scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Pattern as Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases among Occupational Bus Drivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Rashmi R ◽  
Vidyavati H G ◽  
C N Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

It is anticipated that occupational bus drivers are at risk of non-communicable diseases. Present study aims at assessing the nutritional status and analyzing the risk factors associated, which could increase the probability of non-communicable diseases among bus drivers and conductors working for Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation.120 professional drivers and conductors who attended annual health checkup were included. A pre designed questionnaire elicited information about anthropometry, dietary, physical activity and sleep pattern of the subjects. Lipid profile and blood glucose levels were recorded from annual health check up reports. Mean age of the subjects was 44 years with BMI ranging between 25- 29.9Kg/m2. 73.3% had mixed diet pattern, 40% skip their meals sometime and majority eat their meals outside home most of the days in a week.74.2% didn’t indulge in physical activity. 56.7% subjects slept six to seven hours per day. 17.5% were diabetic, 52.5%, 80.8% and 17.5%had higher serum triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein and total cholesterol respectively. 57.5% had lower High Density Lipoprotein levels. 8.3%, 21.7% and 15% were smokers, alcoholic and tobacco chewers respectively. ‘t’ test analysis showed significant difference between energy, protein and visible fat intake with that of Recommended Dietary Allowance and Estimated Average Requirement. Total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein and serum triglycerides had positive correlation with energy, protein and visible fat intake and BMI. Considerable risk factors for non-communicable diseases were observed among the subjects; effective diet counseling with regular follow up and monitoring is necessary to prevent the same. Key words: Occupational drivers, nutritional status, risk factors, dietary pattern, physical activity, Non Communicable Diseases, effective counseling.

scholarly journals The role of risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases in the development of transnosological polymorbidity in a modern therapeutic clinic

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 735-741
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. Sevostyanova ◽  
Yu. A. Nikolaev ◽  
I. M. Mitrofanov ◽  
V. Ya. Polyakov ◽  
N. A. Dolgova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Profile

Purpose. To study the dependence of the frequency of occurrence and the values of indicators of basic risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases on the degree of transnosological polymorbidity in patients of a clinic of general therapeutic profile for the period from 2003 to 2013. Material and methods. The analysis of 5019 medical records (2501 men, 2518 women) treated in the clinic of RIECM, Novosibirsk, was carried out. Transnosological polymorbidity was evaluated from the average number of nosologies in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). The following risk factors were assessed based on clinical and laboratory tests: high blood pressure, increased concentration of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, uric acid, decreased concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, obesity. Results. The dependence of the values of indicators and frequency of occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases risk factors on the degree of polymorbidity, taking into account gender differences, was studied. In both men and women, increased transnosological polymorbidity index was associated with the growth of indicators of main non-communicable risk factors: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid in the blood. In men, a more pronounced increase with growing polymorbidity index was especially noticeable in the body mass index and blood glucose; in women in blood glucose and triglyceride levels. Conclusion. The study demonstrated the important role of risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases that collectively represent clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome in the development of polymorbidity in patients of therapeutic profile. These findings indicate the need of differential prevention and treatment of patients with polymorbidity together with mandatory identification and correction of modifiable risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Behavioural risk factors in university students in Bucaramanga, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Martinez-Rueda ◽  
M A Camacho ◽  
I J Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors

Abstract Background The changes generated in the studentś lifestyle due to the academic demands, may favour the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases as well as compromise other domains of their life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of behavioural risk factors in students of the Professional in Physical Activity and Sports program of a University in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 189 students was conducted. The students were surveyed with the first step of the STEPs questionnaire, which evaluates the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases. A descriptive data analysis was performed, and Pearson tests were applied to determine the correlation between the analysed variables with a level of significance α = 0.05 using STATA 13.0. Results 80% of the participants were men. The age average was 22.7 ± 3.85 years. Regarding tobacco use, 10.1% of the participants were current smokers, while 30% smoked before. The majority of the participants (92.2%) have consumed alcohol within the past 12 months, while 69.8% consumed alcohol within the last month, with 8.7% of hazardous drinking. Concerning the diet, only 24.9% met the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables per day. When assessing physical activity levels, only 6.3% were classified as physically inactive. Additionally, an average of 6 hours of sedentary behaviour was found, with 31.2% of excessive sedentary time. A weak correlation was found between age and academic cycle with the amount of physical activity at work (r = 0.24), (r = 0.18) and with sedentary time (r = -0.28), (-0, 32). Conclusions Although the prevalence of tobacco consumption was slightly higher than the national average, the students showed a lower prevalence of behavioural risk factors than the general population. However, it is necessary to promote strategies aimed at the control and prevention of these risk factors. Key messages Being a student of a program focused on physical activity and sport, can behave as a protective factor against the most prevalent risk factors in university life. It is necessary to implement more strategies centred on making students aware of the importance of the maintenance and improvement of their lifestyles in accordance with their professional profile.

