scholarly journals CHEMICAL PROFILE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS PRESENTED IN THE CUTTLE OF MALES AND FEMALES OF THE SPECIES Pachycoris torridus (SCOPOLI, 1772) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) SUBMITTED OR NOT ANESTHETIC PROCEDURE AND IN DIFFERENT TIMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 967-981
Author(s):  
A. M. V FERREIRA ◽  
E. V. PIRES ◽  
L. ENDRES ◽  
F. L. FREGADOLLI ◽  
A. E. G. SANTANA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Males And Females

Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli, 1772) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) is the main pest of the Jatropha curcas (Linnaeus) (Euphorbiaceae) specie. The study of cuticular compounds of this pest is an alternative for understanding their intraspecific chemical communication in an attempt to develop methods to their behavioral control. This study has as objective to detect variations of the chemical profile of organic compounds contained in the cuticle of P. torridus at different times and extraction method. An adult of each genus of the P. torridus specie, with normal behavior and basic chromatic patterns, was immersed separately in a glass vial (10mL) containing 2mL of HPLC grade hexane bidestilado for 10 seconds (with/without previous anesthesia) and 10 minutes (with/without previous anesthesia), with four replications per treatment. After this time, the extract was gathered and placed in a 1.5mL vial and then in a freezer at -20°C. 1μl aliquots of the extracts (n=32) were analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chemical evaluation was focused on the concentrations of the volatile compounds [(E)-2-hexenal (E)-4-(oxo)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenil acetate, (E)-2-Octenal, undecane, dodecane, 1-tridecene, unknown, tridecane, (Z,Z)-2,7-octadien1-ol acetate, Tetradecane and Tetradecanal] identified in the extracts. Finally, the cuticular chemical profiles of the major compounds [(E)-2-Hexenal, Tridecane and (E)-4-(oxo)-2-Hexenal] of males and females of the P. torridus specie was the same. As to preparation of extracts protocol, it is recommended to use the immersion of the entire body of the insect at both times (10 seconds and 10 minutes) without anesthesia, in order to enlarge the detection of compounds.

scholarly journals Extension of an extraction method for the determination of 305 organic compounds in clay-loam soil to soils of different characteristics

MethodsX ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101476
Author(s):  
Andrea Acosta-Dacal ◽  
Cristian Rial-Berriel ◽  
Ricardo Díaz-Día ◽  
María del Mar Bernal-Suárez ◽  
Manuel Zumbado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Different Characteristics

scholarly journals What Is the Relationship between the Presence of Volatile Organic Compounds in Food and Drink Products and Multisensory Flavour Perception?

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Charles Spence
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Flavour Perception ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unique Chemical

This narrative review examines the complex relationship that exists between the presence of specific configurations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in food and drink products and multisensory flavour perception. Advances in gas chromatography technology and mass spectrometry data analysis mean that it is easier than ever before to identify the unique chemical profile of a particular food or beverage item. Importantly, however, there is simply no one-to-one mapping between the presence of specific VOCs and the flavours that are perceived by the consumer. While the profile of VOCs in a particular product undoubtedly does tightly constrain the space of possible flavour experiences that a taster is likely to have, the gustatory and trigeminal components (i.e., sapid elements) in foods and beverages can also play a significant role in determining the actual flavour experience. Genetic differences add further variation to the range of multisensory flavour experiences that may be elicited by a given configuration of VOCs, while an individual’s prior tasting history has been shown to determine congruency relations (between olfaction and gustation) that, in turn, modulate the degree of oral referral, and ultimately flavour pleasantness, in the case of familiar foods and beverages.

Development and validation of a cryogen-free automatic gas chromatograph system (GC-MS/FID) for online measurements of volatile organic compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 9424-9434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wang ◽  
Limin Zeng ◽  
Sihua Lu ◽  
Min Shao ◽  
Xinglong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Development And Validation

A cryogen-free, automatic gas chromatograph system was developed for online measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere.

Effect of shodhana and shamana chikitsa in mandala kustha (psoriasis): A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bala Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Old Men

Skin is the largest organ of the body both by surface area and weight. This covers the entire body. The thickness of skin varies considerably over all parts of the body and between young and old, men and women. It helps to regulate body temperature, stores water fat and permit sensation of touch. Psoriasis is a chronic dermatosis characterized by covered by silvery loose scales. Treatment available on contemporary system is not curative but suppressive only. The prevalence of psoriasis is 8%. Prevalence equal in males and females. A case of Mandala Kustha discussed here. Patient successfully treated with Shodhana (Virechana karma) & Shamana Chikitsa. After course of 2 months treatment provides significant relief in Sign and Symptoms. In our classics mentioned Shodhana Chikitsa for Kustha Roga. Considering the sign and symptoms of patient was treated with classical Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation) and Shamana Chikitsa according to line of treatment of Kustha (Psoriasis). Assessment was done on before treatment, after treatment and after follow up of 2 months; pictures were taken before treatment and after treatment. Remarkable improvement was noticed, induration and itching after Virechana treatment.

scholarly journals The art of otolith chemistry: interpreting patterns by integrating perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Walther
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Direct Photograph ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

