The Vulcanization of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber with 2-Pentadecyl-Benzoquinone Dioxime

1979 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Ghatge ◽  
N. N. Maldar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Red Lead ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Resistance To Heat ◽  
Curing Systems ◽  
Sulfur Curing

Abstract The authors propose a new active vulcanizing agent 2-pentadecylbenzo-quinone dioxime, derivable from the indigenous raw material, cashewnutshell liquid. This vulcanizing agent, when oxidized by red lead, gives styrene-butadiene vulcanizates of improved tensile strength and elongation at break, compared to vulcanizates cured by p-benzoquinone dioxime, 2-methylbenzo-quinone dioxime or standard sulfur curing systems. The new vulcanizates have much greater resistance to heat aging than the corresponding sulfur vulcanisates.

Influence of Novel Electron Beam Modified Surface Treated Dual Phase Filler on Rheometric and Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shanmugharaj ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Rheometric and mechanical properties, hysteresis and swelling behavior of the Styrene-Butadiene Rubber vulcanizates (SBR) filled with unmodified and novel electron beam modified surface treated dual phase fillers were investigated. Scorch time increases for these modified filler loaded vulcanizates due to introduction of quinone type oxygen on the surface. Electron beam modification of dual phase filler in the absence of trimethylol propanetriacrylate (TMPTA) or triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulphide (Si-69) significantly improves the modulus of the SBR vulcanizates, whereas the values of tensile strength and elongation at break drop. However, presence of TMPTA or silane slightly increases the modulus with significant improvement in tensile strength. This effect is more pronounced at higher loading of these modified fillers in SBR vulcanizates. These variations in modulus and tensile strength are explained by the equilibrium swelling data, Kraus plot and a new mathematical model interpreting the polymer-filler interaction. Hysteresis loss ratio of SBR vulcanizates loaded with irradiated fillers in absence and presence of TMPTA or silane increases due to highly aggregated structure of the filler.

Effect of Epoxidized Palm Oil Loading on the Swelling and Mechanical Properties of SBR Vulcanizates

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Mohd Zaki Nurul Ayunie ◽  
Ahmad Zafir Romli ◽  
M.A. Wahab ◽  
Mohd Hanafiah Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The effects of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) content in carbon black filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) on tensile strength, elongation at break and crosslink density were investigated. Five different loadings of EPO in parts per hundred rubbers (phr) were used to test the tensile strength of the carbon black filled SBR which showed a decreasing trend as the content of EPO in the vulcanizates increased. In contrast, elongation at break showed the opposite trend where the elongation at break increased as the content of the EPO increased. The SBR vulcanizates with the highest content of EPO gave the highest value of elongation at break which is 2393.56%. In the case of swelling index, it was found to increase as the amount of EPO increased.

Effect of Epoxidized Palm Oil (EPO) on Tensile Properties and Density of Rubber Compounding

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Nasir Anis Nazurah ◽  
Ahmad Zafir Romli ◽  
M.A. Wahab ◽  
Mohd Hanafiah Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Epoxidized palm oil (EPO) can act as processing oil has the potential of non toxic, degradable, renewable resource and as the alternative safe process oils in rubber compounding. Epoxidized palm oil is used as some of additives in rubber compounding to provide function of softener or stabiliser thus, improve properties of rubber compounding performance. Rubber that is used in this study is styrene butadiene rubber (SBR); a synthetic rubber copolymer consisting of styrene and butadiene. SBR also has good abrasion resistance and good aging stability when protected by additives. Compared to natural rubber, SBR has better processability, heat aging and abrasion resistance but inferior elongation, hot tear strength, hysteresis, resilience and tensile strength. This study is focusing on the effect of EPO without the addition of carbon black into the compound via tensile and density test. This is very important as to study the physical and mechanical interaction between SBR and EPO without the influence of other fillers. Different loading of oil were used at 25 pphr, 30 pphr. 35 pphr, 40 pphr and 45 pphr in the compounding process as processing aid. EPO35 which contain 35 pphr of EPO shows the highest value of tensile strength which is 2.2 MPa. The vulcanizate that contain 30 pphr of EPO shows the highest value for Youngs modulus which is 0.22 MPa while the elongation at break increased as the oil loading increased. The highest value for density is 0.979 g/cm3 for the vulcanizate contain 25 pphr of EPO. The results indicates that EPO is potential to replace other processing oils as renewable resource and safe to human.

Mechanical and Vulcanization Behaviors of SBR/N330 and SBR/N330/PBMCN Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 230-232 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Liu ◽  
Jing Feng Zhang ◽  
Yi Guang Tian ◽  
Xue Jun Weng ◽  
Shi E Lin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Scanning Electron

Mechanical and vulcanization behaviors of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)/N330 and SBR/N330/PBMCN nanocomposites were investigated via partial replacement of SBR with pyrophyllite based modified composite nanopowder(PBMCN), which were prepared by melt mixing procedure. Results show a fairly good dispersion of PBMCN in the SBR/N330/PBMCN composites characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Mechanical and vulcanization behaviors of the as-abtained pruducts were measured according to GB/T 528-2009 and GB/T 16584-1996, respectively. Near properties in tensile strength, elongation at break and vulcanization behaviors were observed in SBR/N330/PBMCN nanocomposites when SBR was partially replaced by PBMCN for 8% mass fraction. A possible reinforcement mechanism of PBMCN to SBR/N330/PBMCN nanocomposites is also dicussed based on the experiment.

