Instrumental method for calculating the size of the reserve financial fund.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
N. A. Sokolov ◽  
E. Yu. Khrustalev ◽  
Yu. E. Khrustalev
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Financial Fund

Separation and Detection of Caffeine, Theophylline and Theobromine from Coffee Varieties, Carbonated Soft Drinks and Alcoholic Beverages

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2704-2707
Author(s):  
Delia Nica Badea ◽  
Codrina Levai
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Mass Detector ◽  
Methyl Xanthine

The paper evaluates the presence of methyl xanthine compounds: caffeine, theophylline, theobromine used as ingredients in carbonated soft drinks or as color and flavor ingredients in alcoholic beverages. The active components extracted from the selected products (coffee, tea, drinks) was separated and identified chromatographically using plates with silica nano -Sil NH2 / UV-254, mobile phase ethanol - water (50: 1, 50: 3, 50: 5; 50: 7; v / v) and 60 F254 plates, mobile phase acetone-toluene-chloroform (40:30:30 v / v). Separated caffeine and identified by TLC was analyzed using a HelWet Packard 5890 Gas Chromatograph equipped with MS 5972 mass detector and spectral library to confirm identification. This simple and rapid TLC, GC / MS instrumental method is useful in controlling traces of methyl xanthine compounds in food as a food safety measure.is useful in controlling traces compound of food products containing methylxanthines as a food safety measure.

scholarly journals Color Measurement of Egg Yolks–An Instrumental Method

1977 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1305-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. PHILIP ◽  
C.W. WEBER ◽  
J.W. BERRY
Keyword(s):  
Color Measurement ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Egg Yolks

German-English Interference in the Field of Vocalism (Based on the Speech of Germans who Study English as a Foreign Language)

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Anna Abryutina ◽  
Anna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Theoretical Significance

The growing popularity of contrastive phonology as a branch of linguis-tics is seen now, in particular, due to the spread of bilingualism and multilin-gualism. Globalization involves the ability to speak several languages, in the study of which the phonetic level is primarily considered. The purpose of this work is to examine and describe the most likely consequences arising from in-terference in the articulation of vowel sounds in the English-language speech of Germans who study English as a foreign language. The article deals with monophthongs, diphthongs, and triphthongs, dis-cusses possible variations in the articulation of sounds, as well as the processes of reduction, elision, and substitution. Descriptive and comparative methods are the leading ones in the work, however, the instrumental method is also used to determine deviations from the norm and the nature of changes in articulation. The paper identifies a number of trends in the articulation of English sounds by Germans and reveals the reasons of the main difficulties which stu-dents face while studying phonetic norms of RP and speaking German as their native language, i.e. the qualitative and quantitative mismatch of allophones. The achievement of this goal testifies to the theoretical significance of this work, namely, the possibility of further detailed research in the field of sociophonetics and phonostylistics.

INSTRUMENTAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUES  OF RAPESEED LECITHINS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.П. Викторова ◽  
О.С. Агафонов ◽  
Е.В. Лисовая ◽  
М.Р. Жане ◽  
Т.А. Шахрай ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nmr Signals

Разработан метод определения одного из основных физикохимических показателей качества жидких рапсовых лецитинов (РЛ) кислотного числа (КЧ) с применением ядерномагнитной релаксации (ЯМР). В качестве объекта исследований были образцы жидких РЛ с значениями КЧ 19,3 27,8 и 36,5 мг КОН/г, которые использовали для определения оптимального соотношения массовых долей в системе РЛ водный раствор гидроксида натрия концентрацией 1,0 моль/дм3, обеспечивающего полную нейтрализацию свободных жирных кислот и фосфолипидов, проявляющих кислотные свойства. Установлено, что для достижения стабильных результатов измерений аналитического параметра амплитуды сигналов ЯМР протонов мыла, количественно характеризующего содержание свободных жирных кислот и фосфолипидов, необходимыми условиями подготовки пробы жидкого РЛ являются: соотношение массовых долей системы РЛ четыреххлористый углерод 1 : 4 соответственно, системы РЛ раствор гидроксида натрия 1 : 1 соответственно продолжительность перемешивания системы РЛ четыреххлористый углерод раствор гидроксида натрия 2 мин. Выявлена линейная зависимость между КЧ жидких РЛ и амплитудой сигналов ЯМР протонов мыла Ам: КЧ 2,226 0,900Ам. A method for determining one of the main physical and chemical indicators of the quality of liquid rapeseed lecithins (RL) acid number using nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) was developed. Samples of the liquid RL with values of acid number 19,3 27,8 and 36,5 mg KOH/g has been the object of research. Samples of liquid RL were used to determine the optimal ratio of mass fractions in the system of RL aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide concentration of 1,0 mol/dm3, providing complete neutralization of free fatty acids and phospholipids exhibiting acidic properties. It was found that to achieve stable results of measurements of the analytical parameter the amplitude of the NMR signals of soap protons, quantitatively characterizing the content of free fatty acids and phospholipids, the preparation of liquid RL samples is necessary: the ratio of the mass fractions of the RL carbon tetrachloride system as 1 : 4, respectively, the RL sodium hydroxide system as 1 : 1, respectively the mixing time of the RL carbon tetrachloride system is 2 min. A linear relationship between acid number fluid RL and the amplitude of the NMR signals of protons of soap As detected: Acid number 2,226 0,900 As

