scholarly journals EXPOSURE OF COWPEA (vigna unguiculata (l) walp) TO SPENT ENGINE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON CONSUMER’S HEALTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
T. B. Bello ◽  
O. M. Bolaji ◽  
F. A. Fakunle
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
The Impact

Spent Engine oil (SEO) is a common environmental pollutant generated after engine services. Disposing SEO is a serious environmental issue in Nigeria as generators end up disposing it in water drain systems, rivers, open vacant plots and agricultural lands. Thus, the need to assess the impact of such disposal on environmental components becomes imperative.  Using a completely randomized design, a control and seven treatments of SEO (T0: 0 ml, T1: 5 ml, T2: 10 ml, T3: 15 ml, T4: 20 ml, T5: 25 ml, T6: 50 ml, T7: 75 ml) were applied to potted soil for cowpea planting. Plant height, leave number, yield, heavy metal load and hazard quotient were assessed. Baseline heavy metal analysis showed the SEO contained lead and cadmium at 0.003 mg/kg and 0.462 mg/kg respectively. There was significant reduction in plant height (T0: 50.72 cm, T3: 37.36 cm, T7:  24.33 cm), number of leaves (T0: 25.91, T3: 21.57, T7: 17.67), seed weight (T0: 24.40 g, T3: 16.38 g, T7: 5.03 g) and plant weight (T0: 171.60 g, T3: 136.60 g, T7: 54.70 g) in contaminated soil with increasing SEO concentration (P<0.05). Cowpea grown on contaminated soil accumulated cadmium in seeds (T0: 0.000 mg/kg, T3: 0.057 mg/kg, T7 0.119 mg/kg) and in roots (T0: 0.000 mg/kg, T3: 0.079 mg/kg, T7: 0.263 mg/kg) with hazard quotient ranging from 0.084 to 0.216. This study revealed that increasing environmental pollution through indiscriminate SEO increases the possibility of health risk by elevating hazard quotient and this should therefore be discouraged.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Spent Oil and Palm Kernel Sludge Contaminated Soil Using Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-885
Author(s):  
A.J. Odebode ◽  
K.L. Njoku ◽  
A.A. Adesuyi ◽  
M.O. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
And Control

This study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxicity of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge on seed germination, seedling early growth and survival of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) and its phytoremediating potential. 8.0 kg topsoil mixed with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% (w/v) of spent engine oil and palm kernel sludge, while the control was not mixed with spent oil and sludge (0%). The seeds were sown on these soils and monitored daily. Parameters taken were; plant height, leaf number and stem girth. The result showed that spent engine oil treated plants adversely affected growth compared to palm kernel sludge plants and control which performed better. For plant height, the mean stem girth for control at 2nd week was 0.40±0.05 mm, spent engine oil was 5.96±0.97 palm kernel oil effluent was 14.73±1.16 and at 12th week, control was 1.30±0.05 while for SEO the plant had withered and 124.6±9.02 for POE. Number of leaves at the 12th week was 26.00±2.08 in the control, 8.66±0.66, for spent engine oil at 4%, while for palm oil effluent it was 27.66±0.66, at 4%, concentration respectively. Stem girth at 2 weeks for spent engine oil was 0.19±0.05 at 2%, 0.43±0.03 for palm kernel oil effluent and at the 12th week of planting at 10% concentration was 1.63±0.08 for palm kernel oil effluent, and all plants had withered off for spent engine oil at same concentration at the 12th week. Also, spent engine oil at all concentrations delayed the germination of Helianthus annuus by 2days compared to control. Comparison analysis test showed that growth in untreated plants were significantly higher (p>0.05) than spent oil and palm kernel sludge treated plants. Similar result was observed for leaf number and stem girth which had higher mean value in palm kernel sludge and control compared to spent oil. Sunflower grown in 8% and 10% palm kernel sludge contaminated soil also flowered eight days earlier than control plants, while spent oil treated plant did not. The result shows that sunflower cannot tolerate high (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) concentrations of spent engine oil in soil compared to palm oil effluent. Therefore, spent engine oil should be properly disposed because of its adverse effect on the growth and yield of sunflower.