Effects of Carbon Nanotube on Tensile and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of NR/SBR and NR/XSBR Nanocomposites Prepared by Latex Compounding

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud ◽  
Saowaroj Chuayjuljit
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Storage Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Latex Compounding

In this study, natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) and NR/carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (NR/XSBR) nanocomposites with carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared by a latex compounding method. The dry weight ratio of either NR/SBR or NR/XSBR was fixed to 80/20 and the CNT loading in each blend was varied from 0.1 to 0.4 phr. The nanocomposite latices were cast into sheets on a glass mold and then cured at 80°C for 3 h. The tensile properties (tensile strength, modulus at 300% strain, elongation at break) and dynamic mechanical properties (storage modulus, loss tangent) of the vulcanizates were then evaluated. The results showed that the addition of CNT at a very loading could enhance the tensile strength, modulus at 300% strain and storage modulus of these two rubber bends in a dose dependent manner, except that the tensile strength peaked at an optimum filler level, declining at higher filler loadings, whilst the elongation at break deteriorated. Moreover, the tensile strength and modulus at 300% strain of the NR/XSBR nanocomposites appeared to be higher than those of the NR/SBR nanocomposites at the same CNT loadings.

The effects of a compatibiliser on processing, tensile properties and morphology of polystyrene (PS)/styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)/wollastonite composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fikri Abdul Karim ◽  
Hanafi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Thermoplastic elastomer composites of polystyrene (PS) blended with styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)–filled wollastonite were prepared using a laboratory scale internal mixer. The compatibiliser used in this study was maleic anhydride (MAH). The torque developments, morphology, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and impact strength were studied. PS/SBR/wollastonite composites with the addition of MAH had higher torque than PS/SBR/wollastonite composites without MAH. Tensile strength, impact strength and elongation at break were reduced by increasing filler loading, both for composites with and without MAH. Composites with MAH had higher tensile strength but lower impact strength and elongation at break as compared with composites without MAH. The Young’s modulus increased with the wollastonite loading, whereas at a similar wollastonite loading, composites with MAH exhibited higher values of Young’s modulus than composites without MAH. Scanning electron microscopy on fracture surfaces showed better filler–matrix adhesion for composites with MAH.

scholarly journals Short Nylon Fibers Waste Modified with Glycidyl 3-Pentadecenyl Phenyl Ether to Reinforce Styrene Butadiene Rubber Tread Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lan Cen ◽  
Guo-zheng Lv ◽  
Xin-wen Tan ◽  
Zhan-lin Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Phenyl Ether ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The utilization of waste fibers represents an important environmental benefit and great economic savings for the community. In this study short nylon fibers waste was modified with Glycidyl 3-Pentadecenyl Phenyl Ether (GPPE) in the presence of Triethylamine/Ammonium persulfate by a simple two-step procedure. The reinforcing effects of modified fibers (MNSF-2) on the vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and the wear resistant property of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) tread compounds were investigated. The addition of the MNSF-2 resulted in slightly lower minimum torque (ML) and maximum torque (MH), as well as longer cure time (t90) and scorch time (t10) of tread compounds. The deterioration of tensile strength and elongation at break of the tread compound containing short nylon fibers waste (NSF) was apparent. Conversely, the modified fibers showed reinforcing effect on tread compounds. The tensile strength values of compounds increased with MNSF-2 content, passed through a maximum value, and then reduced slightly. The modulus and the tear strength of compounds increased significantly with fiber loadings. The highest tear strength value was observed in 8phr MNSF-2 reinforced SBR compounds, 31.9% higher than that of the gum compound. Meanwhile elongation at break of MNSF-2 compound maintained a relative high value than that of NSF/SBR compound. The addition of NSF exaggerated wear volume of compounds. However, the wear resistance of MNSF-2 compounds was superior to that of NSF compounds and comparable with that of the gum compound. The DMA results reveal that E′ and tan⁡δ values decreased at elevated temperature. Meanwhile enhanced storage modulus in MNSF-2/SBR tread compound can be observed. It is worth highlighting that MNSF-2/SBR compounds show higher tan⁡δ at 0°C, indicating improved wet traction of tread compounds, while tan⁡δ at 60°C maintains almost the same value as that of the gum sample. The results of this study are encouraging, demonstrating that the use of short nylon fibers waste in composites offers promising potential for the green tire application.

scholarly journals Use of short fibers as a filler in rubber compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Natalia Meissner ◽  
Władysław M. Rzymski
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Vulcanization Process

Abstract In this work, composites made from styrene-butadiene rubber and short fibers were prepared by mixing and investigated. The influence on the vulcanization process and tensile strength properties has been studied and compared with compounds filled with carbon black. The presence of fibers gave shorter curing time and led to a slight increase in tensile strength but decreased the elongation at break of the compound.

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