scholarly journals Role and application of glycosaminoglycans in trichology and cosmetology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Claudia Musiał ◽  

Glycosaminoglycans are structurally complex, linear polysaccharides. They show a hydrophilic effect and have the ability to bind water. In cosmetic preparations, they are obtained biotechnologically and appear in the form of hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate and potassium hyaluronate. The aim of the study was to present the possibility of using glycosamidoglycans in cosmetology, trichology and aesthetic dermatology. These compounds are considered safe for topical application, they keep the skin in proper condition, support cell renewal, and increase the skin’s resistance to harmful external factors. They also bring satisfactory results in terms of application in trichology. A number of studies show that they stimulate hair growth, reduce excessive flaking of the scalp, seborrhea and support the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Allameh ◽  
Abbas Basiri ◽  
Saleh Ghiasy ◽  
Atefeh Javadi ◽  
Seyyed Ali Hojjati ◽  
...  

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is a choice to manage pelvic organ malignancies that can affect bladder; therefore, it causes radiation cystitis with some bothering urinary symptoms and decreasing the patient’s quality of life. Intravesical hyaluronic acid (HA) is an agent with promising results in some studies for cystitis, and Cystistat is a derivative of hyaluronic acid. Objectives: This clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effects of intravesical instillation of Cystistat on symptoms of radiation cystitis and quality of life (QOL). Methods: A total of 58 patients with radiation cystitis were randomized in 2 groups (case: 30, control: 28). One group received intravesical Cystistat, the other received normal saline weekly for up to 4 weeks and then monthly for up to 2 months. Hematuria, Visual Analog scale (VAS) and QOL based on King’s Health questionnaire were compared before and 3, 6 and 9 months after intravesical instillation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.93 ± 10.89 years old. The mean of each sub-category of QOL and total score of QOL, as well as, VAS score were significantly improved in comparison to the control group at each time of follow-ups (P < 0.05). Hematuria was significantly different in the 3rd, 6th and 9th month of follow-ups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Findings showed that patients with radiation cystitis could significantly benefit from intravesical instillation of HA, their hematuria would be successfully resolved rather than control group in addition to lowering the VAS score, so their QOL would be improved.


Author(s):  
SANGEETA CHOUDHURY ◽  
BLR MADHAVI

Objective: The aim of this work to formulate, evaluate and compare the effectiveness of herbal creams containing extract of reishi and tea tree oil for treating hirsutism. Methods: Herbal ingredients were authenticated. Cream base was initially formulated. Three formulations of herbal cream were prepared. Reishi ethanolic extract, tea tree oil, and combination of tea tree oil and reishi extract were added to the cream base and formulated cream were named as RHC, THC and RTC respectively. In vitro evaluations on herbal creams were done for the physicochemical characteristics. In vivo studies were carried out on female Swiss Albino mice for the activity against hair growth by topical application of cream to shaved skin. The histological and morphometric evaluation was carried out. Skin irritancy study was conducted. Results: The herbal creams showed desirable physicochemical properties like pH, viscosity and spreadability. Statistical analysis for the length of hair was performed by using one way ANOVA followed by DUNNET’S post hoc test where THC and RTC were found to be significant whereas RHC showed no significant reduction of hair growth compared to control. RTC showed a significant effect at p<0.05 and hair growth reduction was significant for THC at p<0.001 compared to the control group. RTC and THC showed mild to moderate reduction in the size of the hair follicles with a reduction of sebaceous gland size in the histological analysis. Conclusion: Topical application of herbal creams to mice showed that hair growth was fastest in group RHC and was slowest in group THC and intermediate with RTC. It can be concluded that these herbal actives can be used as an effective treatment against hirsutism. Within the study period, tea tree oil was found to be more effective than reishi extract and the combination product. Further formulation studies and in vivo studies need to be carried out on reishi to assess its effectiveness against hirsutism.


Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Miyagawa ◽  
Zhi-Yu Chen ◽  
Che-Yi Chang ◽  
Ko-Hua Chen ◽  
Yang-Kao Wang ◽  
...  

Neovascularization (NV) of the cornea disrupts vision which leads to blindness. Investigation of antiangiogenic, slow-release and biocompatible approaches for treating corneal NV is of great importance. We designed an eye drop formulation containing gelatin/epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted therapy in corneal NV. Gelatin-EGCG self-assembled NPs with hyaluronic acid (HA) coating on its surface (named GEH) and hyaluronic acid conjugated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) (GEH-RGD) were synthesized. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to evaluate the antiangiogenic effect of GEH-RGD NPs in vitro. Moreover, a mouse model of chemical corneal cauterization was employed to evaluate the antiangiogenic effects of GEH-RGD NPs in vivo. GEH-RGD NP treatment significantly reduced endothelial cell tube formation and inhibited metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity in HUVECs in vitro. Topical application of GEH-RGD NPs (once daily for a week) significantly attenuated the formation of pathological vessels in the mouse cornea after chemical cauterization. Reduction in both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and MMP-9 protein in the GEH-RGD NP-treated cauterized corneas was observed. These results confirm the molecular mechanism of the antiangiogenic effect of GEH-RGD NPs in suppressing pathological corneal NV.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klemens Fondi ◽  
Piotr A. Wozniak ◽  
Doreen Schmidl ◽  
Ahmed M. Bata ◽  
Katarzyna J. Witkowska ◽  
...  