The ability to obtain high-resolution chemical profiles across otoliths has expanded with technological advancements that prompted an explosion of data from diverse taxa in coastal, marine and freshwater systems worldwide. The questions pursued by most otolith chemists fall broadly into six categories: identifying origins, tracking migration, reconstructing environments, quantifying growth or physiology, validating ages and assessing diets. Advances in instrumentation have widened the periodic table of otolith elements, and two-dimensional mapping has further illuminated spatial heterogeneity across these complex structures. Although environmental drivers of observed elemental signatures in otoliths are often assumed to be paramount, multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors can disrupt simple relationships between an element and a single environmental parameter. An otolith chemical profile is not a direct photograph of an environment, but rather an impressionistic image filtered through the multifaceted experiences of the fish itself. A ‘signal-to-noise’ approach that assesses the relative magnitudes of variation from intrinsic and extrinsic factors on chemical profiles may be a promising way to resolve the factor of interest against the ‘noise’ of others. A robust appreciation of environmental drivers, physiological regulation and calcification dynamics that affect the ability to effectively interpret otolith chemical patterns is necessary to drive the field forward.

scholarly journals Extraction of Nobiletin and Tangeretin From Peels of Shekwasha and Ponkan Using [C2mim][(MeO)(H)PO2] and Centrifugation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Mizuno ◽  
Hibiki Yoshikawa ◽  
Toyonobu Usuki
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Citrus Depressa ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The polymethoxyflavonoids nobiletin and tangeretin are isolated from peels of shekwasha ( Citrus depressa Hayata) and ponkan ( Citrus reticulata Blanco). These natural products possess biological activities, including anticancer and anti-inflammation properties. This report describes an efficient method for the extraction and isolation of nobiletin and tangeretin from citrus peels using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylphosphonate ([C2mim][(MeO)(H)PO2]) and centrifugation/decantation. The results showed that the extraction yield of nobiletin and tangeretin using [C2mim][(MeO)(H)PO2]/organic solvent (1:1 w/w) was 1.4 to 1.6 times higher than that using organic solvent. This extraction method is expected to be applicable for obtaining other organic compounds from natural sources.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Behavioral Responses of the Marine Insect Halobates hawaiiensis (Heteroptera: Gerridae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tsoukatou ◽  
Lanna Cheng ◽  
Constantinos Vagias ◽  
Vassilios Roussis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Lipid ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Airborne Chemicals ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays ◽  
Marine Insect

Halobates is the only insect genus with representatives in the open ocean. How adults find one another at sea has long been an intriguing issue. Since chemical communications have been demonstrated in a related marine veliid Trochopus, and laboratory bioassays indicated behavioral differences between males and females when insect extracts were presented, we carried out similar studies on Halobates. Analyses of surface lipid constituents of female and male Halobates hawaiiensis revealed marked differences. Palmitic and oleic acid, major constituents in the male extracts, were absent in the female extract, whereas nonacosenol, dominating the female extracts, was not detected in the male extracts. Analyses of nymphal extracts indicated an intermediate chemical profile. Surface waxes of all insect stages investigated showed nonacosanol and isononacosanol to be main components. “Headspace” analyses of airborne chemicals showed high levels of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and benzal­dehyde from the male, whereas benzyl alcohol was the main component in the female mixture

Quantification of Hourly Speciated Organic Compounds in Atmospheric Aerosols, Measured by an In-Situ Thermal Desorption Aerosol Gas Chromatograph (TAG)

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan M. Kreisberg ◽  
Susanne V. Hering ◽  
Brent J. Williams ◽  
David R. Worton ◽  
Allen H. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Gas Chromatograph

scholarly journals Cuticular hydrocarbons for identifying Sarcophagidae (Diptera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Moore ◽  
Martin J. R. Hall ◽  
Falko P. Drijfhout ◽  
Robert B. Cody ◽  
Daniel Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Flesh Flies ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractThe composition and quantity of insect cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) can be species-specific as well as sexually dimorphic within species. CHC analysis has been previously used for identification and ageing purposes for several insect orders including true flies (Diptera). Here, we analysed the CHC chemical profiles of adult males and females of eleven species of flesh flies belonging to the genus Sarcophaga Meigen (Sarcophagidae), namely Sarcophaga africa (Wiedemann), S. agnata Rondani, S. argyrostoma Robineau-Desvoidy, S. carnaria (Linnaeus), S. crassipalpis Macquart, S. melanura Meigen, S. pumila Meigen, S. teretirostris Pandellé, S. subvicina Rohdendorf, S. vagans Meigen and S. variegata (Scopoli). Cuticular hydrocarbons extracted from pinned specimens from the collections of the Natural History Museum, London using a customised extraction technique were analysed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Time of preservation prior to extraction ranged between a few weeks to over one hundred years. CHC profiles (1) allowed reliable identification of a large majority of specimens, (2) differed between males and females of the same species, (3) reliably associated males and females of the same species, provided sufficient replicates (up to 10) of each sex were analysed, and (4) identified specimens preserved for up to over one hundred years prior to extraction.

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