BEE HONEY: HISTORY, CHARACTERISTICS, PROPERTIES, BENEFITS AND ADULTERATION IN THE BEEKEEPING SECTOR

This review aims to share the history of bees and the use of honey as the only natural sweetener available to mankind for more than 40,000 years. At the same time, the characteristic of the beekeeping sector is presented, highlighting the top honey producers worldwide. The botanical origin of honey is the basis for the characterization of the 14 types of honey presented. Honey standards were analyzed to provide an overview of quality and physico-chemical indices. The data indicated in the national and regional honey standard are identical to the data for the international Codex Alimentarius standard. After the comparative analysis of these 3 sources, no significant deviations were identified. The tendencies of using honey from ancient times as a nutritious food product, as a preservative, as a medicine for treating various diseases and for performing certain rituals, etc. were highlighted. At the same time, the population must be encouraged to consume this incomparable bee product.

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Greek demons who murdered children

Genesis исторические исследования ◽

10.25136/2409-868x.2021.7.36131 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 54-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vladislava Igorevna Makeeva

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Sudden Infant ◽

Ancient Greek ◽

Greek Society ◽

History Of ◽

Ancient Times ◽

The Subject ◽

The Common ◽

Murdered Children

This article describes the Ancient Greek mythological characters who were attributed with murdering children: Lamia (Λάμια), Mormo (μορμώ) and Gello (γελλώ).The ssuperstitions associated with these demons remain in Greece to this day, although their images have undergone certain transformation. The object of this research is the mythological representations of the Ancient Greeks, while the subject is demons who murdered children. The goal of this article is to determine the role of children's horror stories in life of the Ancient Greek society. The author reviews the facts testifying to the existence of characters as Lamia, Mormo, Gello and Empusa in the Greek and Roman texts, as well gives characteristics to their images based on the comparative analysis. The conducted analysis reveals the common traits of the demons who murdered children: frightening appearance, combination of human and animal traits, ability to transform, identification with Hecate, as well as the story of the failed motherhood underlying the history of emergence of the demon. The key functions of these mythological characters consisted in explanation of the sudden infant and maternal mortality typical to the ancient times, as well as teaching children and adults a lesson. The first could be frightened with such stories, and the latter had to learn from the tale that demonstrates the harm of reckless following the temptations or refusal of fulfilling the prescribed social roles, socially acceptable behavior.

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THE LEGAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE INSURANCE CONTRACT

INDIVIDUAL. SOCIETY. STATE. Proceedings of the International Student and Teacher Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/iss2017.3014 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Olīvija Tuvi ◽

Līga Mazure

Keyword(s):

National Economy ◽

Basic Needs ◽

Modern Society ◽

Insurance Contract ◽

Sense Of Security ◽

Compulsory Insurance ◽

History Of ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Insight Into

Human feeling of security is one of the basic needs, so the idea of insurance is already perceived in ancient times. Nowadays the importance of insurance increases, because it is an essential part of national economy, as well as one of the modern society level determinants, because it even provides compulsory insurance to protect important interests. Insurance creates a sense of security in the increasing number of spheres of life, which continues to expand, providing more and more new insurance objects. This work provides insight into history of the idea of insurance contract and summarizes different ideas and problems about the insurance contract and its types.

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Hidden Text Detection by Infrared Thermography / Anwendung der aktiven Infrarotthermographie (IRT) zur Erfassung von verdeckten Texten / Utilisation de la thermographie infrarouge (IRT) pour détecter des textes cachés

Restaurator International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material ◽

10.1515/res-2013-0011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fulvio Mercuri ◽

Roberta Gnoli ◽

Stefano Paoloni ◽

Noemi Orazi ◽

Cristina Cicero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Infrared Thermography ◽

Text Detection ◽

Qualitative Description ◽

Physical Mechanisms ◽

Active Infrared Thermography ◽

History Of

AbstractWe present an opto-thermal approach based on the use of active infrared thermography (IRT) for the study of texts hidden inside the bookbinding structure of ancient books. In particular we focus our investigation on the detection and characterization of texts on paper scraps, belonging to earlier handwritten or printed leaves, used for the making of bookbindings and lying between the end papers and the cover. A qualitative description of the physical mechanisms allowing the identification of texts is proposed and a comparative analysis of the results obtained by means of different IRT experimental configurations is presented. The results show that active IRT can be a very useful tool for the detection and the identification of underlying texts whose reading can provide useful information on the specific history of ancient books.

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Biological and physico-chemical characterization of ultra high diluted Hydrastis canadensis and in vitro studies on mammalian cells

Allgemeine Homöopathische Zeitung ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1601241 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 262 (02) ◽

pp. 2-76

Author(s):

N Chandrakar ◽

MK Temgire ◽

SG Kane ◽

AK Suresh ◽

J Bellare

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Hydrastis Canadensis ◽

Physico Chemical

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Apocrypha from the History of the Jewish Military Union and its Authors

Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały ◽

10.32927/zzsim.79 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 147-176

Author(s):

Dariusz Libionka

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Communist Regime ◽

Research Approach ◽

Warsaw Ghetto ◽

History Of

This article is an attempt at a critical analysis of the history of the Jewish Fighting Union (JFU) and a presentation of their authors based on documents kept in the archives of the Institute of National Remembrance in Warsaw. The author believes that an uncritical approach and such a treatment of these materials, which were generated under the communist regime and used for political purposes resulted in a perverted and lasting picture of the history of this fighting organisation of Zionists-revisionists both in Poland and Israel. The author has focused on a deconsturction of the most important and best known “testimonies regarding the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising”, the development and JFU participation in this struggle, given by Henryk Iwaƒski, WΠadysΠaw Zajdler, Tadeusz Bednarczyk and Janusz Ketling–Szemley.A comparative analysis of these materials, supplemented by important details of their war-time and postwar biographies, leaves no doubt as to the fact that they should not be analysed in terms of their historical credibility and leads one to conclude that a profound revision of research approach to JFU history is necessary.

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History of thyroid surgery

Perspectives in Surgery ◽

10.33699/pis.2020.99.11.476-480 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (11) ◽

Keyword(s):

Surgical Technique ◽

20Th Century ◽

Thyroid Surgery ◽

History Of ◽

Ancient Times

The authors present an outline of the development of thyroid surgery from the ancient times to the beginning of the 20th century, when the definitive surgical technique have been developed and the physiologic and pathopfysiologic consequences of thyroid resections have been described. The key representatives, as well as the contribution of the most influential czech surgeons are mentioned.

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