Purpose. This randomized, observer-masked, crossover study investigated the effect of two hyaluronic acid/trehalose-based containing formulations, with different physical properties, on the signs and symptoms in patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED). Methods. In one group, patients received a mixture of sodium hyaluronate and trehalose (HT, Thealoz Duo®) for use during the day. In the other group, patients received a more viscous formulation consisting of hyaluronic acid, trehalose, and carbomer (HTC-gel, Thealoz Duo Gel) to use pro re nata. Both groups used HTC-gel before going to bed. Clinical standard tests for DED were performed at the beginning and end of each one-week period. Further, patient satisfaction including quality of sleep was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Results. Corneal fluorescein and conjunctival lissamine green staining scores decreased, and tear breakup time (BUT) increased for both groups (p<0.001 each). Mean instillation frequency was 3.1 ± 2.6 drops/day when using HT and 1.9 ± 2.2 drops/day when using HTC-gel (p=0.02). A significant improvement in the quality of sleep was observed with both treatments (p=0.01). Conclusions. Our results show improvement in signs and symptoms of DED in both groups. While instillation of HTC-gel resulted in a lower instillation frequency, both formulations of trehalose showed good clinical efficacy. This trial is registered with NCT02980913.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S34496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Rosen ◽  
Victoria Avram ◽  
Anke Fierlinger ◽  
Faizan Niazi ◽  
Parag Sancheti ◽  
...  

Introduction This study aims to describe the perceptions of orthopedic surgeons on the efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IA-HA), the influence of IA-HA product characteristics on its efficacy, and to identify patterns and factors related to the use of IA-HA. Additionally, this study examines factors that influence IA-HA brand selection, focusing on Euflexxa¯ (1% sodium hyaluronate). Methods We developed survey questions by reviewing the current literature and consulting with experts on the use of IA-HA in the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The survey included questions on demographics, previous experience with knee OA treatment, opinions on different treatment methods, and where information regarding treatments is obtained. Additionally, questions specific to opinions regarding IA-HA and the reasoning behind these opinions were asked. Results A total of 117 orthopedic surgeons and physicians completed the survey. IA-HA is most frequently prescribed to patients with early-stage (82%) or mid-stage (82.8%) OA, while fewer orthopedic surgeons and physicians use IA-HA for patients with late-stage OA (57.4%). Respondents were generally uncertain of the effects that intrinsic characteristics, such as molecular weight, cross-linking, and production process, had on patient outcomes. Respondents typically use their own clinical experience and results as a deciding factor in utilizing IA-HA treatment, as well as in choosing an IA-HA brand. Conclusion Uncertainty regarding the efficacy of IA-HA treatments is likely due to inconsistency within clinical guidelines and the current literature. Additional research investigating the efficacy of IA-HA treatment and how product characteristics affect outcome and safety is required to provide clarity to the controversy surrounding IA-HA treatment for knee OA.


2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 1157-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Caretti ◽  
A La Gloria Valerio ◽  
R Piermarocchi ◽  
G Badin ◽  
G Verzola ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
А.А. Московцев ◽  
Д.М. Зайченко ◽  
В.Н. Хабаров ◽  
Н.П. Михайлова ◽  
Д.Ю. Тявин ◽  
...  