scholarly journals Inequities in intraurban areas in the distribution of risk factors for non communicable diseases, Belo Horizonte, 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Regina Ivata Tomie Bernal ◽  
Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida ◽  
Lenice Harumi Ishitani ◽  
Anne Marielle Girodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Health Districts

Objective: In order to identify intraurban differentials, the prevalence of major protection and risk factors for non communicable chronic diseases were analyzed in nine health districts of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Analysis of data from a telephone survey conducted with 2,000 adults in Belo Horizonte, in 2010, using the average linkage method for cluster analysis among the health districts, using sociodemographic variables (education, race and marital status). The study compared the prevalence of risk factors for non communicable diseases among the health districts. Results: Four clusters were identified. The best socio-demographic indicators were found in cluster 4 (South Central health district), which also showed a higher prevalence of protective factors such as higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, higher frequency of physical activity practice in the free time, use of ultraviolet protection, higher proportion of ex-smokers, and lower prevalence of whole milk and high-fat meat consumption. As a risk factor, cluster 4 showed a higher proportion of alcohol abuse. Cluster 1, with the worst socio-demographic indicators, concentrated more risk factors such as consumption of whole milk, low regular consumption of fruit and vegetables, and lower practice of physical activity in the free time. The most frequent protective indicators in cluster 1 were the regular consumption of beans, having breakfast at home, and lower alcohol abuse. Conclusion: Intra-urban differences were found in the distribution of risk and protection factors or non transmissible diseases, these differences can support planning aimed at actions for greater equity in health.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associations of behavioural risk factors with blood lipids profile in Lebanese adults: findings from WHO STEPwise NCD cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e026148
Author(s):  
Megali Mansour ◽  
Hani Tamim ◽  
Lara Nasreddine ◽  
Christelle El Khoury ◽  
Nahla Hwalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipids Profile ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

ObjectiveTo examine associations of behavioural risk factors, namely cigarette smoking, physical activity, dietary intakes and alcohol consumption, with blood lipids profile.Design and participantsData drawn from a cross-sectional study involving participants aged 18 years and over (n=363) from the nationwide WHO STEPwise Nutrition and Non-communicable Disease Risk Factor survey in Lebanon.MeasuresDemographic characteristics, behaviours and medical history were obtained from participants by questionnaire. Dietary assessment was performed using a 61-item Culture-Specific Food Frequency Questionnaire that measured food intake over the past year. Lipid levels were measured by the analysis of fasting blood samples (serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)).ResultsCurrent cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and low physical activity were prevalent among 33.3%, 39.7% and 41.6% of the sample, respectively. The contributions of fat and saturated fat to daily energy intake were high, estimated at 36.5% and 11.4%, respectively. Abnormal levels of TC, TG, VLDL, LDL-C and HDL-C were observed for 55.4%, 31.4%, 29.2%, 47.5% and 21.8% of participants, respectively. Adjusting for potential confounders, cigarette smoking was positively associated with higher odds of TG and VLDL (OR=4.27; 95% CI 1.69 to 10.77; and 3.26; 95% CI 1.33 to 8.03, respectively) with a significant dose–response relationship (p value for trend=0.010 and 0.030, respectively). Alcohol drinking and high saturated fat intake (≥10% energy intake) were associated with higher odds of LDL-C (OR=1.68; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.82 and OR= 1.73; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.93). Physical activity did not associate significantly with any blood lipid parameter.ConclusionThe demonstrated positive associations between smoking, alcohol drinking and high saturated fat intake with adverse lipoprotein levels lay further evidence for clinical practitioners, public health professionals and dietitians in the development of preventive strategies among subjects with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases in Lebanon and other neighbouring countries with similar epidemiological profile.

scholarly journals Study on health risk factors as a basis to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in students of the la Sabana University

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Background. Nowadays the importance of lifestyles in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome has been largely accertained. Objective. The purpose of our work is to implement programs that promote a nutritional culture in adolescents and young adults of the La Sabana University. Methods. The methodology entailed, after the corresponding informed consent, taking measures of the triceps and supraescapular skinfolds, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean mass, and fat mass. Fasting blood samples were also taken to quantify cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results. The results obtained show that of the 165 students, 10.3% were underweight, 13.93% were overweight and 0.6% were obese. With regards to gender, 4.8% of the men and 9% of the women were overweight, 3% of the men and 7.2% of the women were underweight, and 0.6% of the women were obese. The blood chemistry showed that 30% had hypercholesterolemia, 18% hypertriglyceridemia, 17% reported low HDL levels and 67% reported high LDL levels. Of all the cases studied, 40% are at risk of a metabolic syndrome. 60% claimed not to practice any physical activity - especially women who reported 44.70%. Conclusions. These findings have allowed us at the institution to implement a culture of healthy habits. The have also allowed us to identify students with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is why the cardiometabolic monitoring and control based on healthy eating and physical activity are important.

