scholarly journals LIFE AFTER DEATH-THE HUMAN ORGANS TRANSPLANTATION ACT A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Chandrashekhar Mane
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Transplantation Act ◽  
Brain Dead

ABSTRACT: -  We all have been hearing, reading and seeing many issues regarding organ transplantation, but many people are not aware and serious regarding Human organ transplant. Many patients struggle for life after failure of functioning of some major organs. A patient with a case of renal failure can survive for some period with the help of advance technique Viz. Dialysis, but patients with failure of function of liver or Heart etc. have no substitute for Human Organ Transplant. It is a small effort to encourage and create awareness in people to promote organ transplant. In last 10 years people are much aware regarding organ donation and organ transplant. The person certified as brain dead can only donate his healthy organs to a needy and increase his life span [2]. In India we can see advancement in the field of transplantation. The law regarding Human Organ Transplant was passed in the year 1994 it came into force in 1995[1]This law includes Regulations regarding removal, preservation and transplantation of organ for treatment purpose and prevention of commercialization of human organs[1

The Organ Transplantation Act and Recent Trends in Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho No Joo
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Allocation ◽  
Incentive System ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Transplantation Act ◽  
Allocation Criteria ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Brain Dead

The Organ Transplantation Act, including transplantation of organs from brain-dead donors, entered into force in Korea on February 9, 2000. This article introduces the Organ Transplantation Act, focusing on scope of the Act, determination of brain death, removal of organs from brain-dead or deceased donors, removal from living donors, organ allocation, and prohibition of trade in human organs. Especially, some primary ethical dilemmas surrounding organ allocation arise from the shortage of available organs. The primary ethical problems surrounding organ allocation are as follows. A key purpose of the organ donation incentive system is to increase the number of organ transplants from brain-dead donors. In particular, the priority for kidney patient was allowed in consideration of doctor’s strong desire to increase the brain-dead donors. Also, the organ allocation criteria based on the organ donation incentive system appear unfair, especially for the kidney patient, because the criteria do not fit the principles of distributive justice. In the future, the organ donation incentive system itself may need to be reexamined.

Successful Organ Donation From Brain Dead Donors in a Chinese Organ Transplantation Center

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2247-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Sui ◽  
Q. Yan ◽  
S. P. Xie ◽  
H. Z. Chen ◽  
D. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Brain Dead ◽  
Transplantation Center

Organ transplantology – opinions and attitudes of medical and humanities students

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (SUPPLEMENT 1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Klaudia Majder ◽  
Paweł Więch ◽  
Joanna Zaleska ◽  
Izabela Sałacińska ◽  
Dariusz Bazaliński
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Humanities Students ◽  
The University

Background: Transplantology is one of the fastest-growing branches of medicine and is the treatment of choice for many patients with end-stage organ disease, giving them a chance to recover. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to examine the attitudes and opinions of medical and humanities students regarding organ transplant. Material and methods: Based on the assumed random selection criteria, 200 students of the University of Rzeszów (164 women and 36 men) qualified for the study. Dedicated proprietary research tools were used to assess their knowledge of the following: issues related to organ transplantation, registration as a donor, attitudes to organ donation after the respondent’s death, and objections to the intention to donate organs in the event of the death of a loved one who did not object during their lifetime. Results: A higher level of knowledge about transplantology was found among students of medical faculties (p<0.001). Humanities students were more skeptical about the intention to donate organs in the case of the death of a close relative who did not object during their lifetime (p<0.001). In total, 44% confirmed their consent to be an organ/tissue donor. Conclusions: The level of students’ knowledge of transplantology is insufficient. Familiarity with issues related to organ transplantation translates into the attitude towards organ donation; therefore, it is necessary to increase awareness and spread knowledge in this field in order to popularize it in society.

scholarly journals Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2019. 12th report from the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-34
Author(s):  
S. V. Gautier ◽  
S. M. Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Moscow Oblast ◽  
Heart Transplants ◽  
The Russian Federation

Objective: to monitor current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on the 2019 data. Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed. Data obtained over years from federal subjects of the Russian Federation and from organ transplant centers in the country were analyzed and compared. Results. Based on data retrieved from the 2019 Registry, only 46 kidney, 31 liver and 17 heart transplant centers were functioning in Russia. In 2019, there were 6,878 potential recipients in the kidney transplant waitlist. This represents 13.7% of the 50,000 dialysis patients in the country. Donation activity in 2019 reached 5.0 per million population; multi-organ procurement rate was 71.6%; 2.9 organs on average were procured from one effective donor. In 2019, there were 10.0 kidney transplants per million population, 4.0 liver transplants per million population and 2.3 heart transplants per million people. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in Russia rose 10.7% from the previous year. Moscow and Moscow Oblast alone have 13 functioning organ transplantation centers. They account for half of all kidney transplant surgeries and 70% of all liver and heart transplants performed in the country. Organ recipients in the Russian Federation have exceeded 16,000 in number. Conclusion. Organ transplantations in Russia keep on increasing – 10–15% per year. Donor and transplant programs are also becoming more effective and efficient. However, the demand for organ transplants far exceeds the current supply of available organs in the Russian Federation. Peculiarities of the development of organ donation and organ transplantation in Russia in 2019 were associated with some factors, such as structure and geographical location of transplant centers, waitlisting of patients, funding sources and amount, and management of donor and transplant programs. The national transplantation registry will be developed taking into account new monitoring and analysis challenges.

