Evaluation of Progressive Changes in Elastomer Properties during Vulcanization

1961 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-789
Author(s):  
W. E. Claxton ◽  
F. S. Conant ◽  
J. W. Liska
Keyword(s):  
Induction Time ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Compression Modulus ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Polymeric Compounds ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract An apparatus and method are described for evaluating state of cure, optimum cure time, rate of cure, induction time for cure, scorch time, induction time for reversion, reversion rate and degree of reversion of elastomeric compounds. Coincident with these determinations vulcanizate specimens are prepared on which more conventional physical test data may be obtained; e.g., compression modulus, compression set, hardness, specific gravity, tensile modulus and elongation. In essence, the method described provides a progressive measure of modulus change during cure or reversion through the change in deformation of a periodically loaded plunger, one end of which is embedded into the specimen. Typical results are given which show application of the apparatus to screening tests, millroom control, reversion studies and to compounds which are too stiff for conventional test methods. Demonstrated advantages for the apparatus include time saving, stock saving and better cure information on a wider range of polymeric compounds than is obtainable from tensile test methods. In a laboratory where a large selection of test instruments is not feasible, the versatility of the apparatus described should prove very advantageous.

Laboratory Tests

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-106
Author(s):  
John G. Bartlett ◽  
Robert R. Redfield ◽  
Paul A. Pham
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Home Tests

This chapter covers the following topics: HIV viruses including viral variants (group O and group N); immune responses to HIV and detection markers; HIV serologic tests; initial tests to detect HIV antibody; confirmatory tests to detect antibody, antigen, or RNA; false-negative and false-positive results; testing strategies and algorithms; alternative testing strategies for resource-limited countries; home tests; tests that use oral fluids; molecular tests to detect and monitor HIV infection; kinetics of viral nucleic acid production (including qualitative and quantitative RNA tests); HIV DNA assessment; uses of viral load tests; rapid molecular tests; resistance testing (including purpose and scope); resistance test methods; tests for sexually transmitted infections (STIs); screening tests for other infectious agents; and recommended reading.

Clinical investigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 4395-4405
Author(s):  
Michael Doherty ◽  
Peter C. Lanyon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Disease Markers ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
Selection Of

Disease markers are pathological or physiological characteristics of an individual that assist in determining the diagnosis, the current activity of disease, or the expected prognosis of the condition in that individual. Some markers relate to just one of these elements; others may relate to two, or occasionally all three. Clinical markers are derived from enquiry and examination of the patient. For many common rheumatic disorders, clinical assessment alone gives sufficient information for patient diagnosis and management. In some situations, however, particularly with inflammatory, metabolic, or multisystem disease, a search for additional investigational markers may be warranted. It is important to emphasize that the requirement for and selection of investigations, as well as their subsequent interpretation, is principally determined by the clinical assessment. Investigations are an adjunct, never a substitute, for competent clinical assessment. There is no place for a battery of screening tests.

scholarly journals The Effects of Using a Hypertext Tool for Selecting Design Guidelines

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Fox
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Selection Of

Designing a User-System Interface (USI) is a complex task that has been approached in many ways. One approach has been to use USI design guidelines to help improve the quality and consistency of USIs. To be effective, a general set of guidelines must be tailored to a specific application. This study investigated the effects of using a hypertext design aid (DRUID, Dynamic Rules for User Interface Design) for the selection of USI guidelines by both experienced and novice guideline users. Results indicate that, in general, the participants performed their tasks as well with DRUID as with the book. However, the participants accessed the material differently for each medium and they selected more guidelines that were relevant when using the paper book. Subjectively, the software was preferred because it provided assistance in the selection process and provided additional time-saving design aids not available in the book.

CORROSION INHIBITORS IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCING EQUIPMENT

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Roy D. Stanphill ◽  
R.W. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Inhibitor Efficiency ◽  
Organic Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
The One ◽  
Specific Formulation ◽  
Selection Of

Most internal corrosive conditions found in oil and gas producing equipment can be controlled through the use of corrosion inhibitors. Organic corrosion inhibitor chemistry is now well known and inhibition mechanisms are understood. There are many good inhibitor formulations available today; so many, in fact, that the producer is faced with the problem of selecting the one best suited to his requirements. Many people depend solely on various types of comparative inhibitor efficiency tests in the laboratory to evaluate and select inhibitors for use under field conditions. These tests are important as relative screening tests, but the selection of a carefully planned application program for the specific formulation is equally important.

scholarly journals Calculation for Hard Measured Loads on the Travelling Mechanism of Bridge Inspection Vehicle

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 07003
Author(s):  
Meng Han ◽  
Yongneng Lu ◽  
Hongfeng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Principle Of Superposition ◽  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Side Load ◽  
Fea Simulation ◽  
Elastic Mechanics ◽  
Selection Of

In allusion to the recently problem of some loads to be calculated and hard measured of travel mechanism of bridge inspection vehicle, based on the principle of superposition in the elastic mechanics, the FEA simulation and test methods have been used to research the hard-measured loads on the travel mechanism of bridge inspection vehicle. The calculation case of the driving force in the driving case and the side load in the turning case of traveling mechanism of bridge inspection vehicle have been solved with this method, the results are used to be applied reference for the property optimization and model selection of mechanical bearing inside of travel mechanism of the bridge inspection vehicle. The research method is of well-reference value for the calculation of the unknown loads of whole machine and parts of construction machinery.

Physical Evaluation of Insole Materials Used to Treat the Diabetic Foot

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Camp Faulí ◽  
Cristina Llobell Andrés ◽  
Norberto Porta Rosas ◽  
Maria José Fernández ◽  
Enrique Montiel Parreño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Selection Of

Background: The selection of materials for the production of multilayer insoles for diabetic feet is a difficult task owing to the lack of technical information about these materials. Therefore, objective criteria were established for the selection of these materials. Methods: Mechanical- and comfort-related tests for the mechanical characterization of different materials and their combinations were considered. These tests were conducted according to standardized test methods for polymeric cellular materials. Results: Criteria for the use of cellular materials were obtained. The properties of accommodation, cushioning, and filling materials were established and the most adequate polymer nature for each of the three applications was identified. Variables that affect the properties of these material combinations were studied. Conclusions: These test results will allow podiatrists to select insoles in a more objective way, thus achieving a more successful treatment for diabetic foot-related injuries. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(3): 229–238, 2008)

Consistency as the True Measure of Cleanroom Wiper Quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kalelkar ◽  
Jay Postlewaite
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Single Data ◽  
True Measure ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Selection Of

Cleanroom wipers have long played an indispensable role in managing contamination in controlled environments. From wiping residues on hard surfaces to applying cleaning solutions, wipers perform a variety of tasks that help maintain the cleanliness levels desired in a given cleanroom environment. This makes the selection of cleanroom wipers a critical decision in any controlled environment. One common way to distinguish between cleanroom wipers of similar structural design is to compare test results across a variety of criteria, according to recommended practices by organizations such as the IEST. However, these results are typically listed as single data points for a given test and are meant to indicate either "typical values," or even target specifications, in some instances. This approach is inherently limited and ineffective in assessing the true levels of cleanliness of a given wiper product. In this study, we review the test methods that are used to evaluate cleanroom wipers and present a new and improved approach by which users can evaluate their cleanliness. We provide a framework by which the consistency of the cleanliness of cleanroom wipers can be assessed in a statistically relevant manner. Finally, we demonstrate the value of using consistency of test results rather than a singular test result as the true measure of wiper quality.

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