Correlation between phq-9 score and physical activity level, risk factors and non-communicable diseases in patients in family medicine clinic

Open Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Zivana Gavric ◽  
Anna Culafic ◽  
Brankica Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Patient Health

AbstractThe work of physicians in primary health care is essential in prevention and early detection of health risk factors. To determine the incidence of depression among patients in family medicine clinics, as well as the correlation between depression, risk factors and NCDs, and to determine correlation between depression (PHQ-9 score) and the level of physical activity. The pilot study was conducted from January to March 2010 on 100 patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The family doctor randomly interviewed and measured patients’ weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and cholesterol and noted the presence of earlier diagnosed non-communicable diseases. The data for 92 patients were processed according to PHQ-9 and IPAQ guidelines. Out of 92 patients, 59 (64,1%) had PHQ-9 score ≤ 4 which suggests the absence of depression. The PHQ-9 score median was within normal limits, therefore, treatment was not required and there was no difference in PHQ-9 score median between patients with respect to age and sex. The level of physical activity was moderate in 39,1%, heavy in 35,9% and walking as physical activity in 25,0% of patients. Correlation coefficient between PHQ-9 score and MET score (r=−0,241) was statistically significant (p<0,05), as well as between PHQ -9 score and anxiety (r=0,27; p<0,01). Most studies show a correlation between depression and physical activity. It is essential to promote physical activity in order to prevent anxiety, depression and non-communicable diseases.

Association between physical activity and insulin resistance in Iranian adults: National Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD-2007)

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Esteghamati ◽  
Omid Khalilzadeh ◽  
Armin Rashidi ◽  
Alipasha Meysamie ◽  
Mehrdad Haghazali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Addressing Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases in Adolescents: A Study of Physical Activity Among Male Students in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria (P04-183-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin Odusoga ◽  
Oluwafolahan Sholeye
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Meal Pattern ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Abstract Objectives Physical inactivity has been associated with the rising incidence of lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries, and has thus become a cause for global concern. There is documented evidence of an increase in physical inactivity, sedentary behaviours and other risk factors among male adolescents. This study therefore determined the physical activity (PA) pattern and its associated factors among in-school male adolescents in Sagamu, southwest Nigeria Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 330 in-school male adolescents in Sagamu, southwest Nigeria, selected via multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, measuring tape, weighing scale as well as a standiometer and analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0. PA was determined using WHO criteria. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with P < 0.05. Participation was fully voluntary and strict confidentiality was ensured Results Mean age and physical activity time of respondents were 15.9 ± 1.4years and 418.43 ± 133.34 minutes respectively. About 83% were sufficiently active, out of which 82.7% and 78.6% participated in vigorous and moderate activities respectively. PA was associated with the level of study (P = 0.012), knowledge (P = < 0.001), meal pattern (P = < 0.001), parental support for PA (P = 0.017). Moderate physical activity was associated with the year of study (P = 0.004), PA knowledge (P = 0.002), meal pattern (P = 0.004), parental support (P = 0.022), and socioeconomic status (P = 0.041). BMI was not associated with PA (P = 0.535). Conclusions The prevalence of PA was high among respondents and all associated factors were modifiable. The factors associated with PA need to be promoted in order to minimize the occurrence of lifestyle related diseases among adolescents Funding Sources self.

Managing Cardiovascular Risk Factors without Medications: What is the Evidence?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibu P. Saha ◽  
Melissa A. Banks ◽  
Thomas F. Whayne Jr
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Lifestyle Change ◽  
Cv Disease

: In this era of potent medications and interventional cardiovascular (CV) procedures, the importance of beginning with and including therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) is frequently forgotten. A major goal of this review article is to show and emphasize that modification of CV risk with nonmedication approaches makes an essential contribution to CV risk reduction. Available information on TLC and modifiable CV risk factors was reviewed and assessed. Modifiable major CV risk factors include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, tobacco abuse, obesity, stress, and sedentary lifestyle. Age as a major CV risk factor is, of course, not susceptible to modification. A contribution to the control of CV risk factors can occur without the start of medications and there is proof of benefit for beginning with a nonpharmacological approach. TLC can benefit all of the major modifiable CV risk factors and there is good evidence for the additional benefit of supervised and group TLC. TLC includes physical activity, diet, and smoking cessation. Evidence for the benefit of TLC in reducing CV disease events is well established. However, medications must be added in those patients with higher CV risk to obtain maximum cholesterol reduction (lower is better for the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and good blood pressure control. The benefit of TLC is frequently forgotten in this era of potent medications and invasive procedures. The benefits of diet and physical activity are emphasized with supporting data. Many motivated patients can prolong their lives significantly by dedication to TLC. •Therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) especially encompasses increased physical activity, healthy diet, and smoking cessation. •There is extensive proof for the benefit of TLC in contributing to cardiovascular (CV) disease prevention. •CV disease has strong metabolic and inflammatory components, both of which can be improved by TLC.

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