Phytoremediation potential of Nauclea diderrichii (De Wild and Th. Dur.) seedlings grown in spent engine oil contaminated soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
OI Bolanle Ojo ◽  
MKC Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Nauclea Diderrichii

Remediation of environmental pollution has been of great concern in recent years. This study was carried out to investigate the potentials of Nauclea diderrichii seedlings to remediate heavy metals from spent engine oil (SEO) contaminated soil. SEO from diesel and petrol engines in different quantities were applied to each plant using 2 kg soil. Plant height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root length were assessed. Amount of lead and cadmium present in the leaves, stem and root of the seedlings were assessed at the end of the experiment. Result showed that 100 % of the seedlings subjected to various treatments survived for the duration of 5 months. There was no significant difference (α>0.05) in the height of N. diderrichii seedlings. Significant (α=0.05) negative reductions were observed in the seedlings collar diameter, no. of leaves and root length. There was significant difference (α>0.05) in the amount of lead and cadmium extracted by N. diderrichii seedlings. This study has been able to show that N. diderrichii has the ability/potential to phyto-extract heavy metals from soil. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(4), 261-272, 2020

The Impact of Waste Compost-Based Soil Amendments on the Leaching Behavior of a Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
René van Herwijnen ◽  
Abir Al-Tabbaa ◽  
Tony R. Hutchings ◽  
Andy J. Moffat ◽  
Sabeha K. Ouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Petroleum Products Contaminated Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. I. Akpokodje ◽  
H. Uguru
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Indiscriminate Disposal ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the impact of petroleum products on the physiochemical properties, heavy metals and THC of soil samples; and their possible phytoremediation. Perforated plastic buckets were filled with 10 kg of sieved virgin topsoil. A mixture of 2 L of spent engine oil, 2 L of kerosene, 2 L of petrol and 2 L of diesel was gradually poured into each bucket and allowed to drain through the soil, once a day for five days, and there after left to stabilize for a period of 21 days. Fluted pumpkin (Telforia Occidentalis) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus, Cv. Kirikou) seeds were planted in buckets and closely monitored for 14 weeks. Soil analysis of the virgin topsoil, contaminated soil and remediated soil was done using standard methods. Tests results showed that the petroleum products significantly (p ≤0.05) altered the physicochemical properties, heavy metals and THC of the soil. From the results, the soil porosity decreased from 35% to 14%; specific gravity decreased from 2.34 to 1.35; the soil pH decreased from 7.05 to 5.34; the THC increased from 0,923 mg/kg to 964.35 mg/kg; copper level increased from 4.892 mg/kg to 7.729 mg/kg; the lead content increased from <0.0001 mg/kg to 1.128 mg/kg; while the iron content increased from 1251.2 mg/kg to 1587.9 mg/kg after the contamination. After the 14 weeks phytoremediation period, Telfairia occidentalis was able to degrade the THC in the soil from 964.35 mg/kg to 82.67 mg/kg; while Abelmoschus esculentus degraded the THC in the soil from 964.35 mg/kg to 104 mg/kg. Therefore, due to the harmful effects of the petroleum products on agricultural soils, laws banning their indiscriminate disposal of should be enforced.

scholarly journals BIO STIMULATORY INFLUENCE OF COMPOST AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER ON BACTERIAL DEGRADATION OF SPENT ENGINE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
A. Adeleye ◽  
Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽  
A. Akindiya ◽  
M. E. Nkereuwem
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Incubation Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spent Engine Oil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

The harmful effects of spent engine oil on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems have been well established in literature. This study was conducted to assess the bio stimulatory influence of amendments; compost and inorganic fertilizer on bacterial degradation of spent engine oil contaminated soil.  500 g of unpolluted soil was collected and artificially contaminated with 5, 10 and 15% (v/w) spent engine oil. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. Each amendment (50 g) was subsequently mixed thoroughly with the spent engine oil contaminated soil at varying levels except nine experimental bottles used as control. Incubation study was carried out and lasted for four weeks. Estimation of total petroleum hydrocarbon, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature and bacterial population density was done within two weeks interval during the incubation study. Results obtained indicate that compost significantly enhanced total petroleum hydrocarbon reduction by 87% while inorganic fertilizer facilitated 62% total petroleum hydrocarbon reduction on 5% spent engine oil contamination level respectively. Estimation of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria on 5, 10 and 15% spent engine oil contaminated soil indicated that compost enhanced higher hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria thereby influencing bacterial degradation than those stimulated with inorganic fertilizer. pH remained in the range of alkalinity (7.8 and 8.06) for compost and 6.2 and 6.7 for inorganic fertilizer. The potential that compost recorded in influencing bacterial degradation of spent engine oil contaminated soil in this study has made it a good bio stimulant for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted environments.

scholarly journals Uji Kemampuan Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropa curcas) Dalam Meremediasi Tanah Tercemar Logam Berat Kadmium (Cd)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Surahmaida . ◽  
Sarwoko Mangkoedihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Heavy Metal Cd