DEPENDENCE OF NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC RELAXATION CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUID SOY LECITHINS ON THE CONTENT OF LIPIDS SHOWING ACIDIC PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.В. ЛИСОВАЯ ◽  
М.Р. ЖАНЕ ◽  
Е.В. ВЕЛИКАНОВА ◽  
Е.П. ВИКТОРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Relaxation ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Acidic Properties ◽  
Analytical Parameter ◽  
Relaxation Characteristics ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Жидкие соевые лецитины вырабатывают в больших объемах, чем лецитины из других растительных масел. Поэтому актуален поиск инструментального способа определения качества жидких соевых лецитинов – кислотного числа (КЧ). Для разработки способа определения КЧ жидких соевых лецитинов на основе импульсного метода ядерного магнитного резонанса (ЯМР) исследовали содержание и влияние на ядерно-магнитные релаксационные характеристики (ЯМ-релаксационные характеристики) жидких соевых лецитинов липидов, проявляющих кислотные свойства. Объектом исследования были две пары образцов жидких соевых лецитинов. Образцы в каждой паре имели одинаковое содержание фосфолипидов и масла при различных значениях КЧ. Исследование ЯМ-релаксационных характеристик протонов жидких соевых лецитинов проводили на ЯМР-анализаторе АМВ-1006М при температуре 23°С. Установлено, что значение КЧ жидких соевых лецитинов не влияет на время релаксации и амплитуду сигналов ЯМР протонов компонент жидких соевых лецитинов, которая изменяется только в зависимости от содержания в лецитине масла и фосфолипидов. Таким образом, необходимо продолжить поиск аналитического параметра, который бы с высокой точностью характеризовал содержание липидов, проявляющих кислотные свойства, в жидких соевых лецитинах и, следовательно, значение их КЧ. Liquid soy lecithins are produced in larger volumes than lecithins from other vegetable oils. Therefore, the search for an instrumental method for determining the quality of liquid soy lecithins – the acid number (AN) is relevant. To develop a method for determining the AN of liquid soy lecithins based on the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the content and effect on the nuclear magnetic relaxation characteristics (NM-relaxation characteristics) of liquid soy lecithins of lipids that exhibit acidic properties were studied. The object of the study was two pairs of samples of liquid soy lecithins. The samples in each pair had the same content of phospholipids and oil at different values of AN. The study of the NM-relaxation characteristics of protons of liquid soy lecithins was performed on an AMV-1006M NMR-analyzer at a temperature of 23°C. It was found that the value AN of liquid soy lecithins does not affect the relaxation time and the amplitude of NMR signals of proton components of liquid soy lecithins, which changes only depending on the content of oil and phospholipids in lecithin. Thus, it is necessary to continue searching for an analytical parameter that would accurately characterize the content of lipids that exhibit acidic properties in liquid soy lecithins and, consequently, the value of their AN.

scholarly journals Semiquantitative mercury determination in fish: a tool for poisoning prevention

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALLEGRA V. YALLOUZ ◽  
TATIANA CALIXTO ◽  
SANDRA HACON
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Content ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Human Intoxication ◽  
Fish Ingestion

Human exposure to mercury intoxication through contaminated fish ingestion has been well studied, mainly among Japanese population. The Brazilian population, particulaly in the Amazon region, is now in focus due to findings of fish contamination. Major health impacts caused by mercury affect mostly people who have a regular fish diet. A continuous checking for mercury content in the most consumed fish could prevent human intoxication. A simple, non-instrumental method to allow a continuous checking of the mercury content in fish was developed. Based on this method, we are proposing a prevention action where community agents can be trained to perform fish analysis. Technical Schools and Universities located nearby the affected areas would be in charge of quality control programs for the fish analysis as well as for the selection, training and update for operators.

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