Payment for Organ Donation in Jewish Law

2010 ◽  
pp. 323-339
Author(s):  
Fred Rosner ◽  
Edward Reichman
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Organ Donations ◽  
Therapeutic Context ◽  
Ownership Rights

Payment for organ donation in Jewish Law is the essence of this article. In Judaism, a physician's license to heal the sick is considered divinely given. The Talmud drives this from the Biblical phrase, “And he shall surely heal.” In fact, according to Maimonides, a physician is obligated to heal the sick, induce remission of illness, and prolong life. Human organ transplantation began nearly half a century ago. Since then, organ donations have been insufficient to meet the needs of patients with diseased organs. This article traces the Halakhic and Talmudic precedents for selling body parts. There is Talmudic precedent for selling body parts, but not organs, and not in a medical or therapeutic context. This article further explains Jewish law forbids receiving financial compensation for fulfilling a meritorious act. Clauses pertaining to organ donation such as obligations to save a life, ownership rights over one's body form the concluding part of this article.

scholarly journals P1841THE JOURNEY OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN EGYPT: STILL EXTRA-MILES TO GO

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elrggal ◽  
Mohamed Gendia ◽  
Rowan Saad Zyada ◽  
Ali Moustafa Shendi Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Organ Trafficking ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Transplant Tourism ◽  
Transplant Program

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney transplantation is the renal replacement therapy of choice for patients with end-stage kidney disease. Egypt is a developing country with social, religious and demographic characteristics having enormous impact on the development and progress of its own national transplant program. Method A web-based review of relevant bibliography: articles and textbooks, reporting the progress in the transplant practice in Egypt and its legislations was conducted. Results Kidney transplantation started in Egypt about 43 years ago when the first transplant was performed at Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center (UNC) in March 1976. The practice of kidney transplantation in Egypt has then evolved over the years. While about ten thousand transplants were performed from 1976 to 2011, the annual mean number of kidney transplantation between 2011 and 2016 increased to 1100 cases/year. The number of transplant centers has also grown from 12 in 1997 to 35 currently licensed centers. However, Egypt is still lacking a national transplant registry data. The legal framework developed over the last decade towards establishing a national transplant program. Until 2010, organ transplantation was only regulated by the professional code of ethics and conduct of the Egyptian Medical Syndicate. Representatives of the Istanbul Declaration met with the Egyptian Minister of Health and Egyptian Society of Nephrology leaders in Cairo in October 2008; since then, Egypt has been working to terminate illegal practices associated with organ transplantation, organ trafficking and transplant tourism. The first legislation for a national organ transplant program “The executive list for law number 5 of the year 2010 regarding regulating human organ transplants” was then issued after approval by the parliament. The law established “The Higher Committee for Organ Transplants” which includes 7 - 11 experts and is responsible for regulating and supervising all organ and tissue transplant procedures in the country. The new law criminalizes organ trafficking and set strict penalties for physicians, hospitals and medical facilities performing illegal organ transplant procedures. In 2017, the legislation has been further modified to make the penalties even harsher “Law number 142 of the year 2017 modification of some articles in law number 5 of the year 2010 regarding regulating human organ transplants”. Transplantation practice is still limited to live transplants. The cadaveric transplant program has not yet been put into action despite the new 2010 legislation has set the legal framework, yet lacking a clear definition of the legal death. Cadaveric transplantation was performed twice in Egypt in 1992 at Cairo (kasr El Aini hospital) from 2 criminals after execution in Alexandria. This was faced with social anger and rejection which led to legal restrictions for non-living organ procurement at that time. Barriers to establishment of a national transplant program in Egypt include cultural and religious rejection of deceased donation, organ shortage, and long waiting time in national transplant centers. Conclusion Despite the recent ameliorations in the current Egyptian transplant practice, the overall progress has been slow. This can be attributed to a complex interaction between social, religious and financial factors. Further advances are vital to reduce the burden implied by the state-funded dialysis therapy and to demolish organ trafficking and transplant tourism. As such, state efforts would continue to further improve the living donor and to implement the deceased donor transplantation programs.

scholarly journals E-1 Human Organs Donation and Transplantation in the light of Hinduism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahmood Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz Manj ◽  
Naheed Arain
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Transplant Team ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Organ transplantation and organ donation is an important issue today. It was implemented in different ways. The medical field offers new methods of treatment, including organ transplantation and human services. This is one of the most difficult and complex aspects of modern medicine. It is a surgical replacement of diseased organ by another healthy human organ. It was implemented in different ways. Donation and organ transplantation are important issue of today. The medical field offers new methods of treatment, including organ transplantation and human services.  Researchers have been trying to expand stem cells to other organs and are experimenting with alternatives to human blood. Organ Transplantation and donations are performed under the supervision of a competent transplant team.

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