ABSTRAKPerkembangan industri yang semakin pesat secara tidak langsung menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan di sekitarnya. Salah satunya adalah pencemaran tanah oleh logam berat yang dihasilkan dari hasil industri tersebut. Metode yang dapat digunakan untuk meremediasi lahan tercemar yaitu dengan menggunakan tanaman (fitoremediasi). Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) merupakan tanaman tahunan dari famili Euphorbiaceae yang umumnya digunakan sebagai tanaman penghasil biodiesel, tanaman pembatas pagar dan tanaman hias. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji kemampuan jarak pagar dalam meremediasi Cd: untuk mengetahui pengaruh Cd terhadap tinggi tanaman dan luas daun; dan nilai persentase reduksi tanah yang tercemar Cd; dan nilai persentase akumulasi logam Cd dalam jarak pagar. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan dengan menggunakantanah taman; limbah Cd buatan dengan konsentrasi 5 ppm, 15 ppm, 25 ppm, 35 ppm dan 45 ppm; dan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS) untuk pengujian logam berat Cd pada tanaman jarak pagar. Data yangdiperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Cd berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan luas daun; nilai persentase reduksi tanah tercemar Cd yaitu sebesar 76-91%; jarak pagar mempunyai kemampuan dalam mengakumulasi Cd; dan nilai persentase akumulasi logam Cd dalam jarak pagar adalah 46-125%.Kata kunci: Logam Berat Cd, Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas), FitoremediasiABSTRACTThe rapid development of the industry indirectly lead to pollution of the surrounding environment. One of them is the contamination of the soil by the heavy metals resulting from the industry. The method that can be used to remediate contaminated land is by using plants (called phytoremediation). Jatropha curcas plant is an annual plant of the Euphorbiaceae family that is commonly used as a biodiesel producing plant, fence limiting plants and as ornamental plants. The purpose of this research is to assessing the ability of Jatropha curcas in remediating Cd; to know the effect of Cd on plant height and leaf area; and the percentage value of Cd contaminated soil reduction; and the percentage value of Cd metal accumulation in Jatropha curcas. This experimental study was conducted using garden land; artificial Cd waste with concentration 5 ppm, 15 ppm, 25 ppm, 35 ppm and 45 ppm; and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) for testing of heavy metal Cd onJatropha curcas. Data obtained from this research indicate that Cd effect on plant height and leaf area; the percentage value of contaminated soil reduction Cd is equal to 76-91%; Jatropha curcas has the ability toaccumulate Cd; and the percentage value of Cd metal accumulation in Jatropha curcas is 46-125 %.Key Words: : Heavy Metal Cd, Jatropha curcas Plant, Phytoremediation  

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Bioremediation Potentials of Spent Engine Oil Degrading Fungi from Contaminated Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
D.A. Duniya ◽  
D.B. Maikaje ◽  
Y.A. Umar ◽  
Daniel Abba ◽  
P. Omokunmi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PHYTO-EXTRACTION POTENTIALS AND PERFORMANCE OF FALSE SESAME (CERATOTHECA SESAMOIDES) UNDER INDUCED SOIL POLLUTION BY AUTOMOBILE LUBRICANT IN SAVANNA ECOREGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babajide ◽  
Popoola ◽  
Gbadamosi ◽  
Oyedele ◽  
Liasu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

While strategizing towards achieving improved soil fertility for sustainable tropical crop production, timely application of fertilizers on regular basis alone is not the University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria best approach, particularly on polluted soils. However, seeking for reliable natural, biological and environment friendly means of ensuring effective riddance of toxic elements or heavy metals from tropical agricultural soils is equally a worthwhile technology. An open-field potted experiment was conducted during early raining season of 2016 (March-July), at the Teaching and Research Farms of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, to investigate the effect of spent engine oil polluted soil conditions on performance and heavy metal accumulation potentials of Ceratothecasesamoides. Spent engine oil was applied at different concentrations (0.0ml, 50.0ml, 100.0ml, 150.0ml, and 200.0ml to each pot containing 7kg soil. Four pots per treatments were used. The trial was arranged in Completely Randomised Design (CRD), replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on growth parameters (number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaf breadth). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to the means. Pre and post-cropping soil analyses were carried out, for determination of nutrient concentrations. Also, after the termination of the experiment, plant samples were collected from each of the pots for oven-drying followed by determination of nutrient concentrations (including the heavy metals). Oil pollution significantly affected growth and heavy metal accumulation of the test-crop. Growth decreases with increasing rate of lubricant application, while the heavy metal concentrations in the test-crop increased with increasing concentrations of the applied spent engine oil. Thus, Ceratothecasesamoides is a wild plant which could be easily exploited for its heavy metals hyper-accumulative or phyto-extractive potentials, so as to reclaim heavy metals polluted soils from toxicity, for sustainable crop production.

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