Гетерополисахарид гиалуронан, являясь ключевым компонентом внеклеточного матрикса, играет важную роль в поддержании определенных физико-химических условий в тканях. Кроме того, гиалуронан может модулировать состояние клеток через взаимодействие с рецепторами и эндоцитоз, однако, эти эффекты недостаточно изучены. Благодаря своим уникальным свойствам, гиалуронан нашел широкое применение в разных областях биомедицины, в частности, активно используется в качестве микроимплантатов в дерму для коррекции возрастных изменений кожи. Вместе с тем, нативный гиалуронан нестабилен при инъекции и подвергается быстрой деградации в ткани, что существенно ограничивает продолжительность вызываемых им эффектов. В данной работе исследуется новая композиция на основе гиалуронана - HR-2, которую отличают ковалентные сшивки между цепями, введенные путем разработанной авторами одностадийной технологии твердофазной модификации полисахаридов. Сшивки препятствуют быстрой деградации гиалуронана. Авторами предложена концепция функционирования гиалуронана в ткани в качестве депо протеиногенных аминокислот и витаминов в целях поддержания биосинтетической активности клеток. Ранее было показано, что сшитый по данной технологии гиалуронан более стабилен в дерме, в связи с чем его действие в качестве депо может быть пролонгировано. В данной работе исследуется влияние на эндотелиоцитоподобные клетки и фибробласты препарата HR-2, представляющего собой новую композицию гиалуроната натрия и сополимера гиалуроновой кислоты с аскорбилфосфатом магния с добавлением глицина, пролина, лизина. В работе проводится сравнение с немодифицированным гиалуронатом натрия. Установлено, что композиция HR-2 в сравнительно высоких концентрациях дозозависимо увеличивает активность дегидрогеназ в фибробластах, что может свидетельствовать о метаболическом их стимулировании. Это отличает препарат HR-2 от нативной гиалуроновой кислоты, ингибирующей в этих же концентрациях метаболическую активность фибробластов. Оба препарата - и HR-2, и нативная гиалуроновая кислота - в малых концентрациях вызывают гормезис-подобный, стимулирующий метаболизм эндотелиоцитов эффект. Цитотоксичность композиции HR-2 ниже нативной гиалуроновой кислоты на обоих клеточных типах. Следует также отметить, что не выявлено достоверного пролиферативного действия обоих препаратов. Полученные в работе новые сведения могут быть использованы для оптимизации режимов применения препаратов гиалуроновой кислоты в биомедицине, с целью достижения максимального терапевтического эффекта и снижения нежелательных последствий его применения. Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear heteropolysaccharide, a key component of the extracellular matrix. It plays an important role in maintaining certain physicochemical conditions in tissues. In addition, hyaluronan can modulate the state of cells through interaction with receptors and endocytosis; however, these effects are not well understood. Due to its unique properties, hyaluronan is widely used in various fields of biomedicine, in particular, as microimplant for correction of age-related skin changes. However, native hyaluronan is unstable when injected and undergoes rapid degradation in the tissue, which significantly limits duration of its effects. In this study, we evaluated a new hyaluronan-based composition, HR-2, which is distinguished by covalent cross-links between the chains. Those cross-links were incorporated using a one-stage technology of solid-phase modification of polysaccharides developed by the authors. The cross-links prevent the rapid degradation of hyaluronan. The authors proposed a concept of injecting hyaluronan into tissue as a depot of proteinogenic amino acids and vitamins in order to maintain the biosynthetic activity of cells. Previously it was shown that hyaluronan produced with this technology was more stable in the dermis, and, therefore, its performance as a depot can be prolonged. In this work, we studied the effect on endotheliocyte-like cells and fibroblasts of HR-2, which is a new composition of sodium hyaluronate and a copolymer of hyaluronic acid with magnesium ascorbyl phosphate supplemented with glycine, proline, and lysine. The study compared HR-2 with unmodified sodium hyaluronate. We found that the composition of HR-2 in relatively high concentrations dose-dependently increased dehydrogenase activities in fibroblasts, that might indicate their metabolic stimulation. This differs HR-2 from native hyaluronic acid, which inhibits the metabolic activity of fibroblasts when added in similar concentrations. Low concentrations of both drugs, HR-2 and native hyaluronic acid, exerted a hormesis-like effect on endotheliocyte metabolism. Cytotoxicity of the HR-2 formulation was lower than of native hyaluronic acid in both cell types. It should also be noted that no reliable proliferative effects of both drugs have been identified. The new information obtained in this study can help optimizing the use of hyaluronic acid drugs in biomedicine to achieve the best therapeutic effect and reduce undesirable consequences of its use.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ahmed ◽  
Frank Tost ◽  
Rico Großjohann ◽  
Carmen Wolke ◽  
Uwe Lendeckel

Abstract Background: Tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation, apoptosis and neuro-sensory abnormalities are causes of dry eye. Lubricant target tear film instability, the most effective agent for tear film stabilization being Sodium Hyaluronate 0.1 -0.3%. Sodium Hyaluronate is suggested to be protective for epithelium in dry eye. To test this hypothesis, this study was performed in vitro with commercially available solutions containing hyaluronic acid (HA) in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.3%. To evaluate the desiccation protection capability of different Sodium Hyaluronate 0.1 to 0.3%, we employed a reproducible in vitro cell culture system. Methods: Conjunctival (Chang 1-5c-4) and corneal cells (pRSV-T 2.040) were cultivated under standard conditions. Under confluent cell growth cells, conjunctival epithelial cell line Chang 1-5c-4 and the corneal cell line 2.040 pRSV-T were wetted for 20 min with five commercial ophthalmic solutions and one agent in trial phase (sample 1: 0.1% HA; sample 2: 0.3% HA; sample 3: 0.15% HA, 2% dexpanthenol, sodium chloride; sample 4: 0.1% HA; sample 5: 0.2% HA; sample 6: unknown, PBS as negative control, unsupplemented medium as positive control). After 20 minutes cells were exposed to continuous air flow for 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes. Assessment of viable cells was performed by alamarBlue® assay and LIVE/DEAD® Viability/ Cytotoxicity Kit. Results: It has been shown that both cell lines showed different response to protection by the tested solutions. Greatest protection was observed at 15 minutes with most agents. Best results in protection from desiccation was assessed with sample 2 even at maximum exposure time at 45 minutes. Sample 2 showed an average survival rate of 91% at 45 minutes exposure time, whereas no significant amount of vital cells were detected after application with sample 6. Sample 6 was the only substance that presented with early significant cell loss at 0 and 15 minutes by 35%. Conclusions: Higher concentration of Hyaluronate acid with 0.3% and an ionic composition close to the normal tearfluid seem to provide the best protective effect against desiccation in experimental dry eye.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document