function and further characteristic parameters like quantiles of energy consumption. The calculated data evinces a high accordance with the results obtained by means of the Monte Carlo method. The most important conclusions are related to the computational cost reduction, simplicity of the application and the appropriateness of the proposed approaches for the buildings’ energy-demand calculations.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSE LIFE CYCLE/VIENBUČIŲ GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ GYVAVIMO PROCESO EFEKTYVUMO ANALIZĖ

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
Nerija Kvederytė
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Family House

Norint suprojektuoti ir įgyvendinti efektyvų vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo procesą, būtina jo racionalumu rūpintis nuo poreikių ir tikslų nustatytno iki pastato naudojimo pabaigos. Kiekvienu pastato gyvavimo proceso etapu dalyvauja įvairios suinteresuotos grupės: užsakovai, projektuotojai, rangovai, statvbinių medžiagų bei gaminių gamintojai ir tiekėjai, naudotojai, pastatų priežiūros ir remonto organizacijos ir kt. Projektuojant pastato gyvavimo procesą ir priimant sprendimus, reikia atsižvelgti į šių suinteresuotų grupių interesus. Plėtojant kompleksinį požiūrį, vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo proceso efektyvumas priklauso nuo kitų sistemos dalių konkrečiu momentu. Todėl vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo procesas turi būti projektuojamas ir įgyvendinamas, atsižvelgiant į jo pagrindinius etapus, dalyvaujančių suinteresuotų grupių tikslus ir galimybes, įvertinant išorinę mikro- ir makrolygmens aplinką, t. y. į visus veiksnius, turinčius įtakos vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo proceso efektyvumui. Straipsnyje pateikiamas vienbučių gvvenamųjų namų gyvavimo proceso efektyvumo kompleksinei analizei sukurtas teorinis modelis, kuriame įvairūs veiksniai ir aplinkybės aprašomi kriterijų rinkiniu. Remdamosi šiuo modeliu suinteresuotos grupės, rengiančios ir realizuojančios projektą, gali projektuoti alternatyvius vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo proceso (įvairių sprendimų) variantus, juos įveitinti ir nustatyti racionaliausią: esamai situacijai rasti efektyvų sprendimą. Sprendimų variantiškumas padeda realiau ir racionaliau įvertinti pastato gyvavimo procesą ekonominiais, kokybiniais (architektūriniais, tūriniais, planiniais, estetiniais), teisiniais, techniniais, technologiniais ir kitais aspektais, suderinti suinteresuotų grupių interesus. Pagal pateiktą modelį sukurta ir sprendimų paramos sistema. Ši sistema pastato gyvavimo proceso dalyviams padeda sėkmingai siekti savo tikslų, didinti pastato gyvavimo proceso efektyvumą. Sprendimų paramos sistemoje taikomi pastato gyvavimo proceso daugiakriterinio alternatyviojo projektavimo ir daugiakriterinio įvertinimo metodai leidžia išspręsti siekiamų tikslų ir šiems tikslams įgvvendinti reikalingų išteklių optimizacijos uždavinį: išanalizavus galimus vienbučio gyvenamojo namo gyvavimo proceso variantus nustatomas racionaliausias šio proceso dalyvių (suinteresuotų grupių) siekiamų tikslų ir turimų galimvbių derinys.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER IN BUILDING PARTITIONS WITH THE USE OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS TOOLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urzędowski ◽  
Joanna Styczeń ◽  
Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Structural Wall ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Building Walls ◽  
Family House

The article presents the mechanisms of heat exchange in building partitions along with a description of the phenomena occurring there. The methods of heat transport on selected examples of the construction of sandwich building walls were presented and discussed. A review of the methods allowing to determine the heat flux value by means of analytical methods and simulations based on numerical analyzes was carried out. The methodology of solving thermal problems has been presented, indicating the complexity of the phenomena occurring at the contact points of surfaces, for which the correct characteristics should be selected in more than one selected form of determining temperature distributions. Heat transport simulation was performed in ANSYS Fluent 2020 R2 software. The value of the heat flux density flowing through the outer wall of a single-family house located in Lublin, Poland was analytically determined. Three different structural wall solutions were adopted: one, two and three-layer. The obtained results were presented in a tabular manner, allowing for a clear verification of the correctness of the calculations performed with both selected methods.

scholarly journals Efficient central heating and modern heat sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Monika Pawlita
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Family House

Background: The methods of heating houses with system components determine the energy-saving systems. Energy-saving solutions allow to maintain comfortable conditions in the house, while minimizing the cost associated with its operation and at the same time helping to protect natural environment. The examples of such solutions include condensing boilers, heat pumps and solar collectors.Material and methods: The object of the analysis in this paper is typical single-family house occupying the area of 150 m². The comparison of analyzed heating system for a single-family house, including modern energy sources, allows the assessment of the most cost-effective method of heating. Results: Choosing rational method of heating for a single-family house is dictated mainly by economic reasons. The efficiency of the heating sources is also very important. In addition, an important factor is a heating period, which depends on the weather conditions in a given year.Conclusions: The costs of fuel/energy are still growing. Fuel selection is determined mainly by fuel calorific value and the price. To select the type of the heating source one must take into account the cost of kWh